中考英语复习第一轮情态动词

一．知识点

一、重点词汇、短语、句型归纳：

本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须后接动词原形，和其一起构成句子的谓语成份。常用的情态动词有：can／could，may／might，must， 此外：have to，shall，should，will，would等也为情态动词。

can表示人具备某种能力，意为“能，会”。口语中表示请求、允许等。 例如：I can speak English now.

The boy could swim across the river when he was five years old. Can you help me with my English? 此外：can可用于否定句或疑问句中表示推测。

Mr. Green can’t be at home, he has gone to England. Can the news be true, but I don’t think so.

2．may／might 在肯定句中表示允许，在疑问句中表示请求，意为“可以---”“充许---”。

例如：You have finish your homework , you may go home now． May l borrow your bike?

3．must 表示某人的主观看法，意为“必须---”“一定---”。 例如：You must finish your homework first. We must learn English well today.

此外：may与must都可用于肯定句中表示推测，其中must的可能性远大于may。 例如：The light in Jim’s room is on, he must be at home now.

Mr. Li must be over seventy now, because his son is fifty this year. She must know how to do farm work, because she has worked on the farm for ten years.

Mr. Gao may be in the office now, but I don’t know. 注意：must与have to的区别

must强调主观要求，体现人的要求；have to强调客观需要，不以人的意志为转移。

例如：You must come to school on time every day.

You must listen to the teacher carefully in class. There are no buses in the station, I have to walk home.

二．例题演练

( )1. –Must I hand in my exercise-book now? A. can’t

B. mustn’t

–No, you ________.

D. needn’t

C. may not

( )2. You ________ talk loud in the library when others are reading books. A. mustn’t

B. can’t

C. may not

D. needn’t

( )3. –________ I finish my work tonight? A. Must

B. Need

–No, you needn’t.

D. May

C. Can

( )4. –________ I keep the book for two weeks.

–No, you mustn’t. You can keep it for a week at the most. A. May

B. Must

C. Need

D. Can

( )5. –Can you answer this question in English? –No, I ________. A. needn’t

B. may not

C. can’t

D. mustn’t

( )6. Don’t be late. You ________ be there on time. A. must

B. can

C. may

D. needn’t

( )7. –________ I use your dictionary? A. Must

B. May

–Certainly, here you are.

C. Need

D. Shall

( )8. –________ you swim? –No, I ________. A. Can; can can’t

( )9. “What ________ for you?” said the waiter. A. I can do

B. can I do

C. I may do

D. may I do

B. Must; can’t

C. Can; can’t

D. May;

( )10. We ________ hardly hear you. Please speak up a bit. A. can

B. can’t

C. may not

D. must

( )11. The light is poor. I ________ see the words on the blackboard. A. mustn’t

B. don’t

C. can’t

D. needn’t

( )12. It’s a fine day today. You ________ take a raincoat with you. A. can’t

B. mustn’t

C. needn’t

D. can

( )13. You ________ play football in the street. It’s dangerous. A. can

B. must

C. needn’t

D. mustn’t

( )14. I’ve looked for my pen everywhere, but I ________ find it. A. couldn’t

B. can’t

C. mustn’t

D. didn’t

( )15. Excuse me, ________ I have a look at that book? A. will

B. do

C. may

D. would

( )16. This clock ________ I two days. A. can mend mending

( )17. The exercise-books ________ in after class. A. must hand must handed

( )18. The exercises ________ tomorrow. A. may do done

( )19. The dictionary ________ good care of. A. must be take be taken

( )20. The stars ________ in the daytime. A. can’t be see

B. can’t see C. can’t be saw

D. can’t be seen

B. must take

C. make be taken

D. must to

B. may be doing

C. may done

D. may be

B. must be hand

C. must be handed D.

B. can be mended C. can be mend

D. can be

( )21. –Must I come here before eight o’clock? A. can’t

B. couldn’t

–No, you ________.

D. needn’t

C. mustn’t

三．重难点

注意：must与have to的区别

must强调主观要求，体现人的要求；have to强调客观需要，不以人的意志为转移。

例如：You must come to school on time every day.

You must listen to the teacher carefully in class. There are no buses in the station, I have to walk home.

四．解析

典型例句解析

1．I've got the key ________ the lock． A．of Key：B

[解析] 表示无生命东西的名词的所有关系一般用of构成短语，如：the door of the room。但题

中的to表示key与lock的一一对应关系。再如：the answer to the question。 2．They're working ________ the farm． A．on Key：A

[解析]“在农场”应说on a farm，不说in a farm。 3．There is a hole ________ the wall． A．on Key：C

[解析]“在墙上”常说on the wall，但说“墙上有洞”时，应说in the wall。因为洞深入墙“内部”。

4．The man was killed _________a stone．

B．at

C．in

D．of

B．in

C．at

D．over

B．to

C．on

D．by

A．by B．in C．with D．on Key：C

[解析]被动语态中的“被”“由”常由by表示，

例如：The work was finished by Mr. Green．但表示器具时，应用with。因为器具不能发出动作。