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从句作宾语
宾语从句需要注意的要点：
1. 语序，宾语从句中必须为陈述语序（判断正误）
Do you know why winter is colder than summer? (T) I don’t know what is he talking about. (F) I don’t know what he is talking about. (T)
2. 引导词，that， if/whether， where/ what…
Eg：She said (that) she would help me.
I don’t know whether/if our English teacher will come. *We are not sure whether it was a good idea or not. I don’t know what I should do for the final exam
3. 时态宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应。
? 主句是现在或将来时态时，从句可用任何所需要的时态。
? 主句是过去时态时，从句要用表示过去的相应的时态。但从句表达的是客观
规律或真理时，用一般现在时。如：
He said he had finished his studies when the war broke out.他说战争爆发时，他已经完成了学业。
He said he would spend his holiday in Dalian.他说他将在大连度假。 She said that the earth moves around the sun.她说地球围绕太阳转。
4.形式宾语如宾语从句有自己的宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句后置
We think it important that we should master at least one foreign language.我们认为掌握至少一门外语是重要的
5. 否定转移当主句的谓语动词为think, believe, suppose等动词,且主语为第一人称时,从句的否定要转移到主句上。例如: I don’t believe he is here on time, is he?
I don’t think Tom is the best student in his class, is he?
Translation：
1..你能告诉我我们今天下午将在哪儿开会吗?
Can you tell me__where we are going to have the meeting？ 2. 我那时不知道他明天是否会来
I didn't know _if he would come the next day . 3.让我们假设，有一天这事发生在你身上。
1. Let’s suppose (that) _this happens to you someday. 4.老师告诉我们光比声音的传播速度更快
2. Our teacher told us __that light travels faster than sound.
For example:
He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby. 他说他会去照看这个婴儿
The teacher told us(that) nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.老师告诉我们世上无难事只怕有心人。
实战演练
1.I am not sure ___ Lily will come here or not. A.whetherB.that C. weather D. why
2. I feel like __________ a long walk. Would you like _________ with me ? A. taking; going B. to take; going C. taking; to go D. to take; to go
3. Don’t forget __________ the letter for me when you pass by the post office. A. post B. to post C. posted D. posting
4. You should keep on _________ English every day in order to improve it.
A. to practise to speak B. to practise speaking C. practising to speak D. practising speaking
5. Do you still remember __________ to your hometown ten years ago? A. taken B. to take C. to be taken D. being taken
6. I should say sorry to him. I regret ___________ to help him that day. A. refusing B. to refuse C. refused D. refuse
7. We found _______ important to learn English well. A. that B this C. it D. one
8. I am very sorry. I didn’t mean _________________. A. hurting your feeling B. to hurt your feeling C. hurt your feeling D. being hurt
9.The police wanted to know ___this time yesterday?
A.where were you B.what you were doing C.who is with you D.what you are doing
10. I don’t believe she would make such a mistake,____________. A. do I ? B would she? C doesn’t she? D did she?
Multiple choices
1-5 ACBDD 5-10 ACBBB
名词性从句：动名词
一．动名词作主语的几种类型
1. 直接位于句首做主语
Talking mends no holes. (谚) 空谈无济于事。 Seeingis believing. 眼见为实。
2. 用 it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语
注意：有时可用先行词it作主语，而把动名词主语放到后面去，作表语的可以是形容词（a），也可以是名词（b）。
a． 形容词：better，wonderful，enjoyable，interesting，foolish，difficult，
useless，senseless，worthwhile，等。
important，essential，necessary 等形容词不能用于上述结构。
b． 名词： “It is no/little use...”，“It is no good...”，“It is fun...”，“It is a waste
of time...” “It is worthwhile ...” 等句型。 It isfun playing with children.和孩子们一起玩真好。 It isno use crying over split milk.覆水难收 3. 用于“There be”结构中
动名次可用于“There be”句型中，例如：there’s no…; there’s no point in…; there’s nothing worse than…; what’s theuse/point...
There is no saying when he'll come.很难说他何时回来。
There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑的。 4. 用于布告形式的省略结构中 例如：
No spitting. 禁止吐痰。
No parking. 禁止停车。 5. 动名词的复合结构作主语
当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构 (这时，名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语)。 注意: 动名词复合结构在句首作主语时, 其中的物主代词不能用人称代词宾格，名词所有格不能用名词普通格来代替。 例如：
Mary’s (不可用Mary) being ill made her mother upset. 玛丽病了，使她妈妈很着急。
His (不可用Him)smoking made his family angry 他抽烟使他一家人非常生气。 二．动名词作宾语的几种类型 1. 作动词的宾语
某些动词或动词词组后只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：admit, appreciate, advise, allow, avoid, be/get used to, consider, cannot help, defer, delay, deny, excuse, enjoy, escape, fancy, feel like, finish, forgive, give up,imagine, look forward to, mind, miss,object to, permit, put off, practice, pardon, postpone, prevent, risk,resist, stand, suggest, set about, succeed in, worry about
等。 例如：
Do you mind mailingthis letter for me? 你介意替我寄这封信吗？
Mark often attempts toescape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
每当马克违反交通规则时，他常常企图逃避罚款的处分。 2. 作介词的宾语
Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work?我们休息呢还是开始干活？
He was notaccustomed to associatingwith such people. 他不习惯和这类人交往。
3. 作形容词的宾语
The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这种曲子很值得多听几遍。
We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet. 我们正为马上到来的运动会忙着做准备。 4. 动名词复合结构做宾语 在口语中，如果动名词复合结构作宾语，其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格，名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替。如： Would you mind my/me usingyour computer? 你介意我用下你的电脑吗？
The father insisted on his son’s/his son goingto college. 爸爸坚决要求儿子上大学。
注意: 在下列情况下动名词的逻辑主语必须用名词的普通格或人称代词宾格：
a.无生命名词
Do you hearthe rain pattering on the roof?
你听见雨点打在屋顶上了吗？ b. 有生命名词但表示泛指意义
Have you ever heard ofwomen practicing boxing? 你听说过妇女练拳击吗？
c.两个以上的有生命名词并列
Do you remember your parents and me telling about this? 你记得你父母和我都告诉过你这事吗？
d．逻辑主语是指示代词或不定代词this, that , somebody , someone ,
nobody, none, anybody, anyone 时
She was woken up by somebody shouting outside. 她被外面喊叫的人吵醒了。 三、动名词作表语
动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词
性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。
Your task is cleaning the windows. (= Cleaning the windows is your task.) 你的任务就是擦窗户。
What I hate most is being laughed at.(= Being laughed at is what I hate most.)
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