备份定语从句语法考点分析与突破

① = no matter what/who/which （引导让步状语从句时表示“无论是

什么/谁/哪一个”，主从句间往往有逗号连结）

whatever/whoever/whichever ② anything/anybody/that（引导名词性从句时，往往比what, who,

which更强调，不表示疑问意义，表示的一是种泛指关系）

what/who/which（引导名词性从句时含有疑问意义） whenever = no matter when（只引导让步状语从句）

when可引导定语从句、状语从句、状语从句、名词性从句，引导词在从句作状语表时间。 however = no matter how （只引导让步状语从句）

how可修饰形容词、副词用来引导名词性从句，how在从句中作状语表方式。

Whatever (= No matter what) problems you have, you can always come to me for help. Whatever (= Anything that) was said here must be kept a secret. What we need is more practice.

Whoever (= No matter who) telephones, tell them I’m out.

Whoever (= Anyone that) fails to see this will make a big mistake. Whichever (= Anything that) you want is yours.

Whichever (= No matter which) way you do it, it has the same result. When we’ll begin the party is still a question.

Whenever (= No matter when) you like to come, I’ll be glad to see you. However (= No matter how) cold it is, she always goes swimming. How he got it remains unknown to us.

例3：Eat ________ cake you like and leave the others for ________ comes in late.

A. any; who B. every; whoever C. whichever; whoever D. either; whoever

解析：答案为C。any, every, either都不能引导名词性从句，只有whichever可以，whichever表示是泛指关系，符合you like所含的“任意的”意义；同样后一空中whoever也引导的是名词性从句，表示一种泛指意义，相当于anyone that。

例4：Sarah hopes to become a friend of ________ shares her interest.

A. anyone B whomever C. whoever D. no matter who

解析：答案为C。anyone 不能引导一个名词性从句，若改为anyone who则相当于whoever; no matter who只能引导让步状语从句；注意介词扣的who/whom, whoever/whomever的选择问题，主要是看关联词在从句中作主语还是作宾语，如在从句中作主语，则只能选用who/whoever. [巩固练习]

..8. It was a matter of ________ would take the position. ..A. Who B. Whoever C. whom D. whomever ..9. ________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. ..A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 10. ________ much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to do. ..A. How B. Whatever C. However D. No matter 11. ________ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. ..A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever 12. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ________ great it is. ..A. what B. how C. however D. whatever 考点三：it用于代替主语从句或宾语从句 [备考清单]

为了使句子平衡，英语中常用it 来代替主语从句或宾语从句，而把主语从句或宾语从句后置。注意作形式主语或宾语的代词只能为it，而不能为this/that等。it一般不可省略。

that从句作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，常见的句型有： ① It + be + 形容词（obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.）+ that从句。

It is certain that she will do well in her exam. It is probable that he told her everything. ② It + be + 名词词组（no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.）+ that从句。 It’s a pity that we can’t go. It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game. ③ It + be + 过去分词（said, reported, thought, expected decided, announced, arranged, etc.）+ that从句。 It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday. 注意：在口语和非正式文件中，that常可省略。在非常短的句子中，that总是不必要的。 It’s a pity (that) you’re leaving. 你不要走，真遗憾。

但that从句位于句位于句首时，连词that是绝对不能省略的。如：That we are invited to a concert this evening is good news to us. 我们被邀请去参加今夜的音乐会，这对我们来说是个好消息。

常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有see, say, know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider等。在可以接复合宾语的动词之后，如think, make, consider等，可以用it 用形式宾语。

We think it highly probable that he is dead. 我们想他已经死了，这是非常可能的。

We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation. 他应当改进他的发音，我们认为这是必要的。 He has made it clear that he will not give in. 他不会屈服的，这一点他已明确表示了。 例5：________ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

A. There B. This C. That D. It

解析：答案为D。it 在题中为形式主语代替that引导的主语从句；this及that不能充当形式主语；there be 结构表示客观存在的“有”，不合语境。 [巩固练习]

13. Does ________ matter if he can’t finish the job on time? ..A. that B. when C. he D. it

14. It is pretty well understood ________ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. ..A. this B. that C. what D. how

15. ________ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. ..A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires 考点四：that, if 与whether的选择 [备考清单]

that引导名词性从句往往表达一个statement 或fact, 不含疑问意义，而表示疑虑时要用if, whether等。 I doubt if/whether the speeches will be good. I don’t doubt (that) she’ll go over the lessons. I wonder if he’ll come to meet us.

whether 和if 都可引导名词性从句，在引导宾语从句时，一般可换用，但在如下情况下只能用whether：① 介词后的宾语从句用whether不用if；② 主语从句（在句首时），表语从句，同位语从句只用whether引导；③在whether or not 引导宾语从句时，不能用if替换whether；④whether后可接不定式短语，而if则不能。

I want to know whether/if she lives there. Everything depends on whether the situation will improve. Whether I’ll go there isn’t decided. It’s not decided whether /if I’ll go there. He doesn’t know whether to stay or not. He wants to know whether or not we want dinner. He wants to know if /whether we want dinner or not. The question is whether it is worth doing. 例6：What the doctor really doubt is ________ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.

A. when B. how C. whether D. why

解析：答案为C。这是一个表语从句，根据doubt可知，所怀疑的应是能否治好病，故要用whether。 [巩固练习]

16. ________ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. ..A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 17. _______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. ..A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 18. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _________ a cure for AIDS will be found. ..A. which B. that C. what D. whether 考点五：同位语从句与定语从句的区别 [备考清单]

同位语从句通常用于fact、news、idea、promise、hope、order等名词后，说明这些名词的具体内容，引导词只起引导作用，不在从句中作任何成分，一般不可省略。定语从句是对前面的内容进行修饰、限制，引导词在从句中作成分，有时可省略引导词。

The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.（同位语） The news you told me yesterday was really disappointing.（定语从句）

例7：A story goes ________ Elizabeth I of England like nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified

noblemen at court. A. when B. where C. what D. that

解析：答案为D。that引导同位从句说明a story的具体内容。 [巩固练习]

19. Information has been put forward ________ middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. ..A. while B. that C. when D. as 20. Do you have any idea ________ is actually going on in the classroom.

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..A. that B. what C. as D. which 考点六：名词性从句中的语序问题。 [备考清单]

名词性从句在句中除了关联词在从名之首时外，其它部分应保持陈述句语序，不能受when, where, why, how等的影响而使用疑问句语序。

例8：I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter ________ I’m talking to.

A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom

解析：答案为B。it为形式主语代替一个主语从句，故who引导的是名词性从句，应使用陈述语序；C及D项中从句的连结词不位于句首，故有误。

例9：No one be sure ________ in a million years.

A. what men will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like

解析：答案为A。 be sure后需要的是一个宾语从句，而宾语从句中要使用陈述语气。 [巩固练习]

21. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ________. ..A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 22. Can you make sure ________ the gold ring? ..A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 23. He asked ________ for the violin. ..A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. where has Alice put 24. As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when ________ and see him. ..A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come 考点七：介词后的宾语从句及why 引导的名词性从句 [备考清单]

介词except后要接名词、代词，如果接的是宾语从句，则用that、when、where等连词。 I have nothing to do except what you told me to. He’s always a good boy except when his father is absent. You can hide anywhere except where I can’t find you. He stood there silent except that his moved now and then. why引起的名词性从句或定语从句表结果，如果表原因则用because, 有the reason why后面用that搭配。 This is because she was so happy. 那是因为他很高兴。（because后接原因，主语表示结果） This is (the reason) why she was so happy. (why后接结果，主语属原因。)这就是她为什么那么 高兴的原因。 The reason why he’s absent today is that（不用because）he’s fallen ill. 例10：I know nothing about the young lady ________ she is from Beijing.

A. except B. except for C. except that D. besides

解析：答案为C。 空后为一句子，故要用expect that 来连结从句。 例11：--- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. --- Is that ________ you had a few days off?

A. why B. when C. what D. where

解析：答案为A。 [巩固练习]

25. The suit fitted him well ________ the color was a little brighter. ..A. except for B. except that C. except when D. beside

26. ________ she couldn’t understand was ________ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. ..A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that 27. We cannot figure out ________ quite a number of insects, birds and animals are dying out. ..A. that B. as C. why D. when 28. Mary wrote an article on ________ the team had failed to win the game. ..A. why B. what C. who D. when 29. The way he did it was different ________ we were used to. ..A. in which B. in what C. from what D. form which [精选模拟题]

..1. --- Really, I don’t know ________ to join the army or to find a job after my graduation. ..--- Why don’t you ________ your parents’ advice? The will surely help you. ..A. if; take B. whether; follow C. if; gave D. whether; seek ..2. Perseverance is a kind of quality—and that’s ________ it takes to do anything well. ..A. what B. that C. which D. why

..3. _______ makes the school famous is ________ more than 90% of the students have been admitted to universities. ..A. What; because B. That; because C. That; what D. What; that

..4. He’s ________ as a “bellyacher”—he’s always complaining about something. ..A. who is known B. whom is known C. what is known D. which is known ..5. --- Are you firmly against any independence move by Taiwan? ..--- Of course. That is ________ our basic interest lies. ..A. why B. when C. where D. what ..6. --- Do you know ________? --- Yes, he works in a hospital. ..A. where does Tom work B. where Tom work C. what does Tom do D. what Tom does ..7. ________ the Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is known. ..A. 不填 B. Whenever C. What D. When ..8. --- Would you tell me ________ you want your tea, with sugar or milk? --- Sugar, please. ..A. whether B. when C. what D. how ..9. At last the soldiers reached ________ the locals called the Golden Triangle. ..A. that B. where C. when D. what 10. --- It seems that he has succeeded at last in the USA. --- Yeah, but you can never imagine ________. ..A. what a hard life he has experienced B. what he has experienced a hard life ..C. he has experienced what a hard life D. what a hard life has he experienced 11. There is a common belief among them ________ rubbish can and should be put to good use. ..A. which B. if C. whether D. that

12. ________ is Britain now used to be three different countries and over many years the three countries became one. ..A. It B. What C. Where D. As 13. --- Go and ask her ________ come. --- OK.

..A. what time would she like to B. at what time she’d like to C. when would she like to D. when she likes to 14. --- What about your history test?

..--- I’ve answered all the questions, but I’m not sure ________ I’ve got them all right. ..A. what B. how C. that D. why

15. ________ sometimes keeps her awake at night ________ Tom is getting more and more quiet at home. ..A. That; which B. It; that C. Whether; what D. What; that 16. She told us ________ had happened to her that night when she was walking alone in the street. ..A. all what B. all that C. that what D. everything what 17. ________ the criminal looked was not known made the policemen have a hard time. ..A. What B. That how C. What that D. What how 18. Whether the sports meeting will be held next week depends on ________ will be fine. ..A. it that it B. it that C. what it D. it what

19. When we asked him ________ he had spent his summer vacation, he said ________ it was to swim in that river and that he had had a very good holiday. ..A. that; how funny B. how; that C. that; what fun D. how; how 20. When asked John ________, he knew nothing about it.

..A. whose dictionary was B. whose it was the dictionary C. whose the dictionary it was D. whose the dictionary was

专题十一 高考特殊名式考点分析与突破（倒装/强调/省略/反意疑问句）

考点一：倒装 [备考清单]

（一）完全倒装

1. 在There be 句型中 There are many beautiful parks in our city.

2. 在以here, there等地点副词开头的句子中，此类倒装结构中用一般现在时或过去时。 There goes the monitor. Here comes the bus. Here are some flowers for you. There lived an old man in Rome. 但是如果句子的主语是代词时，句子不倒装。 There she goes. Here you are. 3. 在then, now, in, up, down, away, ahead等副词开头的句子中。 Now comes your turn. Then began our new lesson. Out rushed the boy. Ahead sat an old man. In came the teacher and the class began.

但是如果句子的主语是代词时，句子不倒装。 Out he rushed. 4. 强调状语或表语表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。

This is our building, on top of which is flying a red flag. South of the city lies a big zoo. From the house came a frightening noise.

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Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens.

注意：以上倒装句适合于无宾语而主语较长的情况。便是如果主语为人称代词时，则不需倒装。 “I agree with you .” said his parent. （倒装）

“Excuse me!” asked the old man,”which is the way to the airport?” （倒装） “Would you like a cup of tea?” he asked politely. （不倒装）

“Our family are going on a trip,” Meimei told me, “and we are going by bike.” （不倒装） （二）部分倒装

把谓语的一部分（助动词，情态动词，系动词）放于主语前面，其结构为： 部分谓语 + 主谓语动词（实义动词）

1. 否定词或半否定意义的词位于句首时。这类词有：never, little, few, seldom, hardly, nowhere, scarcely, barely；常见的短语有not + 副词或副词短语：not until, by no means, in no way, at no time, under no circumstances, hardly...when, scarcely...when(before) ...

Not only was the city polluted but the streets were crowded. Never before has our country been as united as it is today. Not until his health was lost did he know what it was worth. No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill.

Nowhere else in the world can you see such a wonderful sight.

注意：① not until...倒装的是主句，而not only...but also倒装的是not only后接的句子。

② 在hardly...when..., scarcely...before(when)..., no sooner...than...连接的倒装句中，从句的连接词要与前面

的副词搭配；主句一般要用过去完成时，从句用过去时；从句用过去时；主句要倒装，从句不倒装。

Little did he do to stop them cutting the trees. Hardly did I think it poossible. At no time will they come. In no way can they leave freely. Under no circumstances will we be the first to use nuclear weapons.

2. 以副词only和它所修饰的状语（副词、短语或句子）一起放于句首时，须用部分倒装，其句子结构为only + 副词（副词短语或状语从句）+ 助动词或be + 主语。

Only by practicing a few hours every day will you be able to master the language. Only then did he realize what a silly mistake he had made.

3. 在以连词as /though（尽管）引导的让步状语从句中，句子须倒装。其结构为： 名词（无冠词）/形容词/副词/分词 + as /though + 主语 + 谓语动词 + 主句 或动词（实义动词）+ as/though + 主语 + 助动词 + 主句 Child as/though he is, he is always thinking of others. Hero as/though he is, he still has some shortcomings. Heavily as/though it rained, he decided to go there. Try as/though he might, he could not pass the exam. 注意：① as的倒装句是用来加强语气的，可以用though代替。

② 当表语是单数可数名词时，置句首倒装时不定冠词a或an省略。

③ as的倒装语序是部分倒装句中唯一把实义动词提放主语前面的情况，且主语后紧跟一个情态动词或

助动词，情态动词常是may, might, will, would等。

4. 用于so, neither, nor开头的句子，表示生得前句部分内容。表示“??也这样”或“??也不这样”。so用于肯定句中，neither或nor用于否定句中。

They can play chess. So can we. He didn’t come. Neither did his brother. I don’t like green onion, nor does my daughter.

注意：① 如后面带so的句子只是单纯重复前面句子的意思，表示“对”；“不错”，则不需倒装。

--- It’s cool today. --- So it is. --- Your daughter often goes to bed late every night. --- So she does.

② 如果“??也一样”中所表过的事物比较复杂，就用so it is with??的句型。 The boy is good at football, but he can’t play volleyball. So it is with his brother. My husband goes to bed late and gets up late as well. So it is with me.

5. 在以频率状语often, always, once, many a time, now and again, every other day等或以方式状语thus开头的句子中常用部分倒装。

Often does she tell her son not to play computer games. Thus did he finish the job. Many a time has he helped his students whit their written English. 6. 为了表示强调 ，谓语部分中的分词或不定式常被移至句首。 Gone are the days when they could do what they like to us. Surrounding the earth is a large of air of unknown thickness. 7. 在if引导的虚拟条件句中，如果省去if，句子须倒装。 Were there no steel, there would be no modern industry.

Had he been here yesterday, he would have come to watch the football match.

8. 在so...that..., such...that...引导的结果状语从句中，如果把so或such提至句首时，则构成部分倒装。 Such a moving film was it that they were all lost in thought after it was over. So shallow is the lake that no fish can live in it. 9. 在the more... the more...的句型中。 The busier he is, the happier he will be.

The more trees we plant, the better environment we will have. ..10. 在表示祝愿的句子中。 May you succeed! Long live the people!

例1：________ snacks and drink, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.

A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring

解析：答案为B。not only是否定性短语，它放于句首时句子要倒装。 例2：Only after my friend came ________.

A. did the computer repair B. he repaired the computer C. was the computer repaired D. the computer was repaired

解析：答案为C。only修饰状语时句子要倒装。 例3：________, Carolina couldn’t get the door open.

A. Try as she might B. As she might try C. She might as try D. Might she as try

解析：答案为A。as引导的让步状语从句要使用倒装。 例4：--- Father, you promised! ..--- Well, ________. But it was you who didn’t keep your word first.

A. so was I B. so did I C. so I was D. so I did

解析：答案为D。so+主语+do表示对前边的内容的进一步确定，意为“的确如此”；而so+do+主语表示一种情况适应另一人。题中孩子提醒父亲他承诺过的话，父亲当然是只能承认的确如此承诺过。 [巩固练习]

..1. ________, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. ..A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be ..C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student ..2. --- Maggie had wonderful time at the party. --- ________ and so did I. ..A. So she had B. So had she C. So she did D. So did she ..3. I failed in the final examination last term and only then ________ the importance of studies. ..A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize ..4. Mary never does any reading in the evening, ________. ..A. so does John B. John does too C. John doesn’t too D. nor does John ..5. In the dark forests ________, some large enough to hold several English towns. ..A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakes C. many lakes lie D. many lakes stand ..6. They have a good knowledge of English but little ________ they know about German. ..A. have B. did C. had D. do ..7. Not only ________ interested in football but ________ beginning to show an interest in it. ..A. the teacher himself is; all his students are B. the teacher himself is; are all his students ..C. is the teacher himself; are all his students D. is the teacher himself; all his students are ..8. --- You forgot your purse when you went out. --- Good, heavens, ________. ..A. so did I B. so I did C. I did so D. I so did ..9. Only when the war was over ________ to his hometown. ..A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier retuned ..C. retuned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return 10. Only when your identity has been checked ________. ..A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in 11. ________ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research. ..A. So curious the couple was B. So curious were the couple ..C. How curious the couple were D. The couple was such curious 12. Never before ________ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. ..A. has this city been B. this city has been C. was this city D. this city was 13. --- Well, I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast. --- ________. ..A. So it is B. So is it C. So does it D. So it does 14. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ________ with each other. ..A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled 15. Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else ________ such a beautiful palace. ..A. can you find B. you could find C. you can find D. could you find

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16. Of the making of good books there is no end neither ________ any end to their influence on man’s lives. ..A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there 考点二：强调结构 [备考清单]

（一）强调句型的结构

注意：强调部分可以是除谓语和表语以外的任何其它句子成分。 I saw the man in the park yesterday afternoon.

It was I that saw the man in the park yesterday afternoon.（强调主语） It was the man that I saw in the park yesterday afternoon. （强调宾语） It was in the park that I saw the man yesterday afternoon.（强调地点状语） It was yesterday afternoon that saw the man in the park.（强调时间状语） （二）强调句型的几种句式 1. 肯定式 It is ...that... It is green that they have painted the walls. 2. 疑问式 Is it...that...? Was it the boy who lost his schoolbag?

Who/When/Where/How...is it that...? Who was it that broke the glass yesterday?

It is/was...that..., isn’t /wasn’t it?

It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital, wasn’t it? 3. 几种特定句式

It was not until...that...（强调not...until...结构） It was not until last week that he told me the news. It’s..., not...who...（不是??而是??） It is you, not he who are to meet him at the airport. It is/was not...but...that...（不是??而是??，that后的动词应与but后的名词或代词保持人称和数的一致） It is not help but obstacles that make a man. 使人成才的不是助力而阻力。 It is/was...not...that..., It is /was ...that...not （是??而不是??，that后的动词应与not前的名词或代词保持一致） It is the prevention of disease rather than its successful treatment that has led to the rapid increase of the world’s population. （三）使用强调句型时的注意事项

1. 强调句型开头总是用it，不用that/this代替。

2. 强调句中的连接其余部分的词常用taht，可指人，指物，指时间，批地点，指原因，指方式等。也可以用who。但不可用when指时间，用which指物，或用where指地点。

It is three days ago that（不用when）I saw him.

3. 可强调because从句，不可强调since或as从句。也不可强though或although从句。 4. It后的动词be总要用is/was,和It保持一致关系。不受强调部分单、复数的影响。 It is Tom and I who are going to look after him.

5. 判别强调句型的方法：去掉It is和that后，句子是完整的，不缺少任何成分，即是强调句型。这是区别强调 句型和主语从句、定事从句的重要依据。

It was on February 12, 1809 that Lincoln was born. （强调句型） It was February12, 1809 when Lincoln was born. （状语从句） It is the girl who made such a stupid mistake. （强调句型） This is the girl who made such a stupid mistake. （定语从句） It’s clear that the girl made such a stupid mistake. （主语从句） 6. 与强调句近似的句型

It + be + adj./n.V-ed + that从句 该句型中的it是形式主语，that引导的是真正主语从句。 It is important that we should learn English well.

It is our duty that we should do something to protect our environment. It is reported that a new subway will be built in our city.

It + be + 时间段 + since... 如果since和延续性动词连用，意为：某人不做某事已经有多久了；如与短暂性动词连用，意思量：某人做某事已有多久了。

It is two months since he fell ill. 他病了两个月了。

It is two months since he was ill. 他病好已经两个月了。

It + be + 时间段 + before... 意思是：多长时间以后某事发生 It was a long time before the met again. 很长时间后它们才见面。 It was not long before he came back. 没过多久他就回来了。 It + be...when... 表示某事发生正是??时候

It was 1945 when the World War II ended.（这是个强调句，去掉it was...that后仍是一个完整句子。）

7. 注意强调句型用于复合句或其它复杂结构的情况。

It must have been his brother that you met in the exhibition hall yesterday.

It was because it raised so many difficult questions that the book took a long time to come out.

It was the man who received good training when he was a little boy that won the gold medal in the competition. 例5：Why! I have nothing to confess. ________ you want me to say?

A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that

解析：本题答案为A。 这题是考查强调句在问句中的使用，句型结构是：疑问词 + is/was it + that从句。句中所要强调的是say的内容，也就是强调宾语。因此选项C和D不正确。B选项中不是问句的语序，也不正确，因此选A为正确答案。

例6：It was with great joy ________ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.

A. because B. which C. since D. that

解析：本题答案为D。此题考查对句子结构的掌握。这是一个强调句，强调的是介词短语词组with the great joy作状语这一部分。这句话的意思是：他带磁卡极大的喜悦收到这个消息——他失踪的女儿找到了。如果把since和because作为引导原因状语从句来看，句中的it就没法解释。另外要注意的是，句中news后还有一个同位语从句，用来表明news的内容。

例7：It was ________ back home after the experiment.

A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go

解析：本题答案为C。这是一个强调句，强调时间。其句子结构应该是：It is/was + 强调部分 + that从句。所以正确答案选C。该句的句意是：直到半夜他才做完实验回家。容易错选的是A项，因为很容易把倒装句的概论与强调句混杂在一起。另外还有一点要提及注意的是not...until在非倒装句中是分开的，如本句：He didn’t go back home until midnight after the experiment。但在倒装句中not until 通常放在一起。如果单纯的按强调句的结构，把it is...that...去掉，把要强调的部分提前，这题就会选B为正确答案。 [巩固练习]

17. --- The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they? --- ________. ..A. I guess not so B. I don’t guess C. I don’t guess so D. I guess not 18. It was only with the help of the local guide ________. ..A. was the mountain climber rescued B. that the mountain climber was rescued ..C. when the mountain climber was rescued D. then the mountain climber was rescued 19. It is what you do rather than what you say ________ matters. ..A. that B. what C. which D. this

20. It is these poisonous products ________ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. ..A. who B. that C. as D. what 21. It wasn’t until nearly a month later ________ I received the manager’s reply. ..A. since B. when C. as D. that 22. --- ________ that he managed to get the information? --- Oh, a friend of his helped him. ..A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it 23. It was for this reason ________ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. ..A. which B. why C. that D. how 考点三：省略 [备考清单]

（一）概念及意义

省略是为了避免重复，突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接一种语法手段，可使语句简练，避免重复。 （二）用法

1. 在以when, while, if, since, once, as, than等引导的状语从句，如果主语与主句主语一致，主语可省略。如果主谓结构为“主语 + 系动词”时，则主语和系动词均可省略。

When (he was) young, he studied Russian. She’ll be here to give you help when (it is) necessary. They work with as much as enthusiasm as young people (did). He told me not to use more material than (it is) necessary.

2. 在同一语句或紧密相连的对话中，作宾语或宾语补足语的不定式再次现现时，to后的内容常省略，只保留to。可用于这类的动词有：like, love, mean, hope, wish等；用带不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：tell, ask, order, allow, permit, expect等；形容词有：glad, happy, willing, able, ready等。

The doctor wanted to operate, but he wasn’t be able to. Don’t such anything unless your teacher tells you to. I know why you couldn’t play me, but I want you to next year.

3. 简单句中常有一些成分被省略掉。这种情况在对话中尤为普遍，不管是回答别人的问题，不是接着别人

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