2020高考英语一轮复习构想Unit2Healthyeating课时作业新人教版必修3

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Unit 2 Healthy eating

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2017·湖北七市高三联合考试)

Modern humans have a hard time controlling their desire to eat. Often you eat not because you are hungry, but because you are affected by many other things. How much you eat is strongly affected by how much those around you eat. People eating alone eat least. People eating with one other person eat 35 percent more than they do at home. People dining in a party of four eat 75 percent more. Eating with overweight friends? You'll eat more. Is your waitress overweight? you'll eat more. A wide variety of food? You'll eat more.

Plates can decide how sweet dessert tastes. If people ate it off a paper plate, they'd say, “This is good.” If they ate it off a fancy silver plate, they would say, “This is the greatest cake I've eaten in my entire life.”

Your knowledge about what makes food good or bad also affects how much you eat. You tend to eat more when you think the food is good, and less when you think it is bad. So Grandma's cookies always taste better than other cookies. “Good food” even has a “health halo (光环) effect”. If we're eating something healthy, we feel that everything in that meal is healthy. Due to this, people often believe that a cheese cake with a salad has fewer calories (卡路里) than the cheese cake alone. That's perhaps also why eating organic (有机的) food might turn you into an annoying guy. Your brain may use anything that makes you feel good about your own morality to excuse your immoral behaviour.

Food and hunger affect your judgment too. Hungry judges give more serious sentences. Kids who don't eat breakfast behave worse than kids who eat their breakfast. People who have low blood sugar are more likely than the average person to have trouble concentrating and controlling their unpleasant emotions.

【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了哪些因素会导致人们吃的更多。 1．What is mentioned as a cause of overeating? A．Suffering from great loneliness. B．Being served by a helpful waitress. C．Being treated to high quality food. D．Eating with many friends.

答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第一段的“People eating with one other person eat 35 percent more than they do at home”可知，和别人一起吃饭会比单独在家吃饭多吃35%；据此可知，和许多朋友一起吃饭是吃的多的一个原因，故D项正确。

2．According to the passage, an annoying person may be one who ________. A．finds any excuse for eating more B．is crazy about the quality of plates C．competes with others in making cookies D．teaches people to stick to morality

答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据第一段的内容和第三段中的“That's perhaps also... your immoral behaviour”可知，一个让人讨厌的人可能总会找到吃多的借口，故A项正确。

3．According to the passage, people are more likely to make a bad judgment when ________.

A．they don't feel hungry B．they aren't overweight C．they have low blood sugar

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D．they know little about food

答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段的“People who have low blood sugar are more likely than the average person to have trouble concentrating and controlling their unpleasant emotions”可知，低血糖的人比常人更难以集中注意力和控制自己的情绪，判断力会更差，故C项正确。

4．What would be the best title for the passage? A．When Can't We Go on a Diet? B．What Affects Eating? C．How to Make Good Food D．Where to Find Safe Food 答案与解析：B 考查标题判断。通读全文可知，本文的主题句是第一段的第二句“Often you eat not because you are hungry, but because you are affected by many other things”，结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍影响吃饭的因素，故B项最能概括文章大意。

B

(2017·安徽高三学生测试)

When you bite into a loaf of bread, you're eating a little slice of history, with roots that stretch back for millennia. But this basic and important food, which has dominated tables for thousands of years, is in a dangerous decline.

According to a study, 32 percent of the purchased bread is being dumped in the UK. And in France—a country whose breads are internationally well-known—young people are eating 30 percent less than a decade ago.

Traditionally, bread has been a cornerstone of many cultures around the world. Wherever wheat was grown, bread was sure to follow. Its roles were just as varied as its origins. Bread could be used as an appetizer, a palate cleanser, a post-meal palate cleaner—even as an entire meal itself. As its popularity grew, so too did its symbolic value. Christianity adopted bread as a representation of Christ during religious ceremonies. “Breaking bread” with someone became a common symbol of friendship. The French even used to bring baguettes (法棍面包) home as a symbol of love to the family.

But recently, the world's love with bread came to fade. Some guess that the fast pace of modern life is changing people's eating habits. Others believe it's a reflection of health concerns. Bread is rich in complex carbohydrates (碳水化合物), a fact that could alienate (使疏远) anyone who practices a low-carbon or gluten-free (不含麸质物的) lifestyle.

The shift against bread is also associated with its mass production. Extra yeast (酵母) and additives (添加剂) are added to the dough, to extend its shelf life. In the process, bread ends up being blanched (变白) and nutritious stripped.

But dedicated bakers around the world have rushed forward to rescue bread's good reputation. They say no to mass production in favor of baking flavorful loaves the old-fashioned way. British baker Mark Newman is a good example. His loaves take up to 18 hours from start to finish. “In terms of nutrition and eating satisfaction, a handmade loaf of real bread and mass-produced bread are completely different products，” he said. Artisanal bakers (手工面包师) hope to build on the popular enthusiasm to grow their industry. With a little luck—and some fresh, whole grains—bread might return to its traditional glory.

【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。面包曾是人们餐桌上的主要食物，而现在由于各种原因，面包的消耗量下降了很多，于是有人开始想方设法使面包重新成为一种受欢迎的食品。

5．From the traditional view, bread ________. A．could not be served before a big meal B．could be mass produced

C．was not used for religious purposes

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