中级口译教程（英汉对照）

我们强调效率、竞争和独创性，而你们则将严谨规划放在首位，鼓励团队成员之间的密切合作和无私奉献。在日常交往中，我们往往比较幽默和随意，而你们则比较认真和严肃。在美国学校，讨论享有至高无上的地位，讨论就是课堂教学的主旋律。优秀教师具有灵活应变的才能，能随时回答学生可能提出的各种问题。这样的教师最受学生欢迎。而中国教师喜欢讲课，喜欢考试，花许多时间去备课，编写千篇一律的标准教案，培养整齐划一的高材生。

I think Americans gives too much importance to individualism and personal gains, so much so that it might sacrifice collective benefits, hurt the agreeable relationship among group members and even bring harm to the harmony of the society.

我感到美国人太看重个人主义，太看重个人利益，这样可能会牺牲集体利益，影响群体之间的和睦，甚至会损害社会的和谐。

Yes , in many cases, you‘re right. American working ethic seems to be more individual-oriented. We often value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process. Central to American political, economic and social thought is the concept of individual moral autonomy. If I‘m not mistaken, traditional Chinese philosophical systems are based on Confucianism, which sings high praises for individual to uplift themselves for the benefit of communal harmony. That is, communal harmony takes precedence over individual freedom.

你说得对，在很多情况下，确实如此。我们美国人的工作理念似乎更强调个人主义。我们一般重视的是结果和成就，而不是过程。美国的政治观、经济观以及社会观的核心就是个人道德自治观。如果我没理解错的话，中国传统的思想体系是以儒家学说为基础的，这种思想强调整体和谐，强调整体和谐高于个人自由。 You may say so. I should say you‘re partially correct on that. In spite of so many cultural differences, globalization has brought the world increasingly closer. Likewise, cultural exchanges have become more more extensive. 可以这样说，应该说是不分正确吧。尽管我们有如此多的文化差异，全球化浪潮正使世界变得越来越小，文化交流也随之变得越来越广泛。

Yes。 The global integration of economy and the speeding information revolution have brought the world closer than ever before. Chinese learn English, Americans learn Chinese; we drink tea, you drink coca-cola; we exercise Kung Fu, you go to bowling; we enjoy Peking Duck, you like KFC; Titanic sailed into China, The Peony Pavilion has been performed on Broadway. Nowadays, easterners and westerners are walking side by side, talking face to face, living, working and studying in harmony. The whole world is becoming increasingly beautiful due to exchanges.

是的。全球经济一体化、不断加速信息革命，等等，都使世界的联系比以往更加紧密。中国人学习英语，美国人学习汉语；我们饮茶，你们喝可乐；我们练功夫，你们玩保龄球；我们品尝北京烤鸭，你们喜欢肯德基；泰坦尼克号驶进中国，牡丹亭也在百脑汇上演了。现在，东西方人肩并肩走，面对面交谈，和谐的生活、工作和学习。整个世界由于文化的交流而变得越来越美丽。

Yes, Chinese beauty and American beauty are walking together .I believe there‘s still much room for further

discussion on this topic. As time is limited, we have to stop here today. We‘ll find some other time to continue our talk. Thank you .

是的，中国历任和美国丽人走到了一起。我想这个话题还有许多值得我们探讨的地方，由于时间关系，我们今天暂且谈到这里，以后我们再接着聊吧。谢谢。

My pleasure. Yes, we‘ll do it some other time. 不客气。是呀，我们另找时间再接着聊吧。 经营之道

Hi, Mr. Jackson. You have been working in China for three years. Can you tell us how you feel about the differences in business communication style between Chinese and American businessmen?

您好，杰克逊先生。你在中国已连续工作了三年，您能否谈下中美两国生意人在商务沟通方式上有何不同之处？

With pleasure. I think there are at least two differences in the way of businesspeople communication between Chinese and American businesspeople. First, Chinese businessmen tend to have business negotiations in a rather indirect

manner, as opposed to the more direct manner of American businesspeople. The Chinese take time to learn if their prospective business contacts are really reliable, for example, by inviting them to a party and socializing with them. In contrast, Americans usually act with the get-down-to-business-first mentality. Second, the decision-making process of Chinese companies is generally slow and time-consuming. This is because most Chinese companies keep to the ―bottom-up, then top-down and then bottom-up‖ decision-making principle which involves many people at different levels. American companies, on the other hand, usually operate with quick decisions made by the top management. I hope American businesspeople in China will understand these differences in business practices and adjust to the Chinese way.

我很乐意。我认为中美两国生意人在商务沟通方式上至少有两点不同。首先，中国人在商务谈判时倾向于一种迂回婉转的方式，而美国人则表现出一种直截了当的风格。中国人会花费时间来了解他们将要与之打交道的商人是否靠得住，例如邀请对方参加宴会，同时他们进行交流。与之相反，美国人则以公务为先的心态行事。第二，中国公司的决策过程耗时冗长。这是因为大部分中国公司遵循者一种“先自上而下、后自下而上、再自上而下”的决策原则，各个层次上的许多人士都会介入决策过程。而美国公司通常是由最高管理人士的快速决策运作。我希望在华的美国商人理解这些商务活动中的差异，适应中国人的经营之道。 The American way of doing business often strikes us Chinese as very aggressive. Were you aware of this in your collaboration With your Chinese colleagues?

美国式的经营之道在我们中国人看来往往显得咄咄逼人。您在与中国同事的合作中有没有注意到这一点？ Well, we are more direct and straightforward than most Chinese, I would say, due to our different cultural traditions. I notice that a lot of Chinese often avoid saying a clear ―no‖ just to be polite. Sometimes my Chinese colleagues say ―yes‖ not to express agreement, but only to show that they are listening.

这个嘛，我我认为，由于我们有着不同的文化传统，所以我们同大部分中国人相比，显得较为直截了当、开门见山。我注意到许多中国人出于礼貌而经常不明确的说一声“不”。有时我的中国同事道一声“是”，这可布什表示赞同，只是表明他们在注意对方说话而已。

It is important for all of us to acknowledge and respect these cultural differences in order to avoid misunderstandings, isn‘t it?

我们都应该承认这些文化差异，尊重这些差异，以免产生误解，这很重要，不是吗？

Yes, understanding these differences, I believe, will be a first step toward establishing affirm business relationship between American and Chinese companies.

是的，我认为，理解这些差异是朝着在没够公司和中国公司之间建立稳固商务关系的方向迈出的第一步。 You mentioned the Chinese type of decision-making process earlier. Do you see any strength with this type of management and how do you compare it with the American type of management、

刚才您提到了中国式的决策过程，您认为这种管理模式有无优点？将其与美国式的管理模式相比，你有何看法？

I would say the American-type, or the top-down, management emphasizes efficiency, and competition among workers, while the Chinese-type management gives priority to careful planning and encourages cooperation among workers, and between workers and the management. Thus, while the American-type management often frustrates many workers, the Chinese-type management gives workers a joy of participation and fulfillment, and a sense of pride in their work. 我感到美国式的自上而下的管理方式注重效率，注重员工间的竞争。而中国式的管理方式的特点就是，优先考虑周密的计划，鼓励员工间的合作，鼓励员工与管理层之间的合作。因此，美国是的管理方式常常使许多员工感到沮丧，而中国式的管理方式能使员工有一种喜悦的参与感和成就感，对自己的工作抱一种自豪感。 Talking about worker‘s attitude toward their work, how do the Chinese and the American differ in this respect? 谈到员工的工作态度，中国人和美国人在这方面有何不同?

I think most Chinese view work as essential for having membership in a community. They believe that work allows them to have the sense of belonging in a community. In other words, work is necessary for them to gain social acceptance in the society. That is why many Chinese managers and employees work so hard to maintain their

positions in their companies. Also, they see work as the most important thing in life. That is, they have tried to find the meaning of life through their jobs. While the Chinese work ethic is based on social pressure and community belonging, the American work ethic seems to be more individual oriented. Traditionally, we work because it is the will of the God, and we often value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process. By the way, I‘m very impressed by the obvious strong sense of dedication of the jobs among the older Chinese employees.

我认为，大多数中国人将工作视为能使自己成为整个团体中的一分子的必不可缺的条件。中国人相信，工作是自己有了团体归属感。换言之，中国人为了得到社会的认可，必须工作。这就是为何许多中国经历和员工会努力工作以保住自己在公司的职位的原因。中国人还将工作视为生活中最重要的大事。也就是说，他们想从工作中找到生活的意义。中国人的工作观建筑在社会压力和团体归属感的基础上，而美国人的工作观则有更强的个体取向性。我们一向认为，我们工作是秉承了上帝的意志，我们对工作成果的重视常常高于对工作过程的重视。复发is，年龄较大的中国员工对自己的工作有一种明显的奉献精神，我对此有很深的印象。 Returning to where we started, how do you comment on the merits and demerits of the two different approaches to business management?

回到我们一开始的话题，您如何评价中美两种不同经营之道的利弊呢?

It is difficult to decide which is better than which, because there are some merits and demerits to both types of management. My suggestion is that people of both countries should learn from each other. I will say that in recent years, the merits of the Chinese way, or rather , the Oriental way, of management are beginning to be recognized by an Oriental way of our American industries.

很难判断孰优孰劣，因为这两种经营方式各有自己的长处与短处。我希望两国人民应该相互学习，取长补短。应该说近年来中国人的经营方式，更确切的说是东方人的经营方式，开始为越来越多的西方人所认识。东方人的这种人情味更浓的经营方式似乎给我们美国差业界的管理人士以颇多的启迪。 谢谢！谢谢您接受我的采访。 Thank you for sharing your time with me. 新的长征 主席先生：

我谨代表我在座的所有同事，对你们那独有的、著称于世的宽带表示感谢。我不仅要特别感谢为我们准备晚宴的人们，而且还要特别感谢演奏优美音乐的人们。

On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world. I particularly want to pay contribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music. 我们在中国度过了十分愉快的时光，我很高兴我的访问能在如此融洽的气氛中结束。

These have been very pleasant days in China, and I‘m happy that my visit should conclude in such a congenial atmosphere.

主席先生，我要感谢您那热情洋溢、慷慨陈词的演讲。此时此刻，许多人正在通过神奇的电讯设备倾听着我们的讲话。然而，我们这里所说的话很快便会被人们遗忘。但是，我们在这里所做的事却能改变世界。 Mr. President, I wish to thank you for your very gracious and eloquent remarks. At this very moment through the wonder of telecommunications, many people are hearing what we say today. Yet, what we say here will not be long remembered. But what we do here can change the world.

所以，让我们沿着通往共同目标的不同道路，一起开始新的长征。这个目标就是建设一个和平与正义的世界，在这个世界里所有人都可以站在一起享有同等的尊严，所有国家不论其大小，都有权决定自己的政府形式，选择自己的发展道路，而不受外来干涉或统治。

So, let us start a long march together on different roads leading to the same goal, the goal of building a world structure of peach and justice in which all may stand together with equal dignity and in which each nation, lager or small, has a

right to determine its own form of government, its own course of development, free of outside interference or domination.

我国的社会制度和政治制度在许多方面都与贵国的社会制度和政治制度不同。这是我们不同的经历和不同的传统造成的。我们的制度并不总是带来大家都赞同的结果。人们有时会抱怨这种制度、批评这种制度。但是这种制度根深蒂固，已成为我国人民的意识与行为本能。我们不想把自己的思想意识强加于人。我们认为，有着不同政治制度和社会制度的人们和平相处是正确而又必要的。我们没有用同一种模式来评价当今世界的方方面面——由于我们有着截人=然不同的历史、地理和文化，很难想象我们会对所有问题都有一只的看法——但是我们彼此一致认为，世界和平是我们的基本需求，各国决定自己的命运、规划自己的未来也同样使我们的基本需求。

We have a social and political system which differs in many respects from your own. It is the result of different experiences and a different tradition. This system of ours does not always produce results of which we all approve. People sometimes grumble at it and criticize it. But it is a political system deeply rooted in the instincts of our people. We do not aim to impose our own ideas on other people. We believe that it is right and necessary that people with different political and social systems should live side by side. We do not assess in identical fashion all aspect of

today‘s world—with our distinct histories, geographies and cultures it is inconceivable that we could see eye to eye on all issues—but we do agree on the fundamental need for world peace, and the equally fundamental need for all countries to determine their own fate and design their own future. 世界注视着我们，世界倾听着我们，世界拭目以待我们的作为。 The world watches. The world listens. The world waits to see what we will do.

我们要留给下一代什么遗产呢？他们是注定要痛苦地死于曾肆虐就世界的仇恨之中呢，还是一位我们曾有的缔造新世界的远见而必将要愉快地生活呢？

What legacy shall we leave our children? Are they destined to die painfully for the hatreds which have plagued the old world, or are they destined to live joyfully because we had the vision to build a new world? 时不我待，这是一个攀登崇高理想、创造更美好的新世界的时刻。

This is the hour. This is the day for us to rise to the heights of greatness which can build a new and better world. 本着这种精神，我敬请各位与我一起举杯，让我们为能够结合世界人民带来有益与和平的我们两国人民之间的友谊与合作而干杯。

In that spirit, I ask all of you present to join me in raising your glasses to the friendship and cooperation of our two peoples which can lead to friendship and peach for all peoples in the world. 开幕祝词

我宣布“亚太地区市民社会与文化多样性天津国际论坛”现在正式开幕。

May I hereby declare open ―Tianjin Forum on Civil Society and Cultural Pluralism in the Asia-Pacific Region‖. 首先，请允许我代表论坛的筹委会，向今天参加开幕的天津市政府领导、社会团体的领导、社区工作者协会的代表，以及社会各界的来宾，表示热烈的欢迎！同时向来自加拿大、澳大利亚、英国以及世界其他国家和地区的朋友们表示热烈的欢迎。加拿大温哥华兰格拉社区学院和澳大利亚塔拉特罗布大学市民社会研究所对这次国际论坛的成功举办给予了很大的帮助，对此我谨致以诚挚的谢意。

First of all, permit me, on behalf of the organizing committee of the forum, to extend our warm welcome to the leaders of the Tianjin Municipal Government, leaders of social organizations, representatives of the Community Social Workers‘ Association and guests from Canada, Australia, the UK, as well as thanks to the Langara Community College of Vancouver, Canada, and Civil Society Research Institute of Latrobe university， Australia, whose generous help has made possible the successful commencement of this forum.

女士们、先生们，日新月异的信息技术给我们带来了知识结构与内容的更新与革命，而全球化的浪潮更是波及人类生活的每一个层面，改变着我们局限于种族、地区与国家的传统思维方式。社会的发展与进步也越来