温总理答记者问-20100314

in implementing these programs, we have conducted public tendering. And these public tendering has been participated by both companies from the mainland, and from Hong Kong and Taiwan as well as foreign business.

如果说有什么缺点的话，那就是我同外商的接触还不够紧密。在我今后三年的工作当中，力求能多增加一些同外商接触的机会，使你们更好地了解中国的政策，同时我也愿意听取你们对中国吸引外资的意见。谢谢你。

If there is anything that we are falling short of, I would like to say that I am still not in very close touch with foreign businessmen doing business in China. So in the next three years in my work, I will create more opportunities for me to have more interaction with the foreign businessmen in China so that I can help you better understand the policies of the Chinese government, and I will also have the opportunity to listen to your views about how we can make the most of the foreign investment in China. Thank you.

中央电视台记者：谢谢，我是中央电视台和中国网络电视的记者。想问总理一个关于宏观经济政策走向的问题。根据官方的数字，去年新增的贷款投放量是9.6万亿，全社会的固定资产投资增长30%，部分大城市的房价居高不下。因此有人担心出现经济泡沫。请问总理，您有这个担心吗？在考虑通胀预期的前提下，我们应对国际金融危机采取的一系列经济刺激政策有退出或者部分退出的可能性吗？

CCTV: I'm with CCTV and its associated website. My questions are related to China's macroeconomic policy. According to the official statistics, loan increases by RMB9.6 trillion yuan last year, investment in fixed assets rose by 30% and housing prices in some big cities have been hovering at a very high level. Some are concerned that all these will mean bubbles in the Chinese economy. I wonder if you have that kind of concern for the Chinese economy. And in response to the inflation expectations, I wonder whether it is possible for the Chinese government to contemplate exiting or exiting in part the stimulus measures?

温家宝：你提到一个让我感到非常担心的问题。我曾经讲过，如果发生通货膨胀，再加上收入分配不公，以及贪污腐败，足以影响社会的稳定，甚至政权的巩固。

Premier: You have asked a question that is indeed a cause of concern for me too. I once said if there is inflation, plus unfair income distribution and corruption, they will be strong enough to affect our social stability and even affect the stability of state power.

处理好经济发展、调整结构和管好通胀预期这三者的关系，是一件非常困难的事情。方才我说我们可以走出一条光明的路，但是这是很难实现的，而且必须实现。

It will be an extremely difficult task for us to promote steady and fast economic growth, adjust our economic structure and manage inflation expectations all at the same time. But as I said before, it is imperative for us to accomplish the three tasks and ensure a bright future, but I should say it will be very difficult to accomplish the task, but it is a must-do task for us.

我们必须注意三点：第一，货币政策。货币政策就是要保持流动性合理充裕，保持利率的合理水平，同时管理好通胀预期，处理好这三个问题是货币政策的精髓。

It is important that we give full consideration to the following three things. First, with regard to the monetary policy, it is important for us to maintain appropriate and sufficient money supply,

keep our interest rate at a reasonable level and manage inflation expectations. If we can do these three tasks well, we will be able to have a good grasp of the essence of the monetary policy.

第二，高度重视农业，千方百计使今年农业有一个好收成。农业不仅是整个经济的命脉，而且就今年来讲，关系经济的平稳较快发展，关系是否能够管好通胀预期。从这个意义上讲，农业的好坏起着决定性作用。

Second, we must give high priority to agricultural development. We should do everything in our power to ensure another bumper harvest in our agriculture this year. Agriculture is the lifeline of the entire economy and good agricultural development is essential in whether we will be able to succeed in maintaining fast yet steady economic growth and managing inflation expectations this year. In this sense, agriculture is the decisive factor.

第三，我们必须保持政策的连续性和稳定性，也就是说要继续实行积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，以巩固来之不易的经济企稳回升的大好形势。如果经济再出现反复的话，那么带来的损失就太大了。但同时，我们要根据形势的变化增强政策的针对性和灵活性，把握好政策的方向、力度和效果。

Third, we will maintain the continuity and stability of our policies. We will continue to pursue a proactive fiscal policy and moderately easy monetary policy so as to consolidate the hard-won good momentum in the stabilization and turnaround of the Chinese economy. Should we encounter setback in our efforts towards this end, much is at stake, and the cost will be too high. As the circumstances change, we will make every effort to make our policies more flexible and better targeted. At the same time, we will also maintain appropriate focus, intensity and pace of our macro-control measures.

我们必须密切关注今年国内外经济形势的走向，因时而动，就是说“时进则进，时退则退，动静不失其时”。这需要十分谨慎和灵活。我相信明年的记者招待会我还是满面笑容地来对待你。谢谢你们。

We must watch very closely the developments and trends in our domestic economy and in the global economy this year. Timing is essential in deciding when one should act and when one should stay put. We must practice utmost prudence and also exercise flexibility in our efforts. I have the confidence that there will still be smile on my face when I face you at the press conference next year. Thank you.

路透社记者：路透社的。一年前您在这里说过，有点担心中国在美国的资产安全，请问您今天是一样的担心？更担心？比较放心？还是有信心？另外，您刚刚讲到中国内部的一些担心，如果允许我继续问一个关于“心”的问题的话，请问外部的话，国际上您最大的担心是什么？

Reuters: With Reuters. A year ago, at the press conference, you said you were a bit worried about China's assets in the United States. A year has passed. I wonder are you more or less worried about China's assets in the United States or have you become confident in the Chinese assets in the United States? Secondly, I would like to ask your view about the biggest source of concern and worry for China on the external front?

温家宝：大家都知道，我们有巨额的外汇储备，我们一定要把这笔巨大的金融资产用好和保护好。因此，我们对外汇储备的要求首先是安全，其次是流动，第三是保值增值。我们在国际上之所以购买一些国家的债券，都是为了通过多元化的经营达到我所说的目的。

Premier: As is known to all that China has massive foreign exchange reserves. We must protect and

make the best of this large amount of assets. In running foreign exchange reserves, we follow the principle of ensuring their safety, liquidity, good value and value increase of our foreign exchange reserves. We have been buying the treasury bonds of some countries on the international markets. The purpose of doing so is to introduce an appropriate level of diversity into our foreign exchange holdings to serve the purpose that I just mentioned.

美国作为国际货币的主要发行国，币值的不稳定引起我们很大的忧虑。我去年说过我担心，今年我还要说我担心。因为国家的金融资产不容得有一点的闪失。在这里，我还要强调另外一面，美国国债是以美国国家信誉做担保的，我希望美国以实际行动让投资者放心。这不仅对投资方有利，对美国也有利。

The United States is an issuing country of a major reserve currency. Any fluctuation of the value in the US currency is a big cause for concern for us. If I said I was a bit concerned about Chinese assets in the United States at the press conference last year, I still want to make the same remark at the press conference this year. We cannot afford any mistake, how slight it is, when it comes to running our financial assets. Here, I would like to stress that the US treasury bonds are guaranteed by the national credibility of the United States. I hope that the United States will take concrete steps to reassure the investors. It is not only in the interest of the investors but also the United States itself.

你还有一个问题，就是对国际形势的担心。对国外的担心，最主要还是在安全和稳定上。我们正在集中精力进行建设，需要一个良好的外部条件，需要一个和平和安全的环境。世界经济的不确定性，也会对中国经济带来影响，这些我已经讲过了。总之，我们愿与世界各国一道，为建立一个公正合理的国际政治和经济新秩序而努力。

You also asked a question about what is the biggest source for concern for China as far as the environment beyond China's borders is concerned. I would like to say that it is about whether there will be stability and security in the external environment. As you know, that China is concentrating on promoting development at home. And in this process, it is important for us to have a sound external environment a peaceful and secure international environment. As I already mentioned, uncertainties in the global economy will also affect the Chinese economy. In a word, China is ready to work with other countries in the world in building a fair and equitable new international political and economic order.

AFP: Thank you, Mr Premier. I'm with AFP. My question also relates to the relationship with the United States. Your Foreign Minister said a couple of weeks ago that the U.S. has to take credible steps in order to get the relationship back on track. I am wondering can you tell us what those steps are specifically. Are you still waiting for them, or are you willing to move ahead past this recent rough patch in the interest of your overall relationship?

法新社记者：您好，我是法新社的记者。我想问一个有关中美关系的问题。大概一周以前，中国外长表示美方应切实行动，使中美关系回到正常发展的轨道。我想问的是，中方认为美方应采取什么具体的措施才能使中美关系重新回到正常发展轨道？中方现在还在等待美方采取这些具体步骤吗？还是说中方愿意以中美关系的大局为重，不再纠缠和计较现在中美关系中出现的问题？

温家宝：中美关系是我们最重要的外交关系，它不仅关系两国和两国人民的根本利益，在一定意义上也超出了两国的范围。不畏浮云遮望眼，自缘身在最高层。我们应该从这样的高度来把握两国关系。

Premier: For China, its relationship with United States is the most important bilateral relationship. This relationship not only concerns the fundamental interests of the two countries and the two peoples. In a sense, China-US relationship has already gone beyond a bilateral scope. As a Chinese poem reads, \have no fear of the clouds that may block our sight, as we are already at the top of the height\such a prospective that we should manage China-US relationship.

奥巴马总统入主白宫以后，中美关系有个良好的开端。但是最近一段时期，美方在达赖喇嘛访美和对台军售等问题上触犯了中国的主权和领土完整，使中美关系受到严重的干扰，这个责任不在中国，而在美方。中美三个联合公报是中美关系的基础，我们希望美方能够正视问题，以实际行动回到三个公报的基础上来，使中美关系得以恢复和改善。

China-US relations got off to a good start after President Obama took office. However, in the past weeks and months, the U.S. allowed the Dalai Lama to visit the U.S. and sold arms to Taiwan. These moves have violated China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, and caused serious disturbances to China-US relationship. The responsibility does not lie with the Chinese side but the US. The three joint communiqués between China and the United States form the foundation of this bilateral relationship. We hope the United States will face the issues squarely and take concrete steps to come back to the foundation of the three joint communiqués between China and the United States so as to restore and improve China-US relations.

我曾经讲过，中美建交30年的历史告诉我们，和则两利、斗则俱伤，互信则进、猜忌则退。对话比对抗好，合作比遏制好，伙伴比对手好。我们应该从这样的角度来努力促进中美关系的发展。

I once remarked that what has happened in the past 30 years since China and the United States established diplomatic relations has shown that a peaceful China-US relationship makes both countries winners while a confrontational one both losers. With mutual trust, the two countries can both forge ahead; yet with suspicions, we will both fall behind. It is always better to have dialogue than confrontation, cooperation than containment, and a partner than a rival. This is the right approach that we should adopt in pushing forward China-US relations.

中央人民广播电台记者：总理您好，我是中央人民广播电台的记者，也是中国广播网的记者。国际社会十分关注全球经济失衡的问题，要求德国、日本和中国这些主要出口国家减少对出口的依赖，来实现世界经济的再平衡。请问您对此有什么看法？谢谢。

CNR: I'm with China National Radio and its associated website. There has been a keen international interest in addressing the imbalances in the global economy, and there has been a strong call for major exporting countries such as Germany, Japan and China to reduce their dependence on exports in order to rebalance the global economy. I would like to get your perspective on this issue.

温家宝：我认为世界经济的失衡，不能把眼睛只盯在中国的贸易上。世界经济失衡，主要是反映在一些主要经济体消费与储蓄的失衡，一些金融机构只顾自身利益，过度扩张而造成金融的不稳定。如果从深层次讲，世界上最大的失衡是发展的不平衡。在这次金融危机当中，受害最大的是发展中国家。

Premier: When one views the imbalances in the international economy, I don't think it will be fair for one to fix his eyes on China's exports. I would like to explain the major manifestations of imbalances in the