译林牛津版高一下学期英语期末复习资料 - 图文

式的进行式表示对现在进行事物的推测 表示推测的否定和疑问结构不能用must须用can 说明 她一定在等着我们。 1. The door is locked; she cannot be at home. 门锁了，她一定不在家。 2. Can the news be true? 这消息可能是真的吗？ must 和have to 都可以表示必须，但must 着重说话人的主观看法，而have to强调客观需要。 另外，have to 有多种时态形式。如： 1. We must learn at least a foreign language well. 我们必须学好至少一门外语。 2. Mother was ill, so I had to look after her at home. 母亲病了，我得在家照顾她。 will/would的用法: 用法 例句 用干各种人称，1. I will do anything my country asks me to do. 表示意愿、意志我决心做祖国需要我做的任何事。 或决心 2. Xiao Hong said that she would help me with my maths. 小红说她愿意帮助我学习数学。 用于第二人称的1. Will you give this note to Tom as soon as he comes back? 疑问句，表示征汤姆一回来，你把便条给他，好吗？ 求对方的意见或2. Would you mind explaining it again? 向对方的请求。请你能再解释一遍好吗？ Would 比will更 委婉客气些 will表示现在的1. Fish will die without water. 某种倾向或习没有水鱼就会死。 惯。 Would 表2. They will have a party every Saturday evening. 示过去习惯发生他们总会在周六晚上举行晚会。 的动作 3. He would go for a walk every evening when he stayed at the hotel. 当他位住在旅馆的那段时间，他有每天傍晚散步的习惯。 Would like“愿1. I would like to hear your opinions. 意，要” 我愿意听听你的意见。 2. Would you like to have a chat with me? 你愿不愿意和我一起聊天？ Would rather 1. I would rather stay at home than go to the cinema. “宁愿，较喜欢” 我宁可呆在家里也不愿意去看电影。 2. He would rather have tea. 他喜欢茶。 3. I would rather not go to the concert. 我宁愿不去参加音乐会。

说明 would 和used to 都表示过去的习惯，但used to 表示这种习惯现在已停止，used to 后面可用状态动词或动作动词，而would后只能用动作动词。 1. I used to smoke heavily, but I don?t any more. 我过去烟瘾很重，但现在不抽了。 2. He would go to see his grandfather on Sunday when he was in middle school. 他中学时星期天常去看望祖父。 3. Ben used to be a heavy smoke. 本曾经是一杆老烟枪。 Shall/should 的用法： 用法 例句 Shall (表示说话1. You shall not leave your post. 者的意图、许诺、你不得离开岗位。（命令） 警告、命令、决2. You shall see her again before long. 心等，用于陈述不久你就会见到她。（允诺） 句第二、三人称中) 必须，应 Shall (表示强烈We shall have to be ready. 意志和不可避免我们一定得准备好。 性，用于陈述句第一、第三人称) 一定 Shall (在条约、The new regulation shall take effect on June 1st. 规章、法令等文新章程自6月1日起施行。 件中表示义务或规定，一般用于第三人称) 应，必须 Shall (在问句中Shall I close the door? 要不要我把门关上？ 表示征求对方意Let?s go to the cinema, shall we? 见，主要用于第我们去看电影好吗？ 一、第三人称) ??好吗？??要不要？ Should（表示义1. You shouldn?t be so careless. 务责任）应当，你不应该这样粗心大意。 应该 2. He should have told me the news earlier. Should have 他本来应该早些告诉我这消息。 done含责备之意 Should（表示语1. If he should fail to come, ask Jack to work in his place.

气较强的假设） 万一他不来，就叫杰克代替他工作。 万一, 竟然 2. Should it rain tomorrow (或If it should rain tomorrow), the meeting would be postponed. 万一明天下雨，会议就延期。 Should（表示可1. They should have arrived in Beijing by this time. 能性、推测、推 他们这是该已到北京了。 论）可能, 该 2. The report is written after careful investigation, so it should be reliable. 这份报告是经过周密调查写成的，所以该是可靠的。 Should（表示委1. I should like to have a talk with you. 婉、谦逊）可, 倒 我想跟你谈一谈。 2. You are mistaken, I should say. 据我看，你可搞错了。 should（用于表1. It is proper that no hasty decision should be made. 示必要、适当、 不应当做出匆促的决定。 惊奇、遗憾等的2. It is astonishing that we should find violence here. 从句中）应该； 我们这儿竟然有暴力行为，真令人震惊。 竟然会 Should (用于表1. He suggested that we should make better use of the school 示建议、命令、library. 决定等的从句他建议我们应该更好地使用学校图书馆。 中)应该, 必须 2. The young doctor proposed that he should try the experiment on himself. 青年医生建议在他自己身上做实验。 ought to 的用法 用法 例句 should/ ought to 1. You ought to be attentive at class. 都表示义务、责你在课上应当思想集中。 任。Ought to 的2. He oughtn?t to be so careless in his work. 语气要更强一些 他在工作中不应该如比粗心大意。 后面接肯定的动1. I ought to have washed my clothes last night. 词不定式的完成我昨晚就应当洗衣服了。 式表示过去该做2. You oughtn?t to have wasted so much time. 而未做的事，如你不该浪费这么多时间。 接否定的动词不定式的完成式，则表示一件不该做的事情发生了 Need/dare 的用法： 用法 例句 need作情态动词1. --Need I go with you to the market? ( 情态动词) 常用于否定句或--需要和你一起到超市去吗？

疑问句中，做实--No, you needn?t. I?ll manage all by myself. 义动词不受限制 --不必了，我自己能设法去的。 2. Tom doesn?t need to come to the meeting tomorrow. (实义动词) 汤姆不必明天来参加会议。 need后面跟动词Your elder brother need not have come last night. 不定式的完成你哥哥昨天晚上本来无需来的。 式，用在否定句need not have come指来了，但实际不必来 中，表示做了本did not need to come则表示不必来，实际上没有来 来不必做的动作 dare作情态动词1. The girl dare not go out at night. （情态动词） 常用于否定句或这女孩晚上不敢出门。 疑问句中，做实2. Dare you climb such a steep cliff? 义动词不受限制 你敢攀登如此陡峭的山崖吗？ 3. He doesn?t dare to cross the river.（实义动词） 他不敢过河。 情态动词＋have done 用法 例句 表推测时： 1. ---I didn?t see Mary at the meeting may/might have done（语气不肯定） yesterday. 过去可能 ---She might have been ill, I guess. can?t/couldn?t have done（语气肯定） 2. The streets are all dry. It couldn?t have 过去不可能 rained during the night. must have done（语气肯定） 3. The streets are all wet, it must have 过去一定 rained during the night. 表责备时： 1. He might have given you more help, may/might have done even though he was very busy. 过去本可能做而未做 2. ---Did you listen to the speech? can/could have done ---No, we could have attended it. But 过去本能做而未做 we had a lot of traffic on our way. should have done 3. The plan is dead. Maybe I should have 过去本该做而未做 given more water. ought to have done 4. Your brother?s failed in English again. 过去本应该做而未做 You ought to have given him more help. needn?t have done 5. ---Mr. Smith didn?t come last night, did 过去本不必做却做了 he? ---No. We needn?t have waited for him. A whole night was wasted. Unit3

第一部分 重点词汇讲解

1. come true （希望, 理想等）实现，达到，成真 come vi. 变成，达到（某种状态）