2018年高考英语江苏专用考前三个月文档：专题三 阅读理解 第三步 题型突破（一）

题型突破(一) 细节理解之事实判断题

A

(2017·前黄高级中学一模)

Discovering Tasmania

The island of Tasmania is separated from mainland Australia by the Bass Strait.The island is a place of natural beauty and has more than 2,000 km of walking tracks and 18 national parks.If you go on a tour，you’ll discover a wild and beautiful place where the people are friendly and the food is delicious.If you don’t like walking，there are other tours you can choose from including a river cruise and cycling.You can also combine your tour with fishing，sailing or sunbathing on the beach.

One of the most incredible places to walk is along the Tarkine coast which is located in the northwest of Tasmania.It’s such a wild and remote area that you can easily complete your walk without seeing anyone apart from the members of your group and your two guides.The area contains the largest temperate rainforest in Australia which is home to more than 50 endangered species.It is also home to many Aboriginal Heritage Sites.Your guides will provide you with plenty of information about the area as you complete that part of your tour.During your tour，you’ll come across rivers，mountain ranges，spectacular waterfalls，wildlife and long wild beaches.It will be an experience you won’t easily forget.

Tour Itinerary： Day 1：

You’re picked up from your hotel in the town of Launceston and driven to the Tarkine.You then complete a three-hour walk through the forest before arriving at your camp at Mystery Creek.There you will enjoy a delicious meal cooked by your guides.

Day 2：

After breakfast，you continue deeper into the rainforest，passing some of the tallest trees in the

1

world as you go，and stopping for lunch and then camp in the evening.

Day 3：

The highlight of today’s hike is the Tarkine Falls，a beautiful 15-metre waterfall. Day 4：

Today you can stay at the camp and bathe in the Tarkine Falls，or you can go for a day hike for more fantastic views of the forest.

Day 5：

After a last hike through the forest，you are picked up at about 4：00 pm and you arrive in Launceston at around 7：00 pm.

The tour includes two professional guides，transport to and from the rainforest，all food while on the tours and all safety equipment.You should buy or hire recommended camping equipment including：backpacks，sleeping bags，sleep mats，head torches，rain coats and trousers. 语篇解读 文章介绍了塔斯马尼亚岛的概况及旅游路线和安排。

1．A tourist to the island can .

A．cycle along the Tarkine coast and through the forest B．buy or hire as much camping equipment as possible C．go for a day hike for more fantastic views on Day 5 D．choose to make a sailing tour of the place for pleasure 答案 D

解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“If you don’t like walking，there are other tours you can choose from including a river cruise and cycling.You can also combine your tour with fishing，sailing or sunbathing on the beach.”可知，如果你去了这个岛屿，你可以选择航行。故选D。 2．From the passage we know that .

A．people will walk hours in all the five days during the tour B．many species in danger are protected in the national parks C．it takes about three hours to drive from Launceston to Tarkine D．the tour provides guides，accommodation and safety equipment 答案 C

2

解析 细节理解题。根据Day 5中的“After a last hike through the forest，you are picked up at about 4：00 pm and you arrive in Launceston at around 7：00 pm.”可知，开车从Launceston到Tarkine，将花费大约三个小时的时间。故选C。

B

(2017·江苏六校联考)

The tree people in The Lord of the Rings—the Ents—can get around by walking.But for real trees，well，it’s harder to uproot.“Because it’s a sessile organism，literally，rooted into the ground，it is unable to leave and go elsewhere.” says Mario Pesendorfer，a behavioral ecologist at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology.“When a tree first starts growing in a certain area，it’s likely that the climatic envelope，so the temperature，humidity，soil composition and so on suits it，because it would otherwise be unable to grow from a seedling.But as it ages，these conditions may change and the area around it may no longer be suitable for its offspring.”

And if that happens？Walnuts，hazelnuts，chestnuts，oaks，pines—many rely exclusively on so-called “scatter-hoarders”，like birds，to move their hefty seeds to new locales.Many members of the family Corvidae—the crows，jays and magpies—are scatter-hoarders，meaning they like to store food for the winter，which they then subsequently retrieve.

Or not.And when they do forget something，a seedling has a chance to grow，sometimes a good distance away.The Clark’s nutcracker，which is found in alpine regions of western North America，is definitely the rock star among the scatter-hoarding corvids.They hide up to 100,000 seeds per year，up to 30 kilometers away from the seed source，and have a very close symbiotic relationship with several pine species，most notably the whitebark pine.

Pesendorfer and his colleagues catalogue the seed-scattering activities of the Clark’s nutcracker and its cousins in a new review paper，in the journal The Condor：Ornithological Applications.They also write that，as trees outgrow their ideal habitats in the face of climate change，or battle new insects and disease，these flying ecosystem engineers could be a big help replanting trees.“It’s a solution，” Pesendorfer says，“that’s good for us—getting birds to do the work is cheap and effective—and it could give vulnerable oaks and pines the option to truly ‘make like a tree and leave’．”

语篇解读 本文主要阐述了鸟类可以帮助树木应对气候变化，实现迁移。

3

3．According to the article，what makes birds help trees move from one place to another? A．They want to make the environment better for survival. B．They want to change the trees into another kind. C．They want to store the nuts for winter survival. D．They are forced to help trees to survive. 答案 C

解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...are scatter-hoarders，meaning they like to store food for the winter，which they then subsequently retrieve.”和第三段中的“Or not.And when they do forget something，a seedling has a chance to grow，sometimes a good distance away.”可知，鸟类贮藏种子过冬有助于树木的迁移。故选择C。

4．What does the underlined word “outgrow” in the last paragraph mean? A．Growing in a better way. B．Being forced to give up. C．Making changes to.

D．Finding a mysterious way to survive. 答案 B

解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“their ideal habitats in the face of climate change，or battle new insects and disease...”及第三段中的“a seedling has a chance...distance away”“up to 30 kilometers away from the seed source”可知，由于气候变化和鸟类在种子原产地之外的地方贮藏种子过冬，树木会在它们理想的生存环境之外生长，也就是说树木会被迫放弃它们理想的生存环境，故选B项。 5．What is the best title of this passage?

A．Birds May Help Trees Cope with Climate Change B．Birds Rely on Nuts to Survive C．Trees Help Fight Air Pollution D．Birds Make Trees in Danger 答案 A

解析 标题归纳题。文章主要阐述了鸟类在帮助树木应对气候变化，实现迁移的过程中起到的作用，因此最佳标题为A。

C

4