2020高考英语二轮复习 限时专题训练32 阅读填空(2)

专题限时训练(三十二) [阅读填空(二)]

(限时：每篇15分钟) A

A device that stops drivers from falling asleep at the wheel is about to undergo testing at Department of Transport laboratories and could go on sale within 12 months. The system, called Driver Alert, aims to reduce deadly road accidents by 20%—40% that are caused by tiredness. Airline pilots can also use it to reduce the 30% of all pilot-error accidents that are related to fatigue(疲劳)．

Driver Alert is based on a computerized wristband(表带). The device，worn by drivers or pilots，gives out a sound about every four minutes during the journey. After each sound the driver must respond by squeezing the steering wheel(方向盘). A sensor in the wristband detects this pressing action and measures the time between the sound and the driver’s response. Tiredness is directly related to a driver’s response time. Usually，a watchful driver would take about 400 milliseconds to respond，but once that falls to more than 500 milliseconds，it suggests that the driver is getting sleepy.

In such cases the device gives out more regular and louder sounds，showing that the driver should open a window or stop for a rest. If the driver’s response continues to slow down，the sounds become more frequent until a nonstop alarm warns that the driver must stop as soon as possible.

The device has been delivered to the department’s laboratories for testing. If these tests, scheduled for six months’ time，are successful，the markets will bring the product to market within about a year.

Title: __1__ Ⅰ.__2__： ·To reduce __3__ accidents. Ⅱ.Working principle: · (the device) based on __4__ · (the device) giving out a sound __5__ · (the driver) __6__ by squeezing the steering wheel · (the device) giving out more regular and louder sounds when response time is __7__ · (the driver) stopping __8__if a nonstop alarm rings Ⅲ. Present situation： · (the device) still __9__ · (the device) to be brought to market within about __10__ if the tests are successful

B

If you smoke and you still don’t believe that there’s a definite link between smoking and bronchial(支气管) troubles, heart disease and lung cancer, then you are certainly deceiving yourself. Let us just say that you are suffering from a bad case of wishful thinking. This needn’t make you too uncomfortable because you are in good company. Whenever the subject of smoking and health is raised, the governments of most countries hear no evil, see no evil and smell no evil. Admittedly, a few governments have taken timid measures. In Britain for instance, cigarette advertising has been banned on television while the population continues to puff its way to smoky, cancerous death.

You don’t have to look very far to find out why the official reactions to medical findings have been so lukewarm. The answer is simply money. Tobacco is a wonderful kind of commodity to tax. It’s almost like a tax on our daily bread. In tax alone, the government of Britain collects enough from smokers to pay for its entire educational facilities. So while the authorities point out ever so deliberately that smoking may be harmful, it doesn’t do to shout too loudly about it.

But if the governments of the world were honestly concerned about the welfare of their people, you’d think they’d conduct aggressive anti-smoking campaigns. Far from it! The tobacco industry is allowed to spend huge sums on advertising. Its advertising is as crafty(诡计多端的)as it is dishonest. We are never shown pictures of real smokers coughing up their lungs early in the morning. That would never do. The advertisements always show strong, even clean-shaven young men. They suggest it is manly to smoke, even positively healthy! Smoking is associated with the great open-air life, with beautiful girls, true love and togetherness. What nonsense!

For a start, governments could begin by banning all cigarette and tobacco

advertising and should then conduct anti-smoking advertising campaigns of their own. Smoking should be banned in all public places like theatres, cinemas and restaurants. Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially of the consequences of taking up the habit. A horrific warning and a picture of a death’s head should be included in every packet of cigarettes that is sold.

As individuals, we are certainly weak, but if governments acted honestly and courageously, they could protect us from ourselves.

Title: __11__ Ⅰ. __12__ ·A lot of people smoke and don’t know its harms listed as bronchial troubles, heart disease and lung cancer. ·A few governments __13__. Ⅱ.Reason ·Tobacco is so important __14__ Ⅲ. Suggestions ·Don’ts: Governments __15__ aggressively ◇Tobacco industry being allowed to spend huge sums on advertising ◇People never being shown pictures of real smokers coughing ◇Advertisements suggesting that smoking is __16__ ·Dos： ◇ __17__ of all cigarette and tobacco and then conducting anti-smoking campaigns ◇Banning smoking in public places ◇ __18__ to inform the youth of dreadful consequences in cigarette packets