07第七章 限定词（一）表示名词的数量

第七章 限定词（一）：表示名词的数量

29． 数量限定词

英文中的数量词常用的有： one 只接单数的 each every two，three，etc. both 只与可数名词连用 只接复数的 a couple of a pair of a few few several many a number of a little little 只与不可数名词连用 much a great deal of a large amount of not any some 与可数名词复数或不可数名词连用均可 a lot of lots of plenty of most all

one boy each boy every boy two boys both boys a couple of boys a pair of glasses a few boys few boys several boys many boys a number of boys a little water little water much water a great deal of water a large amount of water not any boys, not any water some water boys, some a lot of boys, a lot of water lots of boys, lots of water plenty of boys, plenty of water most boys, most water all boys, all water 1

30． 数量词与of连用 在上述数量词中，有些还可以接of短语连用： all/most/some/any of + 特指限定词 + 复数可数或不可数名词 ．．．．．比较： Most books are interesting. Most of books are interesting.（不正确） Most of my/these/the/John’s books are interesting. many/a few/few/several/both/two/three of + 特指限定词 + 复数这里“特指限定词”包括：--- this, that, these, those； 可数名词 --- my, their John’s 等名词比较： 所有格； Many students are good at English. Many of students are good at English.（不正确） Many of these students are good at English. much/a little/little of + 特指限定词 + 不可数名词 Much water is wasted. Much of water is wasted.（不正确） Much of the water is wasted. 其他数量词如：a lot of， lots of，a couple of，plenty of，a number of，a great deal of一般直接与名词连用。如： a lot of books，a great deal of water，a couple of days

特别关注：

all（三个或以上都）/both（两个都）的用法： 研究以下句子：

正确：All students are smart. 所有学生都很聪明。 正确：All of my students are smart.

正确：All my students are smart. （all的独特用法）

不正确：All of students are smart.

但其他数量词不能像all第三种句子这样用。如我们不能说：most my students，most the students，many these students

both和all的用法类似。

--- the 31． 数量词 a few，few / a little，little

31.1 与名词搭配

a few，few后面只能接可数名词复数；而a little，little后面只能接不可数名词。例如： a few days，few boys a little water，little water

31.2 肯定/否定之别

a few，a little意思是肯定的，相当于some，表示“有一些”。而few，little意思是否定的，表示“很少，几乎没有”。例如：

a.

His theory is rather difficult; few people understand it. = almost no people understand it.

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他的理论很深奥，没有什么人能够理解。

b. His theory is rather difficult, but a few people understand it. 他的理论很深奥，但却有 一些人能够理解。

c. I have little interest in English, so I am very pool at it. 我对英文没什么兴趣，所以学

得不好。 d. I have a little interest in English, so I like learning it. 我对英文有些兴趣，所以我喜

欢学。

31.3 与only或very搭配

我们只能说：only a little，only a few；而不能说：only few，only little。但为了强调否His theory is rather difficult and ______ students can understand it. A. only few B. only a few C. only little D. only a little

正确答案：B

定意义，我们可说：very few，very little。

32． 数量词 some / any

32.1 从与名词搭配来看，some和any均可以与不可数名词和可数名词复数连

用，表示“一些”。Some一般用在肯定句中；而any一般用在否定句中。

例如：

a. Clint is busy. He always has some work to do. But John is lazy. He never does any work. b. Last night I was very hungry and I wanted some food to eat. But now I am not hungry

and I don’t want any food to eat. c. I need some medicine to cure my cough. d. I want to buy some computer books. f.

I don’t have any friends here.

32.2 在疑问句中，我们多数情况用any，但是在表示我们期待一个正面回答或要鼓

励对方说“是”时，要用some在疑问句中。例如： a. Have you got any medicine to cure your cough? b. Would you like to give me some advice? c. Can I have some more wine?

32.3 any可以表示“无论哪一个，任何一个”，此时可用于任何类型的句子。

You can catch any bus. They all go to the railway station.

你可以随便搭一辆公车，它们都去火车站。

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第七章 限定词（一）：表示名词的数量练习

选择题：（数量限定词与名词的搭配）

1 Ann is wearing ______ rings. 2 Ann is wearing ______ jewelry. A. five B. several C. some D. lots of E. too many F. too much G. a few H. a little I. no J. every

K. each

3 He doesn’t have ______ money. A. much B. many C. a few

D. little

4 There ______ bad news on television tonight. A. is too much B. are too much C. is too many D. are too many 5 ______ people left early. A. A lot B. A few C. A little D. Less

6 Only ______ dollars have been borrowed from the manager. A. a few B. few C. some

D. little

7 The letter was short because there wasn’t ______. A. many news B. much news

C. a lot news

D. a lot of news

（在必要的地方加上of） 8 Some ______ students are lazy and some ______ students are hard-working. 9

Some ______ my students are z little lazy.

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