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英语学习讲义

小题提分练6 语法填空＋短文改错

限时30分钟

第1组—————————————— 语法填空 (原创)

The American space agency NASA last week 1 (mark) the 50th anniversary of the 1969 Apollo 11 moon landing. Though the celebrations reminded people 2 the program has not been to the moon since 1972. But NASA aims to change that soon. NASA has set its sights on newer, bigger and more 3 (challenge) goals than ever before. Its new moon program 4 (call) “Artemis”. The first mission is set for next year, without a crew. Artemis 2 plans 5 (send) astronauts around the moon in 2022. Artemis 3 is expected to touch down on the moon's south pole in 2024.

Researchers of NASA are all working 6 (real) hard to land the first woman and the next man on the moon by 2024, and apply what they learn 7 future missions, such as missions to Mars.

NASA is not the only program 8 big goals. Private 9 (company) such as Boeing and Space X are developing vehicles to take astronauts into Earth orbit and to the International Space Station. China's national space program has also announced a big goal, 10 (aim) at landing a crew on the moon in the next 10 years.

答案与解析

【语篇解读】 今年是阿波罗登月50周年纪念，美国国家宇航局最新登月项目Artemis，计划明年进行无人登月计划。

1．marked 考查动词的时态。设空在句中作谓语，且句中

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英语学习讲义

时间状语是last week, 故用一般过去时，填marked。

2．that 考查名词性从句。句意：这些庆祝活动提醒人们该项目自1972年来没登录过月球了。分析句子结构可知，设空后的“ 2 the program has not been to the moon since 1972”是宾语从句，从句在结构和句意上均完整， 应用that引导宾语从句。

3．challenging 考查词形转换。 设空在句中作定语，修饰名词goals, 应用形容词作定语，表“具有挑战性的”， 填形容词challenging。

4．is called 考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。program 与call是被动关系，应用被动语态，且指客观事实， 应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数，故填is called。

5．to send 考查非谓语动词。根据plan to do sth. “计划做某事”的用法可知，此处填不定式作宾语。

6．really 考查词形转换。设空在句中作状语，修饰形容词hard, 应用副词，填really。

7．to 考查动词搭配。根据语境“将所学知识利用到将来的任务中”可知，此处是apply ... to ... “将……利用到……中”的用法， 故填介词to。

8．with 考查介词。句意：NASA并不是唯一一个有远大目标的项目。此处表示“有”， 应用介词with。

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英语学习讲义

9．companies 考查名词的数。设空后的such as 引出两个例子，且谓语是are, 故主语应用复数名词，填companies。

10．aimed 考查非谓语动词。设空所在句中已有谓语has announced, 设空前无连词，故设空在句中作非谓语， be aimed at doing sth. “旨在做某事”，一般用物作主语，在句中作定语或状语时，应用过去分词形式，故填aimed。

短文改错 (2020届成都高三调研)

One Saturday morning, I suddenly noticed my room was a completely mess, what really annoyed me. I realized too many useful things took up a lot of space. So I decided to throw it away and do some cleaning. It took me a whole day get all the works done. Finally the room was tidy again and everything was in the order.

This was also true for life. we add more and more to our life, hoped to get a better life. But sometimes the more we add, the bad our life becomes. After all, sometimes less is more.

答案与解析

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英语学习讲义

①completely→complete 考查形容词。在句中作定语，修饰名词mess, 应用形容词complete。

②what→which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是“房间很乱这个情况”， 从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。

③useful→useless 考查形容词。上文提到房间很乱，下文提到要扔掉这些东西，由此可推断出这些东西是没用的，故用形容词useless。

④it→them 考查代词。throw的宾语指代上文提到的many useless things, 故用代词them代替。

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