一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时

教学内容 知识点一：一般现在时 【知识梳理】 (1)一般现在时的基本结构和变化 1.一般现在时的结构 ①be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。 e.g. I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 ②行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。一般现在时主要用动词的原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，则在动词原形后加\或\e.g. He gets up early in the morning. 2.否定句和疑问句的变化 ①be动词的变化： A.否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 He is not a worker.他不是工人。 B. 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 ---Are you a student? ---Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. C. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。Where is my bike? ②行为动词的变化： A.否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。I don't like bread./He doesn't like bread. B. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。 ---Do you often play football? --- Yes, I do. / No, I don't. --- Does she go to work by bike? --- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. C. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。How does your father go to work? （注意回顾动词第三人称单数形式变化规则） 一般情况下在词尾加s help→helps, clean→cleans, play→plays, wear→wears, give→gives; 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的动词在词尾加es dress→dresses, fix→fixes, watch→watches, finish→finishes;以“辅音字母加y”结尾的动词，把y变为i，再study→studies, carry→carries, fly→flies ） (2)一般现在时的用法 ?1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作或行为。常与always, sometimes, often, usually, never等副词连用。 e.g. I go to school every day except Saturdays and Sundays.My mother often gets up at 6 o’clock. 2.表示现在的状态，能力，性格，个性。e.g. My father teaches maths. Lin Yan dances well. 3.表示普遍真理或客观事实。e.g. The earth moves around the sun.The sun rises in the east. 【注意】此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。如：Our physics teacher said that light travels much faster than sound. 我们的物理老师说光的传播速度比声音的传播速度快得多，在时间、条件、比较等状语从句中，用现在时表示将来的动作，从句的谓语动词用一般现在时。 如：I will e-mail you as soon as I get to Beijing. 我一到北京就给你发邮件。 If you come this afternoon, we will have a meeting. 如果你今天下午能来，我们就开会。

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【例题精讲】 例1. ——Who is that lady? ——She’s Miss Green. She ____ us music, and she is so good. A. taught B. teaches C. will teach D. is teaching 例2.——I think I’ll take a bus to the meeting. ——The bus? If you ____, you will be late. A. do B. have done C. will do 例3. Unless the weather ____, we will have to cancel the picnic. A. improve B. improves C. improved D. will improve 例4.We don’t know if our friend ____. If he ____, we’ll let you know. A. comes; comes B. comes; will come C. will come; comes 例5. Our geography teacher told us that the earth ____ the sun. A. went around B. goes around C. is going around D. was going around 【课堂练习】 1. Look! A dog ____ a blind man across the road. A. leads B. lead C. is leading D. led 2. They usually ____ TV in the evening. A. watch B. will watch C. are watching D. watches 3. He hardly ____ up early． A. gets B. get C. doesn’t get D. don’t get 4. John ____ football. A. likes playing B. likes play C. like play 5. Frank usually ____ in touch with his primary school teachers by email. A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. will keep

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知识点二：一般过去时 【知识梳理】 (1)一般过去时的基本结构和变化 1. 定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。 2. 结构：“主语+动词的过去式” 3.句型转化： ①be 动词的过去时的句型如下： A. 否定句： 主语 + be动词的过去式（was, were）+ not? B. 疑问句： be动词的过去式（was, were）+ 主语 ?？ a. He was busy yesterday. (肯定句) 他昨天很忙。 b. He was not busy yesterday. (否定句) 他昨天不忙。 c. Was he busy yesterday? (疑问句) 他昨天忙吗？ d. There weren’t any boys in the room.房间里没有男孩儿。 e.g. There weren’t any boys in the room.房间里没有男孩儿。 Were there any boys in the room? 房间里有男孩儿吗？ ②行为动词的否定式和疑问式： A. 否定式：行为动词前加上did not或缩略式didn’t,并把这个行为动词改为动词原形。 a. I called Lin Tao yesterday afternoon. →I did not / didn’t call Lin Tao yesterday afternoon. b. I borrowed a book from Sun Yang last Sunday. B. 一般疑问式：若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式,那就得在句首加上一个助动词did来帮助提问,然后把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形,并在句末打上问号。回答时别忘了还用did。 a. We stayed there for 10 days last month. → Did you stay there for 10 days last month? Yes, we did. / No, we didn’t. b. Mary had a delicious dinner yesterday evening. → Did Mary have a delicious dinner yesterday evening? Yes, she did. / No, we didn’t. ? (2)规则动词的变化 一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加-ed。 以不发音字母e结尾的动词在词尾加-d。 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词，先变y为i，再在词尾加-ed。 重读闭音节动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写词尾的辅音字母，再在词尾加-ed。 watch → watched plant → planted like → liked move → moved study → studied carry → carried stop → stopped shop → shopped am / is → was are → were do → did 过去式（规则变化） 过去式(be动词) （不规则变化） (3)不规则动词的过去式和过去分词 第一组AAA 3

1. cost—cost—cost 2. cut—cut—cut 3. hit—hit—hit 4. let—let—let 5. put—put—put 6. set—set—set 7. read—read—read 第二组ABC 1. break—broke—broken 2. choose—chose—chosen 3. speak—spoke—spoken 4. steal—stole—stolen 5. wake—woke—woken 6. forget—forgot—forgotten 7.take—took—taken 8.give—gave—given 9.hide—hid—hidden 10. drive—drove—driven 11. write—wrote—written 12. rise—rose—risen 13. ride—rode—ridden 14. eat—ate—eaten 第三组ABC 1. know—knew—known 2. grow—grew—grown 3. throw—threw—thrown 4. fly—flew—flown 5. show—showed—shown 第四组ABB 1. build—built—built 2. burn—burnt—burnt 3. mean—meant—meant 4. lend—lent—lent 5. send—sent—sent 6. spend—spent—spent 第五组ABB 1. keep—kept—kept 2. sweep—swept—swept 3. sleep—slept—slept 4. leave—left—left 5. feel—felt—felt 6. smell—smelt—smelt 7. lose—lost—lost 8. learn—learnt—learnt (learned—learned) 9. get—got—got 10. do—did—done 11. go—went—gone 第六组ABB 1. make—made—made 2. hear—heard—heard 3. have—had—had 4. bring—brought—brought 5. find—found—found 6.buy—bought—bought 7. think—thought—thought 8. teach—taught—taught 第七组 ABB 1. dig—dug—dug 2. lead—led—led 3. hold—held—held 4. meet—met—met 5. say—said—said 6. pay—paid—paid 7. win—won—won 8. sell—sold—sold 9. tell—told—told 10. stand—stood—stood 11. understand—understood—understood 12. sit—sat—sat 13. wear—wore—worn 第八组ABC 1. begin—began—begun 2. swim—swam—swum 3. sing—sang—sung 4. ring—rang—rung 5. drink—drank—drunk 6. come—came—come 7. become—became—become 8. see—saw—seen 9. run—ran—run 11. lie—lay—lain—lying（躺） 12. lie—lied—lied—lying（说慌）13. lay—laid—laid(放) (4)一般过去时的用法 ①表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，常与明确的时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last week (month, year...), ago, just now, at the age of?, in 1980等连用。如： At the age of ten, she began to learn to play the piano. 十岁的时候，她开始学弹钢琴。 ②表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如： When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 当我是个孩子的时候，我经常在街上踢足球。 4