2018牛津高中英语语法大全集(1至模块10语法)

名师讲义 直通清华北大 名师讲义 直通清华北大 名师讲义

etc.

yesterday the day before / the previous day/ on Tudesay,etc.

next month the month after/ the following month / in July,etc.

last year the year before / the previous year, etc. a week ago a week before / a week earlier,etc. 4）其它的例子：

直接引语 间接引语 this that these those come go

二 间接引语：陈述句，疑问句和祈使句 1．陈述句

1）我们用that引导的名词性从句来陈述一件事。

如：She said, “Advertisements are an important part of our lives.”------

She said that advertisements are an important part of our lives. 2) 除了say之外，还有其它的动词可以这样用：

tell, advise, agree, explain, insist, promise, remind, suggest, warn

如： “PSAs are often placed for free,” the writer said.----- The writer explained that PSAs are often placed for free.

2．疑问句

? 我们用whether/if引导的名词性从句来陈述一般疑问句。

如：Matt asked Ann, “Are you the happiest person in the world?”-----

Matt asked Ann whether/if she was the happiest person in the world.

? 我们用wh-疑问词引导的名词性从句来陈述wh-疑问句。

如：I asked her, “How can that could be??-----

名师讲义 直通清华北大 名师讲义 直通清华北大 I asked her how that could be true. 3．祈使句

名师讲义

1）我们用以下结构来陈述祈使句：陈述动词+宾语+（not）+ to-动词不定式

如：The writer said, “Think about why you should do the things the ad suggests.”-----

The writer told us to think about why we should do the things the ad suggested.

“Don?t worry, Mickey,” Jen said.----- Jen asked Mickey not to worry.

2) 其它的单词也有同样的用法：advise, encourage, invite, remind, warn

如： “Don?t believe every advertisement you read,” Michelle said to me.-----

Michelle advised me not to believe every advertisement I read.

第二单元

一 情态动词：总体介绍 1．我们用情态动词来谈论： 1）能力

如：He can run the 100m sprint in11seconds. 2) 义务

义务性由弱到强排列：ought to/ should----have to -----must

如：You must work hard to win the gold medal. 3)确定

确定性由弱到强排列：might---- may---- could----should-----ought to----will----must

如：She might win a medal at the Olympics. 4) 允许

正式性由弱到强排列：can----could----may----might 如：He is injured but may take part in the games.

名师讲义 直通清华北大 名师讲义 直通清华北大 2 我们也用情态动词来： 1）提要求：

正式性由弱到强排列：will---can----could----would 如：Can you help me with my training? ? 提意见：

如：Shall we do exercise this morning? ? 提供帮助：

名师讲义

如：I?ll wash your sports jacket. Shall I get a ticket for you? ? 提建议：

如：You should not/ ought not to eat a lot before swimming. 3 情态动词后应该接不带to的动词不定式。

如：She could win the gold medal.

4 我们用情态动词的进行时来谈论现在可能发生的事情，用情态动词的完成时来谈论过去可能发生的事情。

如：The boys may be playing football on the playground. He plays basketball very well. He must have practiced it a lot. 二 情态动词：can和be able to 等 1．Can 和be able to

1）当指能力时，can和be able to可以互换，但be able to比can更加正式但也不常用。

如：My brother can/is able to play table tennis very well. 2) 我们用can来谈论将来可能发生的动作。

如：Let?s get some exercise. We can go and jog in the park. ? be able to可以用在不同的时态中，可以后面直接接动词原形或放在另一个情态动词之后。 如：I?m sorry I haven?t been able to play tennis with you recently. It?s nice to be able to attend the lecture.

Wang Gong might be able to win the chess game.

4) can的过去式是could，be able to的过去式是was /were able to 如：He could swim across the river when he was young.

Mike was a good swimmer, so he was able to take first place in

名师讲义 直通清华北大 名师讲义 直通清华北大 the competition. 2 shall和 will

1）我们通常用shall来表达承诺，用will来表达决心或决定。

名师讲义

如：Don?t worry. You shall have the tickets for the games. Liu Mei will go and buy the tickets for the games.

2) 在疑问句中，shall用于第一人称或第三人称提供帮助或提建议，will用于第二人称和第三人称询问意愿。

如：Shall we go swimming this weekend?

A group of students are waiting to see you outside. Shall they come in?

Will you go hiking with me in the mountain? Will he pay for me? 3 mustn?t和needn?t

Mustn?t用来表达让某人不做某事，needn?t用来表达做某事没必要。

如：You mustn?t miss this football match. It?s very important. You needn?t watch the game if you don?t want to. 4 need和dare

当用做情态动词时，这两个词常出现在否定句和疑问句中。这两个词还可以当做普通动词来用。

如：You needn?t / don?t need to go training if you feel tired. Dare he/ Does he dare to dive into the water from the bridge?

第三单元

一 被动语态

1．主动语态和被动语态在意思上没有太大区别，可以互换。在主动语态的句子中，我们用动作的发出者作为句子的主语；在被动语态的句子中，我们用动作的承受者作为句子的主语。

如：Scientists designed a VR headset. A VR headset was designed by scientists.

2 被动语态的基本结构是：be+-ed （动词的过去分词），在不同的时态中，be的形式是不一样的。例如，在一般现在时态中，be是is或are；