高中英语选修八教案：unit 3 inventors and inventions - 图文

单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要

点） 词语 辨析 1. discover / find / invent 2. hope / wish / expect 3. bear / endure / stand / tolerate 4. set off / set out / set about 1. mercy n.仁慈，宽容 2. abrupt adj.突然的，意外的；唐突的，鲁莽的 merciful adj. 宽恕的 abruptly adv.突然地；粗鲁地 merciless adj.残忍的；无情的 unexpected. adj. 想不到的，未预料unexpectedly adv. 出乎意料地，想不到地 / practical adj.实际的，实 践的，实用的 3. expect vt. 期待，预期， expectation n. 期待，词形 指望 预料，指望，展望 变化 4. freeze v.(使)冻结，(使) 结冰 n.冻结；冰冻期 5. practise vt.&vi. 实行； 练习；实习 freezing n. 冰点 adj. 冰冻的，严寒的 practice n. 练习，实习，实践，习俗 词汇 部分 1. distinguish 辨别；辨认；（常与from, between连用）区别；区分 2. convenient adj.便利的，方便的 重点 3. seize vt. 抓住，捉住；占据；（指强烈的感情）突然影响或控制（某人） 单词 4. file n. 文件；档案 vt. 把……归档 5. hang vt.& vi. (hung; hung) 悬挂，附着 vt. (hanged; hanged) 吊死，绞死 1. call up征召；召集服兵役；唤起；使人回忆；带入心中；打电话给某人 2. set about sth/doing sth (不用於被动语态) 开始（某工作）；着手做某事 3. (every) now and then/again 时而；偶尔；有时 重点 4. out of order次序颠倒；发生故障 词组 5. get through 用完，消耗掉；（设法）做或完成某事；通过；与某人联系 6. ring back 回复电话 7. in case 因为可能发生某事；以防万一；万一 1. The first thing I tried to do was to see if there were products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes. 2. Between the outside and inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly, which freezes hard when cooled. 复习过去分词做表语和宾语补足语（见语法部分） 重点句型 重点语法 语言要点（模块）

Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1. discover / find / invent 【解释】 discover表示“偶然”或“经过努力”发现客观存在的事物、真理或错误。 find意为“发现，找到”，指对某种事物的寻求，也指对丢失的事物的找到。 invent 指设计或制造原来没有的东西。

【练习】用discover，find，invent的适当形式填空。 1). Columbus _______ America in 1492. 2). You will _______ it a difficult book. 3). When did you _______ that she’ s married? 4). I’ ve _______ the book I was hunting for. 5). Alexander Graham Bell _______ the telephone in 1876. Keys: 1). discovered 2). find 3). found 4). discover 5). invented 2. hope / wish / expect 【解释】 hope 后面只能接不定式和that从句，表示一种有信心的可实现的希望。 注意：① hope后不能接动名词作宾语，也不能用hope sb. to do sth. 结构。 ② 省略答语中，not不可放在hope前，如不能说I don’ t hope so.只能说I hope not. wish 通常表示有某种未实现或无法实现的欲望或希望，wish后跟从句时常用虚拟语气。 expect 表示“预期，盼望，期待，料想”，后面可跟名词、代词、不定式，that从句等。 【练习】用hope，wish，expect的适当形式填空。 1). We _______ that our children will carry on our family traditions. 2). I _______ you a very happy future. 3). What do you _______ me to do? 4). Most of the parents _______ much of their children. 5). I am _______ a letter from her. 6). I ________ I were really wealthy. Keys: 1). hope 2). wish 3). wish / expect 4). expect 5). expecting 6). wish 3. bear / endure / stand / tolerate 【解释】 bear强调忍受者对痛苦、忧虑、烦恼以及责任的承受力，常用于否定句中。 endure意为“经受长期的艰难、困苦或折磨而不屈服”，强调持久力和意志坚强，常用于否定句中。 stand强调不屈不挠或经受得起，常用于否定句中。 tolerate意为“忍受某人或某种行为而不反抗”，语气最弱，可用于肯定句和否定句。 【练习】用bear，endure，stand，tolerate的适当形式填空。 1). Our tent won’ t _______ another storm like the last one. 2). I can’ t _______ to wait any longer. 3). She’ s already had to _______ three painful operations on her leg. 4). I will not _______ that sort of behaviour in my class. Keys: 1). stand 2). bear 3). endure 4). tolerate 4. set off / set out / set about 【解释】 set off “出发”，侧重于去某个地方。 set out “出发，开始”，侧重于开始做某事，还有规划，展现的意思，后加不定式。 set about “开始，着手”，与set out意思相近，后加v-ing形式。 【练习】用set off，set out，set about的适当形式填空。 1). They succeeded in what they had _______ to do. 2). Having made up his mind, he _______ carrying out the plan. 3). If you want to catch that train we’ d better _______ for the station immediately. Keys: 1). set out 2). set about 3). set off

Ⅱ.词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料） 1. mercy n.仁慈，宽容 2. abrupt adj.突然的，意外的；唐突的，鲁莽的 merciful adj. 宽恕的 abruptly adv.突然地；粗鲁地 merciless adj.残忍的；无情的 unexpected. adj. 想不到的，未预料unexpectedly adv. 出乎意料地，想不到地 / 3. expect vt. 期待，预期， expectation n. 期待，预料，指指望 望，展望 4. freeze v.(使)冻结，(使) 结冰 n.冻结；冰冻期 5. practise vt.&vi. 实行； 练习；实习 freezing n. 冰点 adj. 冰冻的，严寒的 practice n. 练习，实习，实践，practical adj.实际的，实 习俗 践的，实用的 【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。 1). This result was beyond my wildest ________ (expect). 2). She was subjected to the ________ (mercy) criticism of her opponents. 3). They asked her to be ________ (mercy) to the prisoners. 4). We must put our plans into ________ (practise). 5). Your invention is very ________ (practice). 6). The young girl practices ________ (play) the violin every day. 7). His father died _______ (expect), and it was ten years since they were last together. 8). We were _______ (freeze) cold in the tent last night. 9). Our conversation came to an _______ (abruptly) end when George burst into the room. Keys: 1). expectation 2). merciless 3). merciful 4). practice 5). practical 6). playing 7). unexpectedly 8). freezing 9). abrupt Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料） 1. distinguish 辨别；辨认；（常与from, between连用）区别；区分 1). I can distinguish them at a distance. 从远处我能认出他们。 2). The man distinguishes himself by his wisdom这个人因智慧而扬名。

distinguish A from B 辨别A与B be distinguished from不同于…… be distinguished by 以……为特征 be distinguished for 因……而著称 distinguish oneself 显扬自己；使自己扬名

根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词或翻译。 1). Can you distinguish _______ those two objects?

2). Children should be taught to _______ _______ _______ _______ (分辨好坏). 3). Speech distinguishes human beings _______ the animals.

4). The Chinese nation is distinguished _______ its diligence and courage.

Keys: 1). between 2). distinguish right from wrong 3). from 4). for

2. convenient adj.便利的，方便的convenience n.便利，方便 conveniently adv.便利地

1). Is it convenient for you to come next Sunday? 下个星期天你方便来吗？ 2). I can’ t see him now; it’ s not convenient. 我现在不便见他。

be convenient to sb. 对某人方便 It is convenient (for sb) to do sth. (某人)做某事方便 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。

1). Come and see me _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (无论你何时方便). 2). We must arrange a ________ (convenience) time and place for the meeting. 3). I keep my reference books near by desk for _______ (convenient).

Keys: 1). whenever it’ s convenient to you 2). convenient 3). convenience

3. seize vt. 抓住，捉住；占据；（指强烈的感情﹑ 愿望等）突然影响或控制（某人）

1). She seized me by the wrist. 她抓住我的手腕。 2). Panic seized us. 我们惊恐万状。

seize hold of sth 抓住某物 seize a chance / an opportunity 抓住时机 seize on/upon sth 意识到某事物而立即加以利用 完成句子。

1). His father asked him ______________________________________ (抓住时机赚一些钱). 2). We _____________ (身不由己) by a sudden impulse to run.

3). The critics _______ _______ (抓住) my mistake and said I was ignorant.

Keys: 1). to seize the chance to make some money 2). were seized 3). seized on

4. file n. 文件；档案 vt. 把……归档

1). Here are our files on the results of the business in the past five years. 这是我们过去五年来经营成绩的案卷。

2). Please file this paper away, Miss Mary. 玛丽小姐，请把这份文件归档。

have／open／keep a file on存有／设立／保存……的档案 翻译下面的句子。

1). 她把她所有的信件仔细归档。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2). 他阅读了有关这个案件的全部卷宗。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). She filed all her letters carefully. 2). He read all the files on the case.

5. hang vt.& vi. (hung; hung) 悬挂，附着；悬挂着 vt. (hanged; hanged) 吊死，绞死

1). His pictures were hung in the Museum of Modem Arts. 他的画在现代艺术馆展出。 2). The man was hanged for murder. 那男子因谋杀罪被处绞刑。

hang about 闲待着，终日无所事事；闲荡 hang on 紧握着；(电话用语)别挂断 hang up 挂；挂断电话；延迟；推迟或搁置

用与hang的正确形式或相关的词组填空。