（5年高考3年模拟A版）浙江省2020年高考英语总复习专题十主旨要义教师用书（含解析）

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专题十 主旨要义

挖命题 【考情探究】

考情分析 考点 考向 考频统计 考查目标 2018.11 2018.6 2017.11 2017.6 2016.10 考纲要求考生能够理解阅读理解 主旨要义 1 1 1 1 0 文章或某段落的主要内容,能归纳文章要点,概括中心思想

分析解读 1.主旨要义题主要考查考生理解文章或特定的段落并概括大意的能力。它不仅考查考生的文章理解能力,也考查考生在理解文字的基础上的归纳、概括能力。 2.主旨要义题有两个设题方向:归纳主旨和提炼最佳标题。 3.主旨要义题目考查比较稳定,每年都会考到1—2题。

过专题 【五年高考】 A组 2018年全国高考题组

Passage 1(2018浙江6月,B)词数:279

Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he’s an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein’s jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.

Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台). The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California,

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including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.

Among the bag makers’ arguments:many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.

The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its

replacement:reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.

Environmentalists don’t dispute(质疑)these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years. 1.What has Steven Stein been hired to do? A.Help increase grocery sales. B.Recycle the waste material. C.Stop things falling off trucks. D.Argue for the use of plastic bags.

2.What does the word“headwinds”in paragraph 2 refer to? A.Bans on plastic bags. B.Effects of city development. C.Headaches caused by garbage. D.Plastic bags hung in trees.

3.What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers? A.They are quite expensive. B.Replacing them can be difficult. C.They are less strong than plastic bags.

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