语法填空专项练习 名从及三大从句综合

Researchers 9________(know) for a long time that laboratory plants may produce methyl salicylate, aspirin’s chemical form. Aspirin was first made from the bark covering on willow trees. 10_______ the researchers had never before found methyl salicylate in a forest. They have not confirmed that trees could emit, 11_______ give out, large amounts of the chemical into the atmosphere.

答案：1,what 2. that 3. that 4. that 5. what 6.that 7. whoever 8. whether/if 9. how 10. why 11. that 12(1. or 2. and 3, because/as/since 4. that 5. before 6. findings 7. when 8. With 9. have known 10. or

二、定语从句 *做题指导

1. 正确分析句子成分是做对题的关键。 2. 引导词的特点：

*关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose； 关系副词when, where, why 和that。（略）

*that既指人又指物，先行词是everything, all等或有 the first, the most, the very 等修饰时都能用，所以一般情况下用that引导定语从句比较保险，但以下情况不能用，切记： a. 在非限制性定语从句中（从句前面有逗号与主句隔开），用which或who, whom; b. 前面有介词时，用which 或whom;

c. 前面的先行词是anyone, those 时， 用who；

*as 和which 可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个句子（which有时也仅仅指代主句的一

个词和一部分）。which引导的这种从句只能放在主句后，as 引导的这种从句可以放在主句前、后、或在中间插入。另外，以下短语几乎成为固定搭配：as is often the case, as is known to all, as is hoped, as is natural, as is reported, as has been said, as we know。

如：__As_____ is announced in today’s newspapers, all the schools will reopen on Sept. 1st.

*当先行词为case, situation, condition, point 时， 且从句不缺少主要成分，用where引导；而

出现occasion常用when;

* 关系副词where, when 有时用作关系代词；

如：He climbed up to the top of the temple, from where he could see nothing but trees. * which 偶尔也指人，着重于该人的品质，地位，身份，而不是人本身。 如：Her sister has become a lawyer, which she wants to be. *比较：

a. There are 20 people in the bus, most of ________ are boys. b. There are 20 people in the bus, most of ________boys.

c. There are 20 people in the bus and most of _______ are boys. key: whom/ them/them * 比较：

a. ______ is known to us all, the earth goes around the sun.

b. ______ is known to us all is that the earth goes around the sun.

c. ______ is known to us all that the earth goes around the sun. Key: As/ What/It *比较：

a. He is one of the students who _____ (praise) by the teacher.

b. He is the only one of the students who ______(praise) by the teacher. Key: were praised/was

praised * 比较：

a. Rose is such a kind girl ______ will surely give others help if possible.

b. Rose is such a kind girl ______ she has won a high reputation in our class. Key:as/that 考题检验

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1. There isn’t a moment ________ I’m not thinking of you.

2. I hate the way _______ you never look at me when you speak to me.

3. Thousands of Haitians cheered as the Chinese medical team arrived, many of _____ even cried with joy.

4. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction of ______ had taken more than three years.

5. She has married again, _______ was unexpected.

6. The Beatles, _____ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.

7. It is such a good place ______ everybody wants to go and visit ______ it is well known all over the world.

8. The book was written in 1946, ___(during which/ since when) the education system has witnessed great change.

9. One of the boys who _______(be) my friends ________(be) very good at English. 10. Occasions are very rare _______ I have the time to spend a whole day with my kids.

11. I will put the book _______ you placed it and make a mark at the place _______ can be easily seen.

12. It is on the morning of May first _______ I met Liang at the airport.

13. Influenza, or flu, is 1______ common infection of the nose and throat, and sometimes the lungs. The cause is a virus that passes from one person to another. The virus spreads through the air 2_______ an infected person expels air suddenly.

Medical experts have identified three major kinds of influenza. They call them type A, B and C. Type C is 3_______(little) serious. People may not even know they have it. But researchers study the 4_______ two kinds very closely. Viruses change to survive. This can make 5______ difficult for the body to recognize and fight an infection.

A person 6______has suffered one kind of flu develops the same kind again. The body’s defense system produces antibodies. These substances stay in the blood and destroy the virus 7_______ it appears again. 8_______ the body may not recognize a flu virus 9________ has even a small change.

Each year, researchers develop vaccines(疫苗) to prevent the spread of the flu virus. The WHO holds meetings in 10_______ experts discuss 11________ kinds of flu viruses to include in the next vaccine.

Key: 1. when 2. that 3. whom 4. which 5. which 6. which 7. as ; that 8. since when 9. are;is 10. when 11. where;where 12. that 13. (1. a 2. when 3. least 4. other 5. it 6. who 7. when 8. But 9. which/that 10. which 11. what) 三、状语从句和连词 *做题指导 1. 熟悉状语从句的分类，熟悉每个连词的语义和语用特征，尤其是：as, since的灵活运用；before, until, unless, while, as, if, in case 这些难以区分的词。 2. 区分常用的含时间状语的句型，如 It’s/It has been + 一段时间+ since…; It is/was +具体时间+ when…; It will be/was +一段时间+before…; It is/was + 时间状语+ that…

3. before sb. knew it (不知不觉) Before I could say a word(还来不及说什么) before long(不久以后)

4. be on the point of doing…when…; be about to do …when…; be doing … when…; had just done… when…;

5. as 作连词可以表“因为”，“当…时候”，“照..那样”，“尽管”； 表“作为”时是一个介词。 6. No sooner… than…; Hardly … when…;

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考题检验

1. More often, it would be better ________ we don’t pretend we feel strong _________ we are weak or pretend ______ we are brave when we are scared.

2. ______ all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post.

3. I usually do the washing-up and leave the cooking to my wife, _______ she is a better cook than me. 4. He had no sooner finished his speech _______ the students started cheering.

5. One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away _______ my daughter heard a cry for help.

6. ________ football is her main focus, she is also great at basketball.

7. Strange ______ it sounded, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. 8. How long do you think it will be ________ the computer puts forward a new product? 9. They notice that plants don’t grow well _________ is much shade. 10. The girl sang happily _______ she walked along the lake.

11. 40-year-old Scott crossed the finishing line of the London Marathon yesterday 1. _________ walking for 128 hours in a deep sea diver’s suit weighing 54 kilos. He did it 2________(raise) money for children with cancer. Mr. Scott once has suffered from cancer himself and has been living under its shadow 3________ he was 27. 4 ________ he was moving very slowly on his way, his helpers were busy collecting money from the public. Our hero spent five days on the road and the nights in the camper van. When he got to 5______ finish, he was greeted by the Paula Radcliff, 6.______(win) of the women’s race on Sunday. “7_____was very tiring because of the weight of the suit,” said Mr. Scott. “I often felt as 8_______ I just couldn’t go any further. But I was determined to finish, 9________ hard it was. And I am pleased that I have raised $100,000 for children with cancer.” But Mr. Scott is going to rest there. No sooner had he finished the Marathon 10______ he was talking about his next project --- a bike ride across Australia.

Key: 1. if; when;that 2. Though/Although/while 3. because/as 4. that 5. when 6. Though/While 7. as/though 8. before 9. where 10. while/as

11. (1. after 2. to raise 3. until 4. when 5. the 6. winner 7. It 8. if 9. however 10. than)

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