2018版高考英语（话题版）大一轮复习讲义：阶段检测卷含答案（二）

阶段检测卷(二)

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分 听力(略)

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

A

An electric car is powered by an electric motor instead of a gasoline engine.The electric motor gets energy from a controller，which regulates the amount of power，and this is based on the driver’s use of an accelerator pedal.The electric car(also known as electric vehicle or EV) uses energy stored in its rechargeable batteries，which are recharged by common household electricity.

Unlike a hybrid(混合的) car，which is fueled by gasoline and uses a battery and motor to improve efficiency，an electric car is powered exclusively by electricity.Historically，EVs have not been widely adopted because of limited driving range before needing to be recharged，long recharging time，and a lack of commitment by automakers to produce and market electric cars that have all the comforts of gas-powered cars.That’s changing.As battery technology improves by simultaneously increasing energy storage and reducing cost，major automakers are expected to introduce a new generation of electric cars.

Electric cars produce no tailpipe emissions，reduce our dependency on oil，and are cheaper to operate.Of course，the process of producing the electricity moves the emissions further upstream to the utility company’s smokestack，but even dirty electricity used in electric cars usually reduce our collective carbon footprint.

Another factor is convenience.In one trip to the gas station，you can pump 330 kilowatt-hours of energy into a 10-gallon tank.It would take about 9 days to get the same amount of energy from

household electric current.Fortunately，it takes hours and not days to recharge an electric car，because the process is much more efficient.

Just as the major car companies were reducing their electric car programs in 2004 and 2005，the perfect storm was brewing on the horizon：a combination of growing acceptance of global warming，oil price increases and runaway sales of the Toyota Prius，a hybrid car which uses gas and electricity.The major auto companies went right back to the drawing board and emerged with big plans for electric cars.As global oil supplies are used up and oil becomes more and more expensive，electric cars are the logical and ecological alternative for the future. 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了电动汽车的特征及其发展趋势。 21．Which of the following was a reason why electric cars were not popular? Amm.Electric cars were not comfortble. B．Electric cars were much more expensive. C．Automakers failed to market electric cars. D．Recharging electric cars took a long time. 答案 D

解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二段第二句“Historically，EVs have not been widely adopted because of limited driving range before needing to be recharged，long recharging time，and a lack of commitment by automakers to produce and market electric cars that have all the comforts of gas-powered cars.”可知选D。 22．The main purpose of the text is to. A．show readers how hybrid cars work B．persuade readers to buy electric cars C．give readers information about electric cars D．prove that electric cars are superior to gasoline cars 答案 C

解析 写作目的题。本文主要围绕“电动汽车”话题，向读者提供了有关电动汽车的相关信息、发展现状以及发展前景。

23．What’s the writer’s attitude towards the future of electric cars? A．Negative. C．Objective. 答案 B

解析 观点态度题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“As global oil supplies are used up and oil becomes more and more expensive，electric cars are the logical and ecological alternative for the future.”可知，作者对电动汽车的未来持乐观态度。

B．Positive. D．Doubtful.

B

Salvador Dali(1904－1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists.The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings，sculptures，drawings and more.Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces，most importantly ThePersistenceofMemory.There is also L’EnigmesansFin from 1938，works on paper，objects，and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist’s showman qualities.

The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning，the world of birth.The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.

The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities(无限)．“From the infinity small to the infinity large，contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus：amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his theatre-museum in Figueras，” explains the Pompidou Centre.

The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作) with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid，Spain，and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St.Petersburg，Florida.

语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心展览了萨尔瓦多·达利众多的艺术展品，以帮助人们了解萨尔瓦多·达利的作品风格。 24．Which of the following best describes Dali according to Paragraph 1? A．Optimistic. C．Generous. 答案 B

解析 推理判断题。短文首段介绍了艺术家Dali的作品。由“...with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings，sculptures，drawings and more.”一句可知，Dali的作品众多，是一个多产画家。故答案为B。

25．What is Dali’s ThePersistenceofMemory considered to be? A．One of his masterworks. B．A successful screen adaptation. C．An artistic creation for the stage. D．One of the best TV programmes. 答案 A

解析 细节理解题。根据第一段“...the visitor will find the best pieces，most importantly

B．Productive. D．Traditional.

ThePersistenceofMemory.”可知，该作品在Dali的最佳作品中是最重要的，由此可知它是Dali的杰作之一。

26．How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali? A．By popularity. C．By size and shape. 答案 D

解析 细节理解题。根据第二段末句“The exhibition follows a path of time and subject...”可知，Dali的作品是按时间和主题进行布展的。故选D。

27．What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Artworks. C．Donations. 答案 A

解析 词义猜测题。最后一段强调了对主要作品进行了精选(the fine selection of the major works)，又点明contributions来自其他机构，所以可推断出contributions应该属于works的范畴。故选项A正确。

C

Your house may have an effect on your figure.Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.You can make your environment work for you instead of against you.Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.

Open the curtains and turn up the lights.Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating，for people are often less self-conscious(难为情) when they’re in poorly lit places—and so more likely to eat lots of food.If your home doesn’t have enough window light，get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.

Mind the colors.Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites.In one study，people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing，while cold colors make us feel less hungry.So when it’s time to repaint，go blue.

Don’t forget the clock—or the radio.People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals.Begin keeping track of the time，and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes.And while you’re at it，actually sit down to eat.If you need some help slowing down，turn on relaxing music.It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.

Downsize the dishes.Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat.We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate.When we choose a large spoon

B．Projects. D．Documents. B．By importance. D．By time and subject.

over a smaller one，total intake(摄入) jumps by 14 percent.And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short，wide glass than a tall，skinny glass.

语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。当你在家里吃饭的时候，有没有担心自己吃得越来越多，正在变胖？快来看看吧，家里的环境，包括窗户和灯的亮度、墙壁的颜色以及吃饭的速度等都可以影响你的饮食。也许使你肥胖的罪魁祸首就在你的家里！ 28．The text is especially helpful for those who care about. A．their home comforts B．their body shape C．house buying D．healthy diets 答案 B

解析 细节理解题。根据文章首句“Your house may have an effect on your figure.”以及下面几个段落中提到的建议可知，本文是关于如何不变胖的，所以那些“关心自己体形的人”会觉得本文特别有帮助，故选B项。

29．A home environment in blue can help people. A．digest food better C．burn more calories 答案 B

解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.”可知，人们在蓝色的房间里吃饭，要比在黄色或者红色的房间里少吃33%的食物，故B项“减少食物摄入量”正确。 30．What are people advised to do at mealtimes? A．Eat quickly. C．Use smaller spoons. 答案 C

解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one，total intake(摄入) jumps by 14 percent.”可知，应使用较小的汤匙，故C项正确。 31．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Is Your House Making You Fat? B．Ways of Serving Dinner C．Effects of Self-Consciousness D．Is Your Home Environment Relaxing? 答案 A

B．Play fast music. D．Turn down the lights. B．reduce food intake D．regain their appetites