广西在职研究生同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语试卷和参考答案

against a darker, leafy background. This difference in brightness explains why a yellow flower stands out from green leaves on a black and white photo. To test this idea, researchers at Lund University in Sweden trained nocturnal elephant hawkmoths(豆天蛾)to pick out yellow or blue artificial flowers from eight other flowers of varying shades of grey. They then made moths perform the trick in conditions as dark as a starry but moonless night.

The researchers expected the moths to do badly, but to their surprise the insects picked the correct flower 90 per cent of the time. But the moths could not distinguish between lighter and darker shades of a coloured flower, even though they could still tell both from grey. \tells us it's not a brightness-related cue,” says Almut Kelber, the sensory biologist leading the Lund team. \光谱的)composition of the signals—which we call colour.\

The moths use three separate colour receptors: blue, green and ultraviolet. At night, that leaves so little light per receptor that the insects should be almost blind. But hawkmoths have a host of adaptations to compensate. One is a mirror-like structure at the base of the eye, which reflects the light across the photoreceptors for a second time. The structure of the compound eye also allows each facet to supplement the light that strikes it with light from as many as 600 others.

Kelber suspects that many other insects, and some higher animals, also use colour vision at night. She plans to look for the ability in nocturnal frogs and toads that use colour to choose their mate. \there are just as many colours as during the day.\

55. Which of the following might be the most appropriate title for this passage?

A How animals see things at night.

B Moth—the only creature to see things at night. C Moths use color to see flowers at night. D How many colors can moths see at night.

56. Why does yellow flower stand out from green leaves on a black and white photo?

A Because it is brighter.

B Because it receives more focus. C Because it is more beautiful. D Because it has petals.

57. Which of the following did the researchers find according to paragraph 4?

A Moths could only pick out real flowers, not the artificial ones. B Moths picked out the correct flowers by their brightness.

C Moths couldn't tell the difference between blue flowers and gray flowers. D Moths picked out the correct flowers by their color.

58. Which of the following insect is different from others at night?

A frog B toad C hawkmoth D bee

59. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

A Moths are blind insects at daytime.

B Moths use their color receptors only at night.

C Moths have special structure at the base of the eye. D Moths can see color only at night.

60. Kelber believes that nocturnal frogs and toads ______.

A belong to higher animals B use color to attract mates C are of many different colors D are unable to see color at night

Part IV Cloze(15 minutes,15 points,1 for each)

Directions:In this part,there is a passage with 15 blanks.For each blank there are 4 choices marked A,B,C,and D.Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

Inflation is a period of rapid rises in prices. When your money buys fewer goods so that you get (61) for the same amount of money as before, inflation is the problem. Sometimes people describe inflation as a time when \is not (62) a dollar anymore\

Inflation is a problem for all consumers, especially people who live on a fixed income. Retired people, for instance, cannot (63) on an increase in income as prices rise. They face serious problems in stretching their incomes to (64) their needs in time of inflation. Many retired people must cut their spending to (65) rising prices. In many cases they must stop (66) some necessary items, such as food and clothing. Even (67) working people whose incomes are going up, inflation can also be a problem. The (68) of living goes up, and they must have even more money to maintain their standard of living. When incomes do not keep (69) with rising prices, living standard goes down. People may be earning the same amount of money, but they are not living (70) because they are not able to buy as many goods and services.

Government units gather information about prices in our economy and publish it as price indexes from (71) the rate of price change can be determined. A price index measures changes in prices using the price for a (72) year as the base. The base price is set (73) 100, and the other prices are reported as a (74) of the base price. A price index makes (75) possible to compare current price with that in previous years.

percentage cost given as well

count buying at less worth to keep up with pace which it meet

61. less 62. worth 63. count 64. meet 65. keep up with 66. buying 67. to 68. cost 69. pace 70. as well 71. which 72. given 73. at 74. percentage 75. it

Paper Two

Part Ⅰ Translation Section A

Translate the following passage into Chinese．

76. Cancer has emerged as a major killer in several newly industrialized countries and is striking more people in areas of developing world where it was hardly known before, the World Health Organization (WHO) said. Although the risk of cancer will stabilize, if not decline, in industrialized countries by 2025, developing countries will suffer increasing rates of the disease, the WHO said in an extensive report on the world's state of health. Cancer caused 12 percent of the 52 million deaths worldwide in 1997 and was the third leading killer after infectious and parasitic diseases and coronary and heart disease.

据世界卫生组织报道，癌症已成为新兴工业化国家居民的主要杀手。越来越多发展中国家的人民也成为其受害者。而他们以前几乎从不知道这种病。世界卫生组织在一篇关于世界健康状况的详细报告中说，尽管到2025年，在工业化国家里的癌症患者率即使不会下降也会趋于稳定，但是，发展中国家的癌症患病率会呈现攀升趋势。该报告说，1997年全世界死亡人数为5200万人，其中癌症致死的占12%。癌症成为仅次于传染寄生物引起的疾病和心脏病的第三大杀手。

Section B

Translate the following passage into English．

77. 书籍记载了我们人类的历史和迄今所有的发现，以及各个时代积累下来的知识和经验；

它们描述了自然界的奇妙和美丽。当我们身处困境时，书籍给我们以帮助；当我们蒙难悲伤时，书籍给我们以慰藉；当我们困倦疲惫时，书籍让我们快乐起来。

Books contain the history of our race, the discoveries we have made, the accumulated knowledge and experience of ages; they picture' for us the marvels and beauties of nature, help us in our difficulties, comfort us in sorrow and in suffering, change hours of weariness into moments of delight.

Part Ⅱ Writing

For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words．Your composition should be based on the following two questions after you have read the story given in Chinese.

78. Outline:1．描述图表中美国家庭能源使用、的数字说明。

2．提出你对美国家庭能源使用问题的建议以及开发利用新能源的看法。

This is a circle graph of the energy used in American families.

From the circle, we can see that space heating takes up the most energy consumption, it

accounts for 48 % of the total amount of energy. The second largest portion of energy(18%)is used for lighting, cooking, and running appliances. This is followed by water heating which expends 14% of the total. Refrigeration almost ranks the same as water heating, which is 13% of the whole amount of energy use. Among these energy consumption items, space cooling comes up to be the lowest, 7% of the whole. This circle shows that the largest portion of energy is spent on space heating. This puts us into deep thinking.

If we can find ways other than the present regular energy sources to supply family need for energy, then we can save up the traditional energy sources such as coal, electricity, wood, etc. Solar energy might be a good answer to this problem. Therefore, more efforts should be made and