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A)can’t be;must be B)couldn’t have be;might have been C)must be;can’t be D)can’t have been;must have been
30.I wonder why they haven’t arrived yet.I told them how to get here but perhaps I ______them a map.
A)should give B)had to give C)ought to have given D)must have given 31.— Martin is taking pictures of wild animals. — Oh,no.He______killed.
A)might be B)might have been C)must be D)would probably have been 32.You______me because I didn’t say anything like that.
A)must misunderstand B)may misunderstand
C)could have misunderstand D)must have misunderstood 33.No one______that to his face.
A)dares say B)dares saying C)dare say D)dare to say
34.Some people think that if you can’t say something nice about a person,then you______anything at all.
A)mustn’t have said B)shouldn’t sayC)needn’t have said D)wouldn’t say 35.— Do you believe that James will apologize to Mary? — I don’t know.He______.
A)should B)would C)ought D)will 36.Mr Jones,_______you tell me what has happened?
A) may B) must C) might D) could 37.As it turned out to be a small party,we ________up so formally. A) needn’t dress B) didn’t need have dressed C) did not need dress D) needn’t have dressed
38.I’m sorry I couldn’t get in touch with him before he left.I ______ him earlier. A) had a telephone B) have phonedC) should have phoned D) should be phoned 39.He was a good swimmer so he_______swim to the riverbank when the boat sank. A) could B) might C) succeeded to D) was able to 40.You_______read that article if you don’t want to.
A) haven’t B) can’t C)mustn’t D)needn’t
第九讲不定式
I.学习重点
●不定式(短语)的句法功能●不定式的时态●不定式的语态
●不定式和疑问词连用 ●不定式的复合结构●省略[WTHZ]to[WT]的不定式
Ⅱ.重点讲解
不定式是非限定动词的一种形式，它是由―to+动词原形‖构成的。to是不定式的符号，本身没有意义。不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能单独作谓语。不定式具有名词、形容词、副词的特征，同时也保留动词的某些特征。不定式和自己的宾语、状语构成不定式短语，如：to learn English,to speak at the meeting。不定式的否定形式是在其前直接加not或 never，如：not to be late,never to make such mistakes。不定式既然有动词的特征，当然也就有时态之分，有语态之别。
Ⅲ.自测题
1.They would rather______on with the house building than______it up.
A)to go;to give B)go;give C)to go;give D)go;giving
2.If the work ______by the end of the month is delayed,the construction company will be fined.
A)will be completed B)will have been completed C)to be completed D)being completed
3.Another manmade earth satellite is reported______orbit yesterday. A)to have been put into B)to have been put C)to be put into D)to put into
4.No matter how hard I searched,the receipt was nowhere______.
A)to have found B)to be founded C)being found D)to be found 5.It is hard______the problem without others help.
A)for him to solve B)that he might solveC)for him solving D)his solving 6.______such an attitude is to seek truth from facts.
A)People adopt B)While adopting C)Being adopted D)To adopt 7.Although he tries his best,much work______.
A)remains not done B)remain not to do
C)does not remain to be done D)remains still to be done 8.Some students find______.
A)boring to remember English words B)it to remember English words boring C)it boring to remember English words D)remember English words boring it 9.As a matter of fact,I thought______.
A)it not to criticize him best B)best not to criticize him C)it best to not criticize him D)it best not to criticize him 10.Jones wants______a company by himself instead of ______his father’s. A)to open;taking over B)to open;take over C)opening;take over D)opening;taking over 11.On hearing the bad news,she could do nothing______.
A)but crying B)while crying C)except cry D)only to cry 12.Rather than______any more,I decided to go home by taxi.
A)my waiting B)to have waited C)waiting for D)wait
13.They don’t allow______in the room.
A)to smoke B)us smoke C)us to smoke D)to be smoked 14.The manager could do nothing______the secretary’s suggestion.
A)only to agree to B)until agree to C)but agree to D)except agreeing to 15.Under the pressure of policemen,the criminal______confess his guilt.
A)could not only B)only to C)could not but D)could not unless 16.The brave young man would rather die______.
A)never surrender B)than surrenderC)without surrendering D)not to surrender 17.The companies can not choose______with each other.
A)unless cooperate B)only cooperateC)but cooperate D)apart from cooperate 18.I have spent much time encouraging______.
A)them reading B)that they read C)them to read D)their reading 19.Let’s hurry______be late for the party.
A)in order to not B)to not C)not to D)so as not to 20.I have enjoyed my visit here.I am very sorry______.
A)to leave B)for leaving C)of leaving D)with leaving 21.Have you ever______a lie?
A)know me to tell B)knew me to tell C)know me tell D)known me tell 22.Did you notice the little boy______?
A)took the candy and run away B)taking the candy and run away C)who take the candy and run away D)take the candy and run away 23.John______the report for him.
A)got his sister write B)had his sister write C)made his sister in writing D)let his sister to write 24.The farmhands were made______their work.
A)done B)to be done C)to do D)do 25.He will______except lend you money.
A)do anything for you B)give you anything C)make everything for you D)lend you everything 26.He had nothing to ______the posters outside the house.
A)see except look at B)do except to look at
C)do except look at D)watch except to looking at 27.She would sooner______.
A)starved than surrendered B)starve than surrender
C)starved than to surrender D)to starve than to surrender 28.When the typist saw his funny look,she______.
A)could not help to laugh B)was not able to help laughter C)could not help but laugh D)could not help but laughing 29.— Would you help me with my lessons?
— Of course,but I can do______give you some advice.
A)no more but to B)not more thanC)no more except to D)no more than 30.He was said______a gift from her,knowing that it meant a bribe.
A)to refuse B)to be refused C)to have been refused D)to have refused 31.The manuscript was thought______by Shakespeare.
A)to write B)to be written C)to have written D)to have been written 32.I was pleased______you last month.
A)to meet B)have to meet C)to have met D)meeting 33.It is important for the plan______.
A)to put into practice B)not to put into practice C)to be put into practice D)to be not put into practice 34.The lecture is hard______.
A)to understand B)for understandingC)to be understood D)understand 35.He is said to______the old couple for more than ten years.
A)have looking after B)have been looking afterC)look for D)be looking for 36.There were not much______him.
A)to be interested and amused B)interesting and amusing C)to interest and amuse D)interested and amused 37.I want a book______on the journey.
A)to read B)to be read C)for reading D)having been read 38.These apples are still too green and sour______.
A)that they can be eaten B)that they can’t have been eaten C)to be eaten D)for eating 39.It is very kind______so.
A)for you to say B)for you to have saidC)of you to say D)of that you say 40.I have considered seeing Jane tomorrow,but I haven’t considered______my hand. A)having offered B)to offer C)how to offer D)offered 41.John admitted that it’s always difficult _______.
A) for him being on time B) being on time for him C)for him to be on time D)on time for him 42.A good administrator must know_______.
A) to be firm B) to have firmnessC)the way of firmness D)how to be fir 43.They would rather_______for a walk.
A) going B) be go C)to go D)go 44.Several of these washers and dryers are out of order and _______.
A) need to be repairing B) repairing is required of them C) require that they be repaired D) need to be repaired 45.There was nothing they could do______.
A) but wait B) except waiting C) only to wait D) unless they waited 46.Last night,in a radio address,the president urged us______to the Red Cross. A) that we subscribe B) subscribe C) subscribing D) to subscribe 47.—Where are you going?
—To help the neighbors_______the dinner party.
A) get ready B) getting ready C)get ready for D)by getting ready 48.Now the need_______other peoples’ language is becoming greater and greater.
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