我国中小企业信息化的现状与问题研究

我国中小企业信息化的现状与问题研究

我国中小企业信息化的现状与问题研究

摘 要

本文在查阅了大量资料，并实地调查了中小企业信息化现状基础上，研究了我国中小企业信息化中存在的问题，指出我国企业信息化建设已取得了阶段性成果。但中小企业信息化建设总体还处于起步阶段。我国中小企业信息化建设主要存在六大方面的问题：信息化建设理念落后，资金严重不足，人才缺乏，管理基础差，面向中小企业的信息化产品缺乏个性化与宏观发展环境不完善。文中提出了转变信息化建设观念，大力推进中小企业信息化服务外包，培养复合型的人才，制定完整的信息化建设规划等措施来促进中小企业信息化的建设。

关键字：中小企业信息化；现状；对策

我国中小企业信息化的现状与问题研究

REWEARCH ON THE PRESENT SITUATION AND PROBLEM OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES

INFORMATIZATION

ABSTRACT

In this paper, a great deal of information available and the field survey of the status quo of the small and medium-sized based on the information to study information technology in China's small and medium-sized problems, pointing out that the construction of enterprise informatization in China has made achievements. However, the overall small and medium-sized information technology is still in its early stages. China's small and

medium-sized information technology primarily in six areas: information technology behind the idea, a serious shortage of funds, shortage of talent, management, the basis of poor information-oriented small and medium-sized lack of personalized products and the macro environment for the development of the imperfect. This paper presents the concept of change in information technology to improve the financing channels, and cultivating talent to develop a complete construction plan and other information-based measures to promote the building of small and medium-sized information technology.

Key words: Small and medium-sized informatization； the Present Situation；

countermeasures

我国中小企业信息化的现状与问题研究

目 录

一 前 言 ···································································································································· 1 二 我国中小企业信息化的现状 ······························································································ 1

（一）中小企业信息化建设取得阶段性成果 ································································ 1 （二）中小企业对信息化的需求 ···················································································· 2 （三）中小企业的信息化发展水平 ················································································ 3 （四）中小企业信息化的投入和应用 ············································································ 3 （五）企业对信息化效果满意度 ···················································································· 4 三 我国中小企业信息化建设中存在的问题 ·········································································· 4

（一）落后的理念阻滞中小企业信息化建设 ································································ 4 （二）中小企业信息化建设资金严重不足 ···································································· 5 （三）中小企业信息化建设人才缺乏 ············································································ 5 （四）管理成为中小企业信息化瓶颈 ············································································ 5 （五）面向中小企业的信息化产品缺乏个性化 ···························································· 6 （六）中小企业信息化的宏观发展环境不完善 ···························································· 6

1 缺乏企业信息化的统一规划、相关标准与规范 ················································ 6 2 缺乏信息安全保障系统和法律保障体系 ···························································· 7 3 缺乏统一规划和标准 ···························································································· 7

四 促进中小企业信息化建设的对策 ······················································································ 7

（一）转变中小企业信息化建设的观念 ········································································ 7 （二）加强信息标准化建设 ···························································································· 8 （三）培养复合型的中小企业信息化建设人才 ···························································· 8 （四）大力推广中小企业信息化外包服务 ···································································· 8 （五）政府和行业协会要积极发挥引导作用 ································································ 8 （六）中小企业信息化要模式创新 ················································································ 9 五 结 论 ···································································································································· 9 参考文献 ·································································································································· 11 致谢 ·········································································································································· 12

我国中小企业信息化的现状与问题研究

一 前 言

企业信息化，就是利用计算机、网络和通讯技术，支持企业的产品研发、生产、管理等诸多环节，采用计算机、通信和网络等现代信息技术实现设计、加工、信息采集和管理的系统化、网络化、集成化，信息流通的高效化和实时化，最终实现企业运行的全面自动化。它分为二个层次，首先是设立的单项应用系统，利用计算机辅助的生产设计、生产制造和经营管理以及单个部门的办公自动化等。其次是将各单项应用系统集成，在企业资源计划系统(ERP)的应用下再造生产流程，形成完备的企业局域网，通过在互联网上设立网站构成电子商务，实现企业的经营、管理、销售、产品展示等，使企业局域网与互联网融合，完成企业的信息化。

中小企业数量占全国企业总数的绝大多数，但其平均寿命却远少于大型企业，很多中小企业的存续期甚至只有二三年，这种现实决定了中小企业与大企业对信息化的需求点不同。在激烈的竞争下，中小企业深切体会到了信息的重要性，对信息化可以促进中小企业发展也基本达成共识。总体上看，认识在不断提高，但在实际操作上的重视程度各个中小企业却相差很大。中小企业竞争环境的变化促使中小企业向信息化寻求出路，信息技术的成熟及成本下降也使中小企业提高信息化水平的积极性进一步提高。许多中小企业在制定中长期发展规划中都把信息化建设作为今后几年要抓好的重点任务。与此同时，网络化发展为中小企业提供信息，为迅速崛起创造了极为有利的条件。其信息化建设的热情与大型企业相比并不逊色。本文意在探讨我国中小企业信息化的现状、存在的问题及对策。

二 我国中小企业信息化的现状

（一） 中小企业信息化建设取得阶段性成果

经过二十多年的发展，我国企业信息化建设已经取得了阶段性成果。截至2004年10月，已有IT应用的中小企业数量四百多万家，其中有20万家左右的中小企业已经具备一定规模的IT应用系统，是中小企业IT市场中最活跃的一个群体。从2004年开始，

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