2019年高中英语Unit15LearningSectionLesson2

出发，动身

③Panic on the stock market set off a wave of selling.引发，激起 set up set down set out (to do) set about (doing) set aside 开办，建立 放下；记下；写下 动身；开始(做) 开始(做)；着手(做) 把……放到一边，不理会 ④(2014·陕西高考单选)Ralph W．Emerson would always set down new ideas that occurred to him.

拉尔夫·W·爱默生总是把他想到的一些新主意记下来。

⑤He sets about doing (do) his homework after supper every day. ＝He sets out to_do (do) his homework after supper every day. 每天晚饭后他开始做家庭作业。

5．(教材P40)I know that I wasn't a willing student and I shouldn't have been so difficult at school, but it was probably because I lacked confidence in myself.

我知道上学时我不是一个积极肯学的学生，而且自己本不该那么叛逆，但那很可能是因为我缺乏自信。

lack v．& n．缺乏，没有 (1)lack (for) sth. (2)(a) lack of for/through lack of (3)lacking adj. be lacking in ... 缺乏某物 缺乏…… 因缺乏…… 缺乏的 缺少…… ①It may be a good report, but it seems to lack (for) facts. ＝It may be a good report, but it seems to be_lacking_in facts. 这或许是个好报告，但事实似乎还不充分。

②More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities for/through_lack_of space.

因缺乏空间，大城市里已经建起了越来越多的高楼大厦。

③Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and (a)_lack_of_exercise.

健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺少锻炼密切相关。

[名师点津] (1) lack既可以作动词也可作名词。作及物动词时，后面直接跟宾语，作不及物动词时常接介词for；作名词时，后面常用介词of。

(2)lacking为形容词，但一般不放在名词前作定语。

6．(教材P40)The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children's

minds when they are open and eager to learn.

作为一名老师，你可以在孩子们心灵顿开、渴望学习时进入他们的思想。 access n．接近或进入之路；(使用或见到的)机会，权利 (1)access to ... have/gain/get (no) access to 近…… (2)accessible adj. be accessible to sb. ①The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. 去那农舍的唯一通路是穿过田野。

②We can have/gain/get_access_to various information we need through the screen.

通过屏幕我们可以获得我们所需要的各种信息。

③It is reported that 30 percent of the world population have_no_access_to clean drinking water and health care.

据报道，世界上30%的人无法获得干净的饮用水和医疗保健。

④Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible (access) to children. 药品应放在孩子们够不着的地方。

[名师点津] access前通常不加冠词，且access和accessible短语中的to是介词。 7．(教材P40)And if what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I know what I'm doing is worthwhile.

如果作为一名老师我所做的工作能够帮助将一个像格雷厄姆这样的孩子变成一个如此成功的成年人，那么我知道我所做的一切都是值得的。

worthwhile adj.值得努力的，值得做的；有意义的(可作定语或表语)

??It's worthwhile?

?doing sth.?

??

?做某事是值得的 ??

通往……的入口 拥有/没有……的机会或权利；(不)可以获得或接可到达的；可接近的；可使用的；可进入的 易于为某人所接近/进入/得到 ①I thought it was worthwhile to clarify/clarifying the matter. 我认为有必要澄清事实。

②Sometimes I doubt whether it's worthwhile to_study/studying (study) abroad for some Chinese students.

有时我怀疑某些中国学生到国外学习是否值得。

?金钱等值?＋n?(1)be worth??＋doing值得做…… 金钱等值?＋n?of???＋being done值得做……(2)be worthy＋???to be done值得做……③In my opinion, the book_is_well_worth_reading/worthy_of_being_read/worthy_to_be_read.

依我看来，这本书很值得读。

[名师点津] (1)表示“很值得做……”要用副词well来修饰。

(2)worth一般只作表语；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。

1．Some schools teach how to pass tests so that the students can go to university. 有些学校教授通过考试的方法以便学生能进入大学。

(1)so that在此处引导目的状语从句，意为“目的是，为了……”，相当于in order that。so that引导目的状语从句时，常与can, could, be able to等词连用。

①We decide to hold a meeting so that we can discuss the matter. ＝We decide to hold a meeting in_order_that we can dicuss the matter. 我们决定开会来讨论这件事。

②He spoke aloud so_that he could be heard by the people at the back. 他讲话声音很大，以便后面的人也能听到。

(2)so that也可以引导结果状语从句，意为“结果；因此”。但作此用法时，一般不与can, could, be able to连用。

③Man has killed too many animals, so that there are fewer and fewer kinds of animals left.

人类猎杀了过多的动物，结果动物的种类越来越少。

2．He was very bright and should have done much better in all his other subjects. 格雷厄姆非常聪明，他本应该把其他所有的科目都学得更好。

should have done意为“本来应该做”，是虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设情况。

(1)用于肯定句，表示“应该做某事却未做”。

①With all the work finished, I should have gone to the party last night. 昨天晚上当所有的工作完成之后，我本来应该去参加聚会的。 (2)用于否定句，表示“本不应该做某事却做了”。

②You should_not_have_gone_back_to_work yesterday without the doctor's permission.

你昨天没有得到医生的允许，本不应该回去工作的。

(3)“情态动词＋have done”结构，表示对过去发生的事情的推测，或表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，含有责备、批评的意味。

(1)must have done sth. 肯定做过某事 (2)may/might have done sth. 大概已经做了某事 (3)needn't have done sth. (4)could have done sth. 本来不必要做而做了某事 本来可以做某事但却未做 ③It must_have_rained last night, for the road is wet. 路面是湿的，昨晚肯定下过雨。

④He could have finished it on schedule, but somehow he fell behind. 他原本能按预定进度做完这件事的，但不知怎地却落后了。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．If uncontrolled, the shortage would set off a new rise in meat prices. 2．Only a few people have access to the full facts of the case. 3．Owing to lack of time, we cannot do more than what we have done.

4．Reflecting on/upon her volunteer experience, Tina felt proud of what she managed to achieve together with her local colleagues.

5．You needn't have_told (tell) her the news, for I had told her about it earlier. Ⅱ.完成句子

1．通过做兼职工作，我能获得一些宝贵经验，以便我能更好地适应社会的发展和变化。 (2016·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)By doing the part-time job I can get some precious experience

so_that_I_can_better_adapt_to_the_development_and_changes_of_society.

2．在某种程度上，他们都对这起事故负有责任。

To_a_certain_extent,_they are all responsible for the accident. 3．如果你坚持要求涨工资，那么除了辞退你我别无选择。

If you insist on your demand for a pay raise, I shall have_no_alternative_but_to dismiss you.

4．读文学类图书是值得的，因为它们能帮助我们更多地了解社会和生活。