2014年福建专升本（博迪专升本）大学英语语法资料

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3) Nowhere will you find the answer to the question. 4) Only in this way can we learn English well. 5) Not only was Churchill a statesman, but also a poet. 6) Seldom has he written to her recently.

6. 当下列表示否定意义的介词短语位于句首时，句子要倒

装：

at not time(任何时候也不), in no case（任何情况下也不）, by no means（完全不是，一点也不，绝不）, in no way（怎样也不）, on no consideration（怎么也想不到） 例如：

1) In no case are you to leave your post.

2) On no consideration can we lose our confidence.

3) In no way could I persuade her to see the foolishness of her plan.

4) At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.

7. 当句首为here, there, now, then, hence 而谓语为be, go, come等动词，且主语是名词（词组）而非代词时，句子要倒装。 例如：

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1) There goes the bell. (铃响了。)

2) Hence comes the name laser. (由此得出激光这个名称。) 3) Then came the order to start. 4) Now is your turn.

5) Here is the book you want.

Lecture 3 Relative Clause (定语从句)

定语从句风味限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句两种。 限定性定语从句

在限定性定语从句中，定语从句和它所修饰的先行词所指意义之间的联系不可分割，若少了它，则不能表达完整意义。 例如：

Teaching is the most difficult of the various ways that /which I have attempted to earn my living. 非限定性定语从句

非限定性定语从句和它的先行词之间的联系则较松散，知识对先行词提供一些补充说明。因此，若省去该从句，不至于影响先行词所指的主要意义。它和主句之间常用都好分开， 引导词不可用that, 常用关系代词which, who, as 以及关系副词when和where引导。

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例如：

1) We will put off the sports meet until next week, when the weather may be better.

2) In 1956, he came to Shanghai, where he has lived ever since. 3) The book, which was published many years ago, remains a best seller today.

4) Some of the road were flooded, which made our journey very difficult.

5) As has been stated, metals have many good properties(性能). 1. 带前置词的定语从句

前置词（常为介词）通常放在which, whom 等引导的定语从句之前。 例如：

1) The farmer uses wood to build a house in which they store grains.

2) This is the question about which they have had so much discussion in the past few weeks.

注：关系代词that，关系副词when，where等都不可以放在前置词后面做其宾语。

2. 名词（代词或数词）+of+whom/which 表示部分与整体关系

先行词指人时，用名词+of+whom; 先行词指物时，用名

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词+of+which;

例如：

1) The class consists of 45 students, 12 of whom come from the South.

2) There are many forms of energy, one of which is atomic energy.

3) I found my students there, most of whom were boys.

3. whose 引导的定语从句

Whose既可以指人，也可以指物，在从紧中做定语，表示所属关系。 例如：

1) I saw some trees whose leaves were black with disease. 2) A teacher is a person whose duty is to teach.

3) The building whose windows were all painted green is our library.

4. 只能用that和who引导的定语从句

当all, nothing, anything, everything, a few, one 等不定代词做先行词指物时，或先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时，只能用that而不能用which，并常省略。而当先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody时，后面要

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