新概念英语第二册笔记1-20

因此, 他觉得这次旅行非常激动人心. 【课文讲解】

1、I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.

同位语：一个名词（或短语等）与另一个名词（或短语）并列而作为其说明或限定成分时称为同位语。 同位语与它所补充说明的成分之间用逗号隔开。

在译成汉语时，同位语或者插入主句中，或者另译为一句，很少像英语中那样用逗号隔开。 This is John, one of my best friends. 这位是约翰。他是我最好的朋友之一。

Mrs. Smith, my neighbore, has never been abroad. 我的邻居史密斯夫人从来没有出过国。 2、He has been there for six months. one month；two months 注意读音

I have arrived in Beijing. （arrive 是瞬间动词不能和段时间连用） has been + in 地点

He has been in Beijing for one year. He has been in America for tow years.

3、He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in

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Australia.

work for 在??上班/任职，强调 work I am working for a school.

work in 强调地点（在哪个地方上班） I am working in the New Oriental school. work at 上班

She works at a department store.

a number of 后面一定要加可数名词复数；通常 number 前有 great，large，good，small，certain 等形容 词，数量大小也随之改变。a great number of 类似于, 约等于 a lot of； A large/great number of our students are Danish.

There are a small number of spelling mistakes in your homework. a lot of 可加可数名词也可加不可数名词 I have a lot of friends

I have a great number of friends.

4、He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. has gone to 去了某地没回来

has been to 曾经去过某地, 现在不在那个地方 Have you been to Paris?

5、From there, he will fly to Perth. from there:从那地方起

from 即可以加时间又可以加地点 from half past 8 to half past 11 from Beijing to Tianjing fly to Perth = go to Perth by air

6、My brother has never been abroad before, so he is fending this trip very exciting. before 在句子后是副词, 译为“在此之前” ，是现在完成时态的标志

find 作“发现” 、“发觉”讲时宾语往往带补足语（一般为形容词） ，说明宾语的状况、性质等。 find +宾语+形容词做宾补 find the room clean find her happy

be finding 在口语中经常使用 I'm finding... . . We‘re finding... ...

下面表示状态、 感觉、 情绪、 精神活动的动词不可用于进行时： believe， doubt， see， hear， know， understand，

belong，think，consider，feel，look，seem，show，mind，have，sound，taste，require，possess，care，like， hate，love，detest，desire

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【Key structures】 现在完成

现在完成时表示动作现存的结果，或者过去发生的事对现在的影响。常与现在完成时连用的副词和副 词短语：before (now)（以前） ；it‘s the first tiem（第一次） ；so for（到目前为止） ；so far this morning（到上

午为止） ；up to now（直到现在） ；up to the present（直到目前） ；just（刚刚） ；recently（最近） ；already（已

经） ；lately（最近） ；now（现在） ；for 一段时间；since+时间；still（还；仍） ；at last（终于） ；finally（最

终） ；疑问句和否定句中常用 ever，yet，never，not…ever 等。 I‘ve planted fourteen rose bushes so far this morning.

I have lived here for several years now and I‘ve made many new friends since I have lived here.

现在完成时还可和表示频度的副词连用，表示反复和习惯性动作，如 often（经常） ，frequently（屡次） ， three times（三次）等。

I‘ve watched him on TV several times. 【Multiple choice questions】

3 Tim is in Australia. He went ___a___ Australia six months ago. a. to b. in c. at d. into

at… 表示位置 （be at 是典型表示位置的介词短语）

go to… 只要有 to 这个感念, 它的后面一定要有宾语, go to the theater go in… (in 做副词)很少加宾语 He went in.

go into… 有去向的动作, 还有进入的动作 go into the room

move 常用的意义是“动” 、“移动” ，在表达“搬家”这个意思时 move 可以单独使用，也可组成短语 move to，move into，move in，move out。 move in:搬进来

move to the new house:正在搬 move into :搬进去了 move out 搬走

Jack has moved out. John will move in the day after tomorrow. 4 Tim is in Australia. How long ___b___ there? a. is he b. has he been c. has he d. was he

how long...对段时间提问, 跟现在完成时相连 11 He will soon visit Darwin. He will visit Darwin＿c＿. a. quickly b. for a short time c. shortly d. in a hurry quickly 指的是动作上的快 He went quickly .

for a short time 不久, 表示动作延续一段时间

soon = shortly 不久以后, 表示在这段时间之后，强调的是时间上的快 in a hurry:匆忙的（指动作）

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Lesson 5 No wrong numbers

【New words and expressions】生词和短语（7） pigeon n. 鸽子 message n. 信息 cover v. 越过 distance n. 距离 request n. 要求，请求 spare part 备件 service n. 业务，服务 ★pigeon n. 鸽子

It's not my pigeon. ＝None of my business. 不关我的事。 ★message n. （口头或书面的）信息 Here is a message for you from your sister. an oral/written message 口信/便条 leave sb. a message 给??留便条 I'll leave you a message.

take a message for sb. 替某人捎口信

Can I take a message for you? 我能替你捎个口信吗? Can you take a message for me? 你能替我捎个口信吗? take a message to sb. 给某人口信 打电话 :

Hello!--àMay I have a word with Tom ?/May I speak with/to Tom? --àCan you take a message for me? information n. 信息（不可数） messenger n. 送信人，信使 ★cover v. 越过；覆盖 ① vt. 盖，覆盖

Snow covered the whole village.

She covered the child with a coat. 她给孩子盖了件外衣。 ② vt. 行过（一段距离） ，走过（通常不用被动语态） cover+距离 越过??

You can cover the distance to the museum in ten minutes.

③ n. 覆盖物，盖子，罩子，套子 Put a cover on the box! ★distance n. 距离 keep distance 保持距离

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distant adj.远距离的 Can I share this table? Can I join you?

importance n. 重要 important adj. 重要的 difference n. 不同 different adj. 不同的 ★request n. 要求, 请求 ① n.

request for 对??有请求, 有需求 I have a request for the cake.

He granted my request for more time. 他同意了我延长时间的请求。 She sent a request for help to Gary. 她向加里请求帮助。 ② v. 要求, 请求

request sb.to do sth. ＝ask sb.to do sth. 要求某人做?? require sb.to do sth. 要求某人做??

You are required/asked to do sth. （对人要求习惯用被动语态） ★spare adj. 备用的

① vt. 抽出（时间等） ，让给 Have you got five minutes to spare? I cannot spare the time. I have no time to spare. ② vt. 饶恕，赦免 The robbers spared his life. ?Share me!‘begged the prisoner.

③ adj. 多余的，空闲的，剩下的，备用的 You can sleep in the spare bedroom. Where can I get spare parts for this machine? I have no spare time now.

?Have you any old clothes that you do not want?‘ he asked. =?Have you any old clothes to spare?‘he asked. ★service n. 业务, 服务

service 作为不可数名词时通常用于表示旅馆、餐馆以及商店等对旅客、顾客等的侍候、接待或服务； 作为可数名词时可以表示为帮助他人所采取的行动或所做的工作。 The service in that hotel is quite good. You have done me a great service.

service 既可以指公用事业的业务，如：the mail service（邮政业务） 、the telephone service（电话业务） ； 也可指办这些业务的机构，如：a travel service（旅行社） 、a news service（通讯社）。 At your service. = Glad to be at your service. = I am glad to be at your service.