新概念1语法点总结

语法知识点总结1 Lesson1~66

1. 一般疑问句主谓倒装，将be的形式移到主语之前。

陈述句：This is yourshirt.

一般疑问句：Is this your shirt?

2. 否定句在含be适当形式的陈述句中，在be后面加not，变为否定句。

肯定句：This is my umbrella.

否定句：This is not my umbrella./This isn’t my umbrella.

3. 特殊疑问句 who/what/when/which/where/why/where/whose/how等引导的问句豆角特

殊疑问句。

例：What make is this car? This is

What nationality are you? I am Itlian. What is your job? I am an engineer.

How is your life?/How are things?/How is work?/How do you do? Whose is this handbag?/Whose umbrella is it?/Whose is it? Who is he ?/Who are you ? Which one do you want?

Where is the refrigerator?/Where is the table?/Where are those people? 4. 人称代词(主格和宾格)、所有格形容词和所有格代词

人称代词：I you he she it we they（主格） me you him her it us them（宾格） 例：Give me /him/her/us/them a book.

所有格形容词：my your his herits our their 所有格代词：mine yours his hers ours theirs 我的你（们）的他的它的我们的他们的

所有格形容词只能放在名词前面，所有格代词不能放在名词之前，单数和复数都一样。 例：This is my car. That is her coat.

Your car is red, mine is blue. This book is his , not yours. 5. 祈使句表示请求建议命令叮嘱等。谓语动词放在句首，原型。 例：Follow me. /Shut the door,please./Help yourself./Look out. 6. be的一般现在时形式

I am I’m I’m not You are you’re You’re not He is He’s He’s not

She is She’s She’s not It is It’s It’s not We are We’reWe’re not You are You’reYou’re not They are They’reThey’re not 7. 名词的复数形式

名词单数词尾为f或fe，则其复数一律变成ves,即把f或fe变成v,再加es. 如housewife housewives.

有些名词复数形式不规则变化，如man和woman 的复数形式变为 men和women. 8. There+be句型、 there be 结构的疑问句型

说明或者询问人和物的存在或者有时可以使用这个句型结构。 例：There is an ice cream man./An ice cream man is there. 变成只需要将be和there的位置互换即可。 例：There is a book on the table. Is there a book on the table?

There are some books on the shelf. Are there any books on the shelf? 9. Some 和any 的用法

Some表示确定的数量，用于肯定句中。 如：There are some cigarettes in the box. There is some water in the glass.

Any 表示不确定的数量，通常用于疑问句或者否定句中。 There are not any spoons in the cupboard.

Are there any cigarettes on the floor?/No, there aren’t.

10. on介词表示在···上面如：the pens on the desk /the boxes on the floor 11. 定冠词the和不定冠词a/an

The 明确或者特指某个人或者物，用于可数名词单数或者复数、不可数名词前。 a/an用于单数或者以元音开头的名词前，只用于可数名词。 12. Must是情态助动词，表示必须、应当，如 You must···（你必须···）

例：You must sweep the floor./You must go to the hospital.

13. 现在进行时表达此刻正在进行的动作或者事件时候，就用现在进行时。现在进行时由

be(am is are)+现在分词构成。

例：She is sitting under the tree. /She is climbing the tree.

当句中的主语名词变成复数或者人称代词为第二人称或者第三人称时，be的现在进行时形式应为are.

例：What are the cooks doing? They are washing dishes.

疑问式：现在进行时的句子变成一般疑问句时候只需要将助动词提前就可。 例：He is reading a magazine. Is he reading a magazine?

They are walking over the bridge.

否定式：现在进行时变成否定句只需要将否定词not放在助动词之后就可。 例：He is drinking his milk. He is not drinking his milk.

14. 将来时 be(am is are)going to +动词原形构成。表打算、准备、计划做某事。

I am going to put it on the floor.

The meeting is going to begin at nine. She is going to faint. 15. can情态助动词

例：I can see some coffee on the table. Can Sam read this book? I can’t see any coffee.

16. 一般现在时表示现在时段发生或者存在的事件、动作或者行为。

例：I like black coffee. My father works in a bank. I get up at 7.

一般现在时的疑问句和否定句中助动词用do/does.用he she it 做主语时，应使用动词的第三人称单数形式，直接在动词原形后面加s。在疑问句中第三人称时助动词用does。 例：Do you like coffee? Yes, I do.

Does Ann want any milk?

No, she doesn’t. She likes black coffee. 17. What ···like?

What is the weather like today?

What’s the climate like in your country? What’s your brother like? 18. have表拥有具有。

I/we/they have some```.

I/we/they don’t/do not have any```. Do you/they/we have any```?