test for chapter 3

Test for chapter 3 lexicon

I. For each question, there are four choices of answers. In some cases, only one choice is correct while in others more than one should be chosen. Choose ALL the correct ones. 1. “New elements are not to be inserted into a word even when there are several parts in a word.” This is known as _____. A. uninterruptibility B. stability C. extremity D. variability

2. Which of the following word classes are closed-classes? A. preposition B. determiner C. adjective D. noun

3. Which of the following are suffixes? A. im B. ise C. ly D. ful

4. “_____” is the abstract unit underlying the smallest unit in the lexical system of a language. A. Word B. Lexeme C. Morpheme D. Vocabulary

5. Word class is known in traditional grammar as _____. A. construction B. parts of speech C. inflection D. categories

6. Which of the following are prefixes? A. para B. dis C. ir D. ion

7. _____ advocated treating the word as “the minimum free form”. A. Leonard Bloomfield B. Noam Chomsky C. John Lyons D. M A K Halliday 8. Which of the following word classes are open classes? A. conjunction B. determiner C. adverb D. verb

9. Compound words consist of _______________morhphemes.(2003 北京第二外国语大学) A. bound B. free C. both bound and free

II. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. 1. WASP is an acronym for “with a special purpose”.

2. The word “artificial satellite” is a loanshift from russian “sputnik”. 3. “Radar” is an invented word.

4. The consonant [x] existed in Old English. 5. “Tofu” is a loanword.

6. All words contain a root morpheme. (2006北京第二外国语学院)

7. The words “water” and “teacher” have a common phoneme and a common morpheme as well. (2006北京第二外国语学院) 8. All roots are free and all affixes are bound.

III. Define the following terms.

Morpheme; compound; inflection; affix; Derivation; root; allomorph; stem; bound morpheme; lexeme; lexicon; grammatical word; closed-class;

blending; loanword; loanblend; loanshift; acronym; back-formation ; folk etymology IV. Write out the proper word or words according to the explanations:

（1）the smallest meaningful unit which can be used independently.（ ） （2）each of the phonetic forms or variants.（ ） （3）the different morphs of one morpheme.（ ）

（4）the smallest linguistic unit that carries meaning.（ ） （5）words whose membership can be regularly expanded.（ ）

（6）the way how morphemes are combined to form new words.（ ） （7）A morpheme that occurs with at least one other morpheme ( ). （8）An affix that indicate grammatical relationships ( ) (9). An affix that forms new words with a stem or root

(10). What remains of a word after the removal of all affixes ( )

(11) A word forming process in which both form and meaning are borrowed ( ) (12). The change of a sound as a result of the influence of an adjacent sound ( ) (13). What is made up from the first letters of the name of an organization ( ) V. Answer the following questions.

1. Dissect the following words into morphemes:

Description/ underdevelopment/ photosynthetic /anatomy /radiation/ geography /philharmonic defrosted/ refreshment /demobilized /conducting/ suppression /circumspect/ dialogue deformed /combination

2. What is morpheme, and distinguish the differences between free and bound morphemes. And between inflectional and derivational affixes, Give examples.

3. In recent years, numerous new words have entered the daily life of Chinese people, e.g. 上网;海选. Give a list of (about 10) such words, discuss the context of their usage, and provide a feasible explanation of their booming.

4. Determine the allomorphy of the prefix in- on the basis of the data below. Group the data according to the variants and try to determine which kinds of base take which kinds of prefix allomorph and what kind of mechanism is responsible for the allomorphy. Formulate a rule and

then test it against prefix-base pairs that are not mentioned below. irregular ingenious impenetrable irresistible immobile inconsistent

incomprehensible inoffensive illegal

illiterate inharmonic incompetent irresponsible indifferent inevitable

impossible illogical

innumerable

(Source: Ingo Plag, Word-formation in English, Cambridge University Press, 2003, p. 42)

5． What are phonologically conditioned and morphologically conditioned form of morphemes? (2005 武汉大学)

6. The ways of lexical change. (2005 武汉大学)