Unit 1 Festivals Around the World(B 3)

23.C。点拨：句意：当他到了美国，他惊奇地得知这个城市的市长原籍是中国。by nature，“天然地；天生地”；by origin，“原籍；籍贯”，由句意可知选C。

24. D。点拨：句意：网上的信息比报纸上的信息传播的快多了。that指代不可数名词information。故选D。

25. A。点拨：句意：我们一直在找房子，但还没找到一所我们喜爱的房子。one指代可数名词单数，且表示泛指。

26. B。点拨：one代替前面的a leader，作它的同位语。其后的句子为定语从句。

27. C。点拨：句意：若不是我的女儿那么忙，她会来帮你的。此处是与现在事实相反，故选C项。B项中的was不正确，改为were即可选。

28. A。点拨：本题考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他们将乘飞机去华盛顿，他们打算在那里呆两到三天。先行词为Washington, where在定语从句中作地点状语。

29. B。点拨：题干中宾语从句的主语the children带有定语从句who spend too much time in front of the TV。to spend作定语表将来，不符合语境。

30. B。点拨：句意：---暑假有什么打算？---去什么地方都行，只要有阳光、大海和沙滩就可以了。as long as，“只要”，引导条件状语从句；as if，“好像”；now that，“既然”；in order that，“为了”，都不符合语境，故选B。

Section 2 Learning About Language

重点知识精讲 一、重点单词

1. fool n. & vt. & vi. & adj. ⑴ n. 蠢人；傻瓜；白痴

What fools we were not to see the trap! 我们没有看出那是个陷阱，多么傻呀！ And I was fool enough to believe him. 而我却相信他，真够傻的了！ ⑵ vt. 欺骗；愚弄

You can’t fool me! 你休想骗我！

You are fooling yourself if you think none of this will affect you. 你要是认为此事一点也不会影响你，那就是欺骗自己。

⑶ vi. 干傻事；逗弄；开玩笑

Stop fooling about with that knife or someone will get hurt. 不要摆弄那把刀，会伤人的。 I was only fooling when I said I had lost your keys. 我说把你的钥匙丢了，只是逗你玩的。 ⑷ adj. 傻的；愚蠢的

That was a damn fool thing to do! 干那种事真傻！ 【知识拓展】foolish adj. 愚蠢的；傻的 be fool enough to do 笨到做??（的程度） feel like a fool 吃亏；上当

make a fool of sb. 愚弄/ 戏弄某人 make fool of oneself 闹笑话；出丑 play the fool 装傻；扮丑角

fool sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事

fool about/ around with sth. 说蠢话；干傻事（常为逗乐） fool around/ about 闲耍；虚度光阴 2. permission n. 允许；准许；同意

You have my permission to leave. 我准许你离开。

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You have my permission to take this? 你允许我拿这个吗？ 【知识拓展】permit v. 允许；许可；容许 n. 执照；许可证

permissive adj. 放纵的；纵容的 without permission 未经允许的

ask sb. for permission 请求某人准许

give sb. permission to do? 允许某人做?? 【辨析】permit与permission

① permit指“通行证；许可证；执照”，为可数名词。

You can’t park here without a parking permit. 没有停车许可证不允许在此停车。 ② permission指有批准权的人的口头“允许；许可”，为不可数名词。 She took the car without permission. 她未经许可擅自使用了汽车。

【注意】permit与allow都可用作及物动词，表示“允许”之意，用于下列结构： permit/ allow doing sth. 允许干某事

permit/ allow sb. to do sth 允许某人干某事 3. possibility n. ⑴ [U] 可能；可能性

The possibility of breaking the world record never occurred to him. 他从来没有想到有可能打破世界纪录。

Is there any possibility that we’ll see you this weekend? 我们本周末能见到你吗？ ⑵ [C] 可能的事；梦想中的事

Changing jobs is one possibility. 换换工作是有可能的事。 【知识拓展】possible adj. 可能的；潜在的；可能发生的 possibly adv. 可能；或许

impossible adj. 不可能的；难对付的

There is no possibility of (doing) sth. （做）某是不可能。

【注意】possibility用作不可数名词时，后可接of短语或that从句。 【辨析】possible，probable与likely

三者用作形容词，都有“可能”的意思。从可能性大小来讲：probable﹥likely﹥possible。从结构来讲，它们分别适用于以下句式：

①sb./ sth. be likely to do sth 某人/某物有可能干某事 ②It’/ possible (for sb.) to do sth. （某人）有可能干某事 ③ It’s likely/ possible/ probable that? 有可能?? The weather is likely to be fine. 天气很可能会好转。

It’s possible for him to cover the book in an hour. 在一小时内读完这本书对他来说是可能的。

It’s probable/ likely/ possible that he will come here today. 他有可能今天来这里。

二、重点短语

1. rather than

⑴ 其并列作用，有时相当于介词，有时起连词作用，意为“而不是”。其连接的两个成分的词形应该一致。

She likes to keep things rather than (to) throw them away. 她喜欢把东西保存起来，而不是扔掉。

He was engaged in writing rather than reading the newspaper. 他在忙这些东西，而不是在读

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报。

I, rather than you, am to take the burdens. 我，而不是你应该承担责任。 【注意】单数名词作主语，后面紧跟rather than时，谓语动词用单数形式。

I think Tom, rather than you, is to blame. 我认为是汤姆，而不是你应受到责备。 ⑵ 用于固定句式中。

①would?rather than? = would rather?than? 宁愿??而不?? I’d rather die than ask him for his autograph. 我宁死也不要他的签名。 She’d die than give a speech. 她宁死也不愿演讲。

Rather than stay at home looking after children, he’d work extra hours in his office. 他宁愿在办公室加班也不愿待在家里照看孩子。

② prefer to do?rather than do? 愿意做??而不愿做??

I’d prefer to stay here on my own rather than go there. 我宁愿独自留下来，也不愿意去那儿。

【知识拓展】rather than 宁愿 rather too 有点儿太；十分

【辨析】rather than，other than与or rather ① rather than，“而不是”，不表示主观愿望，而表示一个事实，注意rather than后的动词和主句中的动词在形式上保持一致。

He has been playing all afternoon rather than getting on with his work. 他整个下午不工作，而是一直在玩。 ② other than，“除了??之外”，常用于否定句中。

You can’t get there other than by swimming across the river. 除了游过这条河之外，你是无法到达那里的。 ③ or rather，“更确切地说”，是在要纠正说过的话，或欲使已说过的话更确切时常用的表达方式。

I’ll meet him, or rather I’ll ask him to meet me. 我要会见他，更确切地说，我要请他来见我。 2. think of 考虑；想起；记得

I couldn’t think of letting you take the blame. 我没想过让你承担责任。 I can’t think of his name. 我想不起他的名字来了。 【知识拓展】think of?as? 认为??是?? think about 考虑 think over 仔细考虑 think twice 再三考虑 think up 想出； 构思出 think aloud 自言自语

think highly/ much of 看重；对??评价高

think little/ poorly/ nothing of 对??印象不好；评价不高

三、 重点句型???????????????

1. I would rather have a mind opened by wonder than one closed by custom. 我宁愿好奇心来打开我的思想，也不要让传统习俗关闭它。 would rather，“宁愿”，后接动词原形。常用于以下结构：

do sth. would rather not do sth.

do sth than do sth (= would do sth rather than do sth)

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【注意】would rather后接从句时从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气；一般过去时表示现在或将来的动作或状态，过去完成时表示过去的动作或状态。 I would rather you went right now. 我宁愿你马上去。

I would rather you had been there yesterday. 我真希望你昨天在那里。

2. When going by plane, you should arrive at the airport at least one hour early. 当你乘飞机去的时候，你应该至少提前一个小时到达机场。

when going by plane是一个省略句，完整形式应为when you are going by plane。复合句中，状语从句常用省略形式，通常用连词直接加上分词或其他成分。但状语从句的省略通常应具备以下条件之一：

①从句的主语和主句的主语一致，同时含有系动词be。 ②从句的主语是it，谓语动词是系动词be。

When completed, the new railway will run for 250 miles. 完工后，新的铁路线将有250英里长。

If possible, I will take part in the game. 如果可能的话我将参加那个比赛。 例题点津

例题 1. Is there any possibility __________ you could pick me up at the airport? A. when B. that C. whether D. what [答案] B

[点拨] Is there any possibility that??意为“有??的可能吗？”that在句中引导同位语从句，补充说明possibility的具体内容，that在从句中无实际意义，但不可省略。 例题 2. It was a nice house, but ___________ too small for a family of five. A. rarely B. fairly C. rather D. pretty [答案] C

[点拨] rarely，“很少”；fairly, “相当”；rather，“相当”。pretty，“很；相当”。rather可以与比较级，too及物动词连用，而fairly与pretty则不能。句意：房子很好，但对于一个五口之家来说太小了。

例题3. The old lady was fooled __________ some useless things. A. to buy B. to buying C. into buying D. in buying [答案] C???

[点拨] fool sb. into doing sth.，“骗某人干某事。”

例题 4. The brave soldier was willing to risk _________ his life rather than _________himself up to the enemy.

A. lose; give B. losing; giving C. losing; give D. lose; giving [答案] C

[点拨] risk后必须跟动名词作宾语；rather than后面要跟动词原形，省略to，与to risk并列，故选C。

例题 5. He ___________ the old man as his own family.

A. thinks about B. thinks of C. thinks over D. thinks up [答案] B

[点拨] think of?as?“把??看作/视为??”。句意：他把那位老人看做自己的父亲。

针对性练习

1. ---Alice, you look puzzled. Have you understood it? ---Yes, I ___________ another problem just now.

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