新视野大学英语2读写教程第三版参考答案

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browse browser message messenger consumer consume -ion

negotiate negotiation object objection react reaction

constitute constitution cultivate cultivation define definition expand expansion concentration concentrate civilization civilize Ex.5

1.concentrated 2. messenger 3. civilized 4. Constitution 5. browser 6. objection

7. expansion 8. consume 9. definition 10. cultivation 11. reaction 12. negotiation Ex.6

1 B 2D 3O 4E 5F 6C 7K 8H 9N 10I Ex.7

1. referred to 2 at odds with 3 put off 4 consulting with 5 do their utmost 6 took stock of 7 on track 8 take in Ex.8

It is often said that whatever wealth one may have will be gone quickly if the person only spends. However, some people think the purpose of life is to enjoy moment, so they spend all they have earned. Even though Bryan and Peter are close friends, their spending habits are very different.

Bryan is very careful about using his pocket money. He only spends money when it’s necessary. For example, when his pocket money is only $50,he may spend $20 on necessary stationery for schoolwork. He will try to deposit the remaining $30 in his savings account. In his opinion, though the amount is small, it will help him for a possible rainy day since people never know what could happen in the future.

Unlike Bryan, Peter usually spends money at will. He often purchases expensive electronic products such as an iPhone and iPad. Sometimes, he might buy himself an expensive brand-name shirt or a pair of expensive brand- name shoes. Different from Byan, he never deposits extra money in a bank after meeting his basic needs. To him, saving money in a bank is something silly because he believes that he can always earn big money after he gets a decent job in the future.

All in all, Bryan and Peter are very different in the way they spend money. Spending money wisely and saving extra money for future urgent needs enable students to manage their finance and fully concentrate on their study. They will also derive great pleasure from the way they handle their money. Ex.9

大发现年代，也被称为大勘探年代，是欧洲进行全球勘查的一个历史时期，始于15世纪初并一直持续到18世纪。这一时期通常被认为是中世纪和近代之间的桥梁，当时西方帝国主义刚兴起，欧洲各王国之间正在经济上互相竞争，他们想通过建立贸易路线和殖民地来寻找财富。在这一时期众多伟大的探险家中，最杰出的是克里斯托弗?哥伦布，因为他发现了新大陆。欧洲的海外扩张导致了殖民帝国的崛起，旧大陆与新大陆的接触也促进了两边的互相交换：大量的植物、动物、食物、文化等得到迁移。这代表了历史上生态、农业和文化在全球范围内最重大的活动之一。欧洲大勘探让绘制全球性的世界地图成为可能，从而使人们看到一个新的世界与古老的文明正遥相呼应。 Ex.10

The Silk Road is a traffic route in the ancient times connecting China and Eurasia. This trade route focuses on the trade of silk, hence the name “the Silk Road”. As an international trade channel and a bridge of cultural exchanges, the Silk Road effectively improved the economic and cultural exchanges and development between the East and the West, exerting a profound impact on the progress of the world civilization. Nowadays, under the new historical circumstances, our country proposes the strategy of “One Belt, One Road”(namely the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road). The strategy of “One Belt, One Road” focuses on cooperation and mutual benefits, emphasizing mutual benefits, win-win, as well as common development of the related countries. Once proposed, the strategy has received positive responses from the related countries along the road.

Key to Unit5 Text BReading Skills

1

2. Denotation: examine a place or area in order to get information about it

Connotation: it associates with the feeling of curiosity and anxiousness because it was a new experience and he was eager to find out what he could get for free.

3. Denotation: the right to do what you want without being controlled or restricted by anyone

Connotation: it implies the feeling of delightfulness because he had never used credit card before but now he could start to use it freely.

4. Denotation: not real or not made of natural things

Connotation: the word artificial appears before the word sense to men his sense of security was just a false one. In addition, it connotes that the sense was naive because he was deceiving himself. 5. Denotation: produce, invent, or make up

Connotation: it connotes a sense of large quantity because he had to make up many different excuses and false stories to reject his friends’ offers.

6. Denotation: being unable to walk properly because one’s legs are damaged or injured

Connotation: It associates his emotional feelings with a crippled person to mean that he was in despair and unable to share his feeling with others.

7. Denotation: be unable to breathe properly

Connotation: It implies he was extremely embarrassed and felt guilty to talk about his financial problems. As a result, it was difficult for him to speak out the words. 8. Denotation: an idea or opinion that is wrong

Connotation: It connotes a sense of realization and regrets about the desire to get something free. Because of his illusion, he had to pay much more than a dictionary usually costs, i.e. $3,000. READING COMPREHENSION Understanding the text 2

1.D 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.C 8.C Language focus： Words in use

1.prohibited 2.submit 3.remedied 4.imposed 5.feature6.crisis 7. artificial 8.principal 9.issued 10.isolated Expressions in use5

1.suffering from 2.in accordance with 3.shrugged off4.be entitled to 5. care about 6.tore at 7.access to 8. out of the questionSentence structure 6

1. Follow your doctor’s advice or your cough will get worse. 2. Stand over there and you’ll be able to see it better. 3. Watch your step if you go out or you might fall. 7

1. There is nothing more important than being honest with everyone at school and at work. 2. There is nothing more than helpful than using the Internet to improve my English skills.

3. There is nothing more than encouraging and stimulating than communicating successfully with your colleagues. Collocation： Warm-up

1. seemingly free 2. barely enough 3. easily accessible 4.absolutely needed 5.financially bankrupt 6.completely charmed 7.truly autonomous 8.staggeringly expensive 9.emotionally crippled 8

1. financial distress 2.financial trouble 3.financially bankrupt 4.seemingly free 5.suspend desires 6.easily accessible 7.emotionally crippled

8.artificial sense 9.truly autonomous 10.completely charmed 11.staggeringly expensive 12.buying decisions

Unit6 Section A 1

1B 2C 3A 4E 5D 2

1 An irrational behavior can be described as an action or opinion not based on adequate use of logic and reason:

Be willing to pay much more for a cup of Starbucks coffee when there's cheaper, equally good coffee across the street.

Once a price is established in their minds, they will compare other similar items to this price, not only for the current but also for the future.

Buy products they don't need just because they get something for free in the transaction. Do something just because some other people are doing the same thing.

2 Ignorance - People can be totally unaware about a situation, yet form their own views and judgments. They often tend to

jump to conclusions based on rumors.

Emotions - People take offense or get angry before the actual situation occurs. They become anxious and harbor unrealistic expectations.

Stress - It is the main reason that causes physical as well as mental problems. Stress creates feeling of anger, irritation and frustration.

Blind beliefs - People live entirely on the lines that are drawn by others and do not have their own point of view. They are too conscious about society and its reactions to them.

3 Yes, I'm often irrational because of different kinds of stress, uncertainty about my future, and sensitivity to how people look at me.

No, I don't think I'm irrational because I always use my logic and common sense to judge things and react to what has happened to me.

Scripts:

As the most intelligent animal on this earth, we are supposed to behave in a rational way, i.e., act according to logic and reason required in a situation. But does that really happen? Do we always behave rationally? Certainly not. There are a lot of people who behave irrationally, causing problems to themselves as well as to others. Irrational behavior is part of human nature, but as MIT Professor Ariely has discovered, people tend to behave irrationally in a predictable fashion. Though we cannot explain the exact cause behind irrational behavior, we know that it is a manner of behavior not based on logic and reasoning. I would like to give you an example of irrational behavior. If a person has heard about someone suffering from some disease, he will start thinking that he may suffer from the same disease. This is irrational and illogical behavior. I don't think this behavior is always intentional.

Reading comprehension Understanding the text 1

1 He was imposing on his troops a necessary sacrifice to achieve victory over their opponents. By doing this, the soldiers would be more determined and concentrated on the battles.

2 The purpose for the experiment is to investigate seemingly irrational human behavior when making a decision, such as the tendency for keeping multiple options open.

3 The experiment enabled people to see why it's always so hard for them to say \them. In everyday life, people just give excuses to keep options open.

4 Students should quickly check all the doors and keep clicking on the one with the highest cash. They should absolutely ignore the vanishing doors.

5 Because we can see that the students didn't really focus on ensuring future cash earnings. What they tried to avoid was the immediate pain of watching options close.

6 Because in life the doors are closing slowly, not like the ones on the computer in the experiment, people don't really see the opportunities actually vanishing away little by little.

7 He suggests that people should prohibit overbooking, reduce options, delegate tasks to others, and even give away ideas to others to pursue.

8 People can obtain pleasure and satisfaction by focusing their energy and attention in a more concentrated fashion. They will have more with fewer, carefully chosen options. Critical thinking 2

1 ~ Surprising but very strategic and visionary.

~ Reflection of his unique foresight and wisdom. ~ Knowledgeable about winning battles. ~ Experienced in fighting with enemies. 2 ~ Interesting and thought-provoking. ~ Reflect students' mentality. ~ Meaningful and valid.

~ May not be convincing to some people. 3 ~ Both consequences are surprising.

~ Both are about choices and decision-making. ~ Both have to do with strategies. ~ Both focus on human's mentality. 4 ~ Afraid of losing potential opportunities. ~ Too greedy and too ambitious.

~ Over-confident about their real capacity. ~ More choices, better chances.

5 ~ Fewer options, more focused concentration.

~ Fewer choices, better quality. ~ Everything has two sides.

~ Too much greed ends up with nothing. Language focus 3

1 implement 2 rival 3 motivating 4 discarded 5 fluctuating 6 prejudiced 7 restore 8 enlightening 9 profit 10 investigate Word building 4

Words learned New words formed -ic

strategic sympathetic confirmation location reflection provision installation registration quote sympathize criticize industrialize 5

1 sympathize 2 confirmation 3 strategic 4 installation 5 quote 6 sympathetic 7 criticize 8 location 9 reflection 10 industrialize 11 provision 12 registration Banked cloze 6

1 M 2 D 3 H 4 0 5 F 6 L 7 I 8 C 9 J 10 A Expressions in use 7

I was attached to 2 be measured in 3 come in handy 4 clinging to

5 pay a big price 6 are exhausted from 7 imposed on 8 revolve around Structure analysis and writing Structured writing8

There are a lot of people who behave irrationally, causing problems to themselves as well as to others. It's hard to analyze the exact causes behind irrational behavior, but we know that it is a manner of behavior that is not based on logic and reasoning. Irrational behavior is caused by various factors but two stand out.

The first main factor that contributes to irrational behavior is uncontrolled emotions. Irrational people take offense or get angry before the actual situation occurs. They become anxious and express exaggerated emotions such as crying and shouting. They have unrealistic expectations, expecting everyone to like them and if someone does not, they feel angry and neglected. It is fairly common for people to show such signs of irrationality.

Too much stress can also lead to irrational behavior. In fact, these days, stress is the major cause of physical as well as mental problems. Stress creates feelings of anger, irritation and frustration. For instance, when you spend a stressful day in the office, it makes you anxious. You start releasing your frustration or stress by screaming at your family members for small reasons like a badly prepared meal. That day you feel everything is wrong.

In summary, uncontrolled emotions and too much stress can result in irrational behavior. To behave rationally is not an easy job because the behavior is internalized. However, to discover the source of your irrationality will help you behave more rationally. Translation 9

极简主义是指去掉多余的，仅保留需要的部分、用最简单的话来说，极简的生活方式，就是生活得越简单越好,直到获得心灵的平静，这种简单既是精神上的，也是身体上的：这样的生活方式会减轻压力，带来更多自由时间．并增强幸福感、极简主义者会说．他们生活得更有意义了，更从容了，极简的生活方式让他们着眼于生活中更重要的事物：朋友、爱好、旅游和体验。当然，极简主义并不意味着拥有物质财富从本质上来讲有什么不对。现在的问题似乎在于，我们往往太重视所拥有的东西，而常常抛弃了健康、人与人之间的关系、我们的热情、个人成长，以及帮助他人的愿望。极简主义除了在我们的口常生活中可以得到应用，还存在于很多创意领域，包括艺术、建筑、没汁、舞蹈、电影、戏剧、音乐、时尚、摄影和文学等。 10

National Happiness Index (NHI) is an index that measures how happy people are. It is also a tool that measures the levels of economic development and people's livelihood and happiness in a country or region. With the fast growth of Chinese economy, the Chinese government has been paying more and more attention to people's living quality and the increase of happiness index. The government stresses improvement of its people's livelihood, striving to improve their economic conditions and meet their growing material and cultural needs. Currently, the Chinese government advocates the unleashing of more reform dividends, with the aim of offering more real benefits to its people. All these measures will combine to effectively increase the NHI of our people.

Unit 6 Text B