高考复习方案(全国卷地区专用)高考英语一轮总复习 Unit 4 Astronomy：the scie

Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars

基础检测 Ⅰ.词性转换 1．He was always careful, but sometimes the bad weather made him ________(violent) ill anyway. 2．The newspaper ceased to appear after an ________(exist) of three months. 3．Telling a lie as a joke or to fool someone is a ________(harm) type of lie. 4．She is a very ________ (religion) person who goes to church every Sunday. 5．I could feel the wind ________(gentle) blowing through my hair. It was a warm summer breeze. Ⅱ.单句填空

6．When the policeman stopped us，we all looked questioningly at him，nervous and ________ (puzzle)．

7．It remains to be seen ________ the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice. 8．It's ________(like) him to be late；he's usually on time. 9．If we hadn't worked so hard, such a good situation wouldn't ________(exist) in our factory. 10．People hope that measures will be taken to ________(prevent) housing prices ________ (rise)．

Ⅲ.短语填空 11．You've made me suffer in the past，so now you，________________(轮到你了)，suffer again! 12．Hans finally ________________(熟悉) his job after three months of training.

13．Stressful environments lead to unhealthy behaviours such as poor eating habits，which ________________ (转而) increase the risk of heart disease.

14．________________(既然) you've passed your test，you can drive on your own.

15．The government took immediate measures and the disease was ________________(阻止) spreading.

Ⅳ.句型训练

16．It was James Watt's observation of steam from a kettle ________________ the idea of the steam engine.(birth)

正是詹姆斯·瓦特对水壶中冒出的蒸汽的观察才产生了蒸汽机的想法。

17．The whole building was burnt to ashes.So far it remains unknown________________ last week.(break)

整个建筑化为灰烬。目前为止还不清楚上周那场火灾是怎样爆发的。

18．________________is why he left the country without telling anyone.(puzzle) 令我不解的是，他为什么悄悄地离开了这个国家。

19．________________， her parents took her to travel around the world. (cheer) 为了让她高兴起来，她的父母带她去环球旅行。

20．____________________________ depends on whether it can be kept secret.(successful) 这项计划是否能够成功取决于它是否能够被保守秘密。 能力提升 Ⅴ. 阅读理解

A

Washington: NASA has announced evidence that Jupiter's largest moon, Ganymede, has a saltwater ocean under its icy surface. The ocean seems to have more water than all the water on the earth's surface, according to new Hubble observation.

New Hubble observation of Ganymede's magnetic field strongly suggests that the moon, which is the largest in our whole solar system, is home to a subsurface ocean.

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Scientists estimate the ocean is 95 kilometres thick, which is about 10 times deeper than the earth's oceans. But unlike our salty waters, Ganymede's ocean is buried under 150 kilometres of ice.

While scientists have speculated(推测) since 1970s about the presence of an ocean on Ganymede—the largest moon in our solar system—until now the only observational evidence came from a brief fly-by by the Galileo spacecraft, which didn't observe the moon long enough to confirm a liquid ocean.

This discovery marks an important milestone, highlighting what only Hubble can accomplish. In its 25 years in orbit, Hubble has made many scientific discoveries in our solar system. A deep ocean under the icy surface of Ganymede opens up further exciting possibilities for life beyond the earth.

Scientists have already confirmed the existence of an ocean on Europa, another moon orbiting Jupiter, and NASA has announced plans to send an unmanned mission there searching for the life that might come with liquid water.

Hubble is a telescope that orbits the earth, but because of its impressive gravitational analyses it can be used to study the inside of far distant planets. Using these same principles, scientists could theoretically detect oceans on distant planets as well.

21．What can we learn about Ganymede from the passage?

A．It is a planet with the largest moon in our whole solar system. B．Its ocean adds to people's excitement about life beyond the earth. C．It will be used by NASA as a base for the Hubble telescope. D．Its liquid ocean was first proved by the Galileo spacecraft.

22．Which of the following best describes the writer's attitude towards Hubble? A．Cautious. B．Doubtful. C．Negative. D．Favourable.

23．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 6 mean? A．An underground ocean has been found in Europa.

B．The presence of an underground ocean in Europa is not possible. C．It is now certain that there is an ocean on Europa.

D．No evidence has shown the existence of an ocean on Europa. 24．What type of writing does this passage belong to? A．A term essay. B．A news report.

C．An experiment report. D．An exploration review.

B

While every dog owner knows his dog can read his moods perfectly, scientists have always been a little doubtful.Now thanks to some researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna, Austria, we finally have some convincing evidence.

For their study, biologist Corson Miller and his team exposed eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy.Half the dogs were rewarded for touching the screen when showing a happy face, while the other half given their treat for selecting those that appeared angry.

Interestingly, the dogs were not provided with the entire face.Some dogs were shown only upper halves while the others observed lower halves.That's because the scientists believe humans show their emotions on their entire face.

After some training on how to recognize small differences like the wrinkles between the eyes or the changes in their shape that accompany the happy or angry expressions, the dogs were mostly

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able to identify the correct expression not only on a familiar face but on a strange face. The researchers concluded the dogs were smart enough to read human emotions.

They also found those being trained to read angry expressions took a longer time to learn.They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting, causing them to withdraw quickly.However, once the smart dogs realized they were getting the reward, the trepidation seemed to disappear.In fact, the dogs had such a good time playing the computer “game” that scientists had a hard time keeping them away from the touch screens after the study was completed.

The researchers also noticed only dogs with a male owner had a harder time understanding the expressions correctly.Since the touch screen models were all females, this confirmed what had been observed in previous studies—dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner.

25. How did the scientists conduct the experiment?

A．By leaving dogs to women who are either happy or angry. B．By mixing the selected dogs together.

C．By rewarding only half of the dogs touching the screen.

D．By showing digital pictures of women's happy or angry faces. 26. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．The dogs were all provided with the entire face.

B．According to their size, the dogs were given either upper or lower halves.

C．The dogs could read even small changes that accompany facial expressions after some training.

D．The dogs couldn't read strangers' facial emotions.

27. The underlined word “trepidation” in Paragraph 5 probably means “________”． A．horror B．curiosity C．excitement D．doubt

28. How might the results change if the dogs with female owners are shown pictures of male faces?

A．They could only tell emotions on partial faces rather than on entire faces. B．They found it hard to tell the moods on the faces of a different gender. C．They found it easy to tell the emotions on the entire face. D．They would be scared away at the sight of the pictures. Ⅵ.短文改错 Last Saturday，our school had organized an activity to visit the children at a local orphanage. As one of the volunteer，I took part in it. We took many books as well many kinds of school supplies and toys for the children. They were delighted to receive the gifts. In the morning，we played some games with them when we used to play in our childhood. Then we cooked and had lunch here. In the afternoon，we gave them some performances. Before leaving the orphanage，we had photos take with them and gave them our contact details so that they could keep in touch with one another. Each of us had a happily time. We gave the children our care and help，but in return，they gave us their smiles and love.

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课时作业(十四)

【基础检测】

Ⅰ.1.violently 2.existence 3.harmless 4.religious 5.gently Ⅱ.6.puzzled 7.whether 8.unlike 9.have existed 10．prevent; rising

Ⅲ.11.in your turn 12.got the hang of 13.in turn 14．Now that 15.prevented from Ⅳ.16.that gave birth to 17.how the fire broke out

18．What puzzles me/What makes me puzzled 19．To cheer her up

20.Whether the plan will be successful 【能力提升】 Ⅴ.

A

21．B 22.D 23.C 24.B

B

25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B

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of school supplies and toys for the children. They were delighted to receive the gifts. In the

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morning, we played some games with them when we used to play in our childhood. Then we

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cooked and had lunch here. In the afternoon，we gave them some performances. Before leaving

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the orphanage，we had photos take with them and gave them our contact details so that they could

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keep in touch with one another. Each of us had a happily time. We gave the children our care and

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help, but in return，they gave us their smiles and love.

and

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