电梯plc控制设计毕业论文

沈阳航空航天大学北方科技学院毕业设计（论文）

摘 要

随着科学技术和社会经济的发展，高层建筑已成为现代城市的标志。电梯作为垂直运输工具，承担着大量的人流和物流的输送，其作用在建筑物中至关重要。目前，电梯的控制系统主要有继电器控制系统、PLC控制系统、微机控制系统，由于继电器本身的机械和电惯性大，大大降低了电梯系统的可靠性和安全性，微机控制系统虽然在智能控制方面有较强的功能，但也存在着抗干扰性差、系统设计复杂、难维护等缺陷，而PLC控制系统运行可靠性高，抗干扰性强，设计和调试周期短，已成为目前电梯控制中最常用的控制方式。

本文在介绍电梯基本结构的基础上，阐述了电梯的拖动原理和控制原理，重点分析了电梯系统设计中如何用PLC实现控制系统并编制控制程序。在分析了电梯系统的软件设计方法基础上，设计出了软件流程图，提出了模块化编程思想，用梯形图编程实现了指层、厅召唤、选层选向等功能。最后采用西门子S7-200对电梯实现系统控制。 关键词：电梯控制；PLC；S7-200

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沈阳航空航天大学北方科技学院毕业设计（论文）

Abstract

As science and technology and the social and economic development, high-rise buildings has become a modern symbol of the city. Elevator as the vertical transport, bear a large number of people and logistics transportation, and its role in the building is essential. Currently, the main elevator control system relay control system, PLC control system, computer control system, due to the mechanical and electrical relay itself inertia, greatly reducing the elevator system reliability and security, computer control system, although in the intelligent control there is a strong feature, but there are also poor immunity, system design complexity, difficult maintenance defects, and PLC control system operation, high reliability, strong anti-jamming design and debug cycle is short, elevator control has become the most commonly used control methods. This paper introduces the basic structure of the elevator on the basis of the principle expounded drag lift and control theory, the focus of how the design of the elevator system with PLC control system and the preparation of control programs. After analyzing the elevator system software design method based on the design of a software flowchart proposed modular programming ideas, with a mean level ladder programming, hall call, choose Layer option to other functions. Finally Siemens S7-200 system control of the elevator.

Keywords: Elevator control; PLC; S7-200

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沈阳航空航天大学北方科技学院毕业设计（论文）

目录

摘 要 ........................................................................................................................................ I Abstract ..................................................................................................................................... II 目录 .......................................................................................................................................... III 1概述 ......................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 电梯控制概述 ............................................................................................................ 1 1.2 电梯控制技术的发展 ................................................................................................ 2 1.3 电梯的构造 ................................................................................................................ 3 1.4 本文研究主要内容 .................................................................................................... 5 2 LPC介绍 ................................................................................................................................. 6

2.1 PLC的发展历程 ......................................................................................................... 6 2.2 PLC组成及特点 ......................................................................................................... 7

2.2.1 硬件的可靠性 ................................................................................................ 7 2.2.2 编程简单，使用方便 .................................................................................... 8 2.2.3 接线简单，通用性好 .................................................................................... 8 2.2.4 可连接为控制网络系统 ................................................................................ 9 2.2.5 易于安装，便于维护 .................................................................................... 9 2.3 PLC的工作原理 ....................................................................................................... 10 2.4 PLC的编程语言 ....................................................................................................... 11 3 总体设计方案 ...................................................................................................................... 12

3.1总体设计方案的确定 ............................................................................................... 12

3.1.1 PLC与继电器控制系统比较 ....................................................................... 12 3.1.2 PLC与微型计算机的比较 ........................................................................... 13 3.1.3 PLC控制的电梯系统 ................................................................................... 14

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沈阳航空航天大学北方科技学院毕业设计（论文）

3.2设计思想 ................................................................................................................... 14 4 电梯控制系统硬件设计 ...................................................................................................... 16

4.1 四层电梯控制主回路原理图 .................................................................................. 16 4.2 可编程控制器机型的选择 ...................................................................................... 17 4.3 硬件设计方案的确定 .............................................................................................. 19

4.3.1输入/输出点的分配 ..................................................................................... 19 4.3.2 PLC外部接线图 ........................................................................................... 20

5 软件设计 .............................................................................................................................. 23 5.1 PLC的编程语言 ............................................................................................................... 23

5.2系统结构框图 ........................................................................................................... 23 5.3 电梯控制梯形图程序 .............................................................................................. 28 6 电梯控制程序的仿真调试 .................................................................................................. 39

6.1 STEP 7- Micro/WIN概述 ....................................................................................... 39 6.2程序仿真 ................................................................................................................... 40 7 总 结 .................................................................................................................................... 43 参考文献 .................................................................................................................................. 44 致 谢 ........................................................................................................................................ 45

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