2018高考新课标卷英语（附答案解析）

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D

We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.

What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.

Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t

even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. ＂Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,＂ he explains. ＂The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.＂

In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. ＂It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,＂ says Dunn. ＂But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.＂

Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. ＂Small talk is the basis of good manners,＂ he says. 32. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?

A. Addiction to smartphones.

B. Inappropriate behaviours in public places. C. Absence of communication between strangers.

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D. Impatience with slow service.

33. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?

A. Showing good manners. C. Focusing on a topic.

B. Relating to other people. D. Making business deals.

34. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?

A. It improves family relationships.

B. It raises people’s confidence. D. It makes people feel good.

C. It matters as much as a formal talk. 35. What is the best title for the text?

A. Conversation Counts C. Benefits of Small Talk

B. Ways of Making Small Talk

D. Uncomfortable Silence

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 36 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.

? Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. 37

? Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start. 38 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.

? 39 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.

? 40 If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.

There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.

A. You will stick to your diet. B. Your quality of sleep improves.

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C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.

D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning. E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.

F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.

G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!

第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Two weeks earlier. my son . Ben ,had got in touch , he’d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d 41 seen him . So imagine my 42 when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.

I was 43 ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to 44 . The bay was 45 in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little 46 .I realized one kayak（皮划艇）was in 47 . “Something’s not 48 !” I took off my T-shirt and 49 into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was 50 violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors . I helped 51 the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something 52 to me. Those brown eyes were very 53 . “What’s his name ?” I asked the instructor. “Ben,” he replied, and immediately I 54 . That stranger was my son!

The instructors called for an ambulance.55 ,after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to 56 and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben 57 to me. “I just want to say thank you,” he said, “You 58 my life !”

I still can’t believe what a 59 it was. I’m just so glad I was there 60 to help my son.

41.A. also

B. often B. relief B. shocked B. stay B. clean B. closer

C. even

D. last

D. worry D. ashamed

42.A. delight 43.A. scared 44.A. talk

C. anger

C. thrilled C. meet C. deep

D. settle D. formed

D. wiser

45.A. bathed 46.A. faster

C. heavier

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47.A. trouble 48.A. real

B. advance B. right B. sank B. fighting B. persuade

C. question C. fair C. dived

D. battle D. fit D. fell

D. shaking

49.A. stared 50.A. arguing 51.A. lead

C. shouting

D. keep

C. carry

52.A. happened 53.A. sharp 54.A. agreed 55.A. Fortunately 56.A. return 57.A. joked 58.A. created 59.A. coincidence 60.A. on board

B. occurred C. applied D. appealed

B. pleasant B. hesitated B. Frankly B. relax B. turned B. honored B. change

C. attractive C. doubted

D. familiar D. knew

D. Suddenly

C. Sadly

C. speak

D. leave

D. pointed

C. listened

C. saved

D. guided

D. pain D. on purpose

C. pity C. for sure

B. in time

第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country 61 （grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.

A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.

According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its

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