新目标八年级上册语法基础题

新目标八年级上册 英语语法知识点精讲+练习

（一）一般将来时

一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do （动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is going to rain. will do 结构表示将来的用法：

1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain? You will feel better after a good rest.

2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow?

一般疑问句构成： （1）will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? （2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won?t

否定句构成：will + not （won?t）+do Sarah won?t come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成： 特殊疑问词＋will＋主语＋…？What will Sarah do next Sunday?

根据例句，用will改写下列各句

例：I don?t feel well today. （be better tomorrow） I?ll be better tomorrow. 1. Gina has six classes today. （have a lot of homework tonight） _____________________________

2. I?m tired now. （sleep later） _____________________________

3. My parents need a new car. （buy one soon） _____________________________ 4. We can?t leave right now. （leave a little later） _____________________________ 5. The weather is awful today. （be better tomorrow） _____________________________

（二）should的用法：

should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not. 例如：I think you should eat less junk food. 我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。

She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot. 她经常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。

Students shouldn?t spend too much time playing computer games. 学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。 学习向别人提建议的几种句式： （1）I think you should… （2）Well, you could…（3）Maybe you should … （4）Why don?t you…? （5）What about doing sth.? （6）You?d better do sth.

★★练一练★★

用should或shouldn?t填空

1. I can?t sleep the night before exams. You ______ take a warm shower before you go to bed. 2. Good friends ______ argue each other. 3. There is little milk in the glass. We _______ buy some. 4. They didn?t invite you? Maybe you ______ be friendlier.

5. I am a little bit overweight. So I think I _______ do exercises every day.

（三）过去进行时

过去进行时表示过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作。 1. 构成 was /were + doing，例如： I was watching TV at 9 o?clock last night.

at 9 o?clock last night是时间点 They were playing football all afternoon. all afternoon是时间段 2. 过去进行时的标志词

at 8 o?clock last night, this time yesterday等。例如： I was having lunch at home this time yesterday. 昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。 At that time she was writing a book. 那阵子她在写一本书。（表示她在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。）

★★练一练★★

用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. This time yesterday I ____ _____（read）books. 2. At 9 o?clock last Sunday they _____ _____（have）a party. 3. When I _____（come）into the classroom, she ________ ______（read）a storybook.

4. She _____ ______（play）computer games while her mother ____ ______（cook）yesterday afternoon.

5. I _____ ______（have）a shower when you _______（call）me yesterday.

（四）间接引语 形成步骤：

（1）不要逗号，冒号，引号 （2）要考虑到人称的变化（人称的变化与汉语是一致的） （3）要考虑时态的变化 （4）要考虑时间状语、地点状语和语示代词的变化。 1. 直接引语变成间接引语时，几个主要时态的变化规律 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 2. 直接引语变成间接引语时，一些词汇的变化规律 直接引语 间接引语 1. am / is 1. was 2. are 2. were 3. have / has 3. had 4. will 4. would 5. can 5. could 6. may 6. might ★★练一练★★ 用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. She said I _____（be）hard-working. 2. Peter told me he _____（be）bored yesterday.

3. She said she _____（go）swimming last Sunday. 4. Bobby said he _____（may）call me later. 5. Antonio told me he _____（read）a book then. 1. I go to the beach every Saturday. （Tom） 2. I can speak three languages. （Lucy） 3. I will call you tomorrow. （Mike）

4. I?m having a surprise party for Lana. （she）

（五）if引导的条件状语从句

结构：if＋一般现在时，主语＋将来时 含义：如果……，将要…… 例如：If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请求他，他会帮助你。 If need be, we?ll work all night. 如果需要，我们就干个通宵。

根据中文提示，完成句子。

1. 如果你参加聚会，你将会过得很开心。If you ________ the party, you __________. 2. 如果明天下雨，我们将不去野餐。If it __________ tomorrow, we ___________.

3. 如果你经常听英文歌，你将会喜欢英语的。 If you often ________, you _________________.

Jack wanted to ask for two days off, 1 he had only learnt the phrase （短语）“have a day off”. He 2 , then he had an idea. “Grandmother is ill. May I have a day off, 3 ? ”he asked the teacher. “Of course, you can. ”replied （答复）the teacher at once. After a while, the boy came to 4 at the teacher?s door. “May I have a day off 5 ? ”The teacher was very surprised, “Didn?t you 6 it just now? ”“Yes, sir. But I can?t be here 7 , either. ”The teacher understood him and could not help 8 . Then he said with a smile, “Why didn?t you say?May I have two days off? ?”The boy answered quickly 9 a loud voice. “But you only 10 us?have a day off! ?” （ ）1. A. but B. and C. or D. for

（ ）2. A. thought hardly B. thought hard and hard C. hard thought D. thought and thought （ ）3. A. Miss B. sir C. teacher D. Mr （ ）4. A. strike B. best C. hit D. knock （ ）5. A. also B. again C. too D. once （ ）6. A. speak B. tell C. say D. do

（ ）7. A. tomorrow B. the day after tomorrow C. yesterday D. the day before yesterday （ ）8. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughed D. laughing （ ）9. A. with B. on C. in D. by （ ）10. A. teach B. taught C. are teaching D. were teaching

完形填空选择题的一般解题思路是：

1. 跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。先跳过空格，通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文，获得整体印

象，做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨，较好地把握短文大意。要在阅读理解短文意思的基础上才开始判定选择，切忌仓促下笔。

2. 结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案。在理解全文意思的基础上，再结合所给备选项细读全文，联系上、下文内容，注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题的提示，以词、句的意义为先，再从分析句子结构入手，根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑，对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选，排除干扰项、初步选定答案。

3. 瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做，一下子不能确定答案的，先跳过这一空格，继续往下做，最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文，随着对短文理解的深入，可以降低试题的难度，提高选择的正确率。

4. 复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。完成各道题选择后，把所选的答案代入原文，再把全文通读一篇，逐空认真复查。看所选定的答案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确，是否符合习惯表达法。如发现错误答案或有疑问的，应再次推敲、反复斟酌、做出修正。 完形填空试题的一般解题思路是：

（ ）1. Beijing won the chances _________ the 2008 Olympics. A. to host B. host C. hosting D. hosted

（ ）2. Tiger Woods can make billions ______ dollars a year. A. for B. with C. of D. on （ ）3. －You looked so beautiful at the party. －_______.

A. No, I don?t think so B. Of course C. Thank you very much D. No, I?m not beautiful （ ）4. The text is very easy for you. There are ______ new words in it. A. a few B. a little C. few D. little

（ ）5. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shopkeeper ________ “Who Moved My cheese”was an

interesting book. A. that B. what C. how D. if

（ ）6. －In our English study reading is more interesting than speaking, I think.

－I don?t agree. Speaking is _______ reading.

A. as important as B. so important as C. the more important D. the most important （ ）7. If he ________ harder, he?ll catch up with us. A. work B. works C. Worked D. will work （ ）8. The manager ________ that the business would be worse after the stock （股票）went down. A. talked B. told C. said D. spoke

（ ）9. We should keep _________ in the reading-room. A. quiet B. quietly C. quite D. quickly （ ）10. －I think everything goes on well. －_______. A. So I do B. I do so C. So do I D. So is I （ ）11. If you want to watch TV, you may turn _______. A. down B. it on C. on it D. it off （ ）12. I?m sorry I haven?t got any money. I?ve ________ my handbag at home. A. missed B. left C. put D. forgotten （ ）13. He is listening to the music _______ she is washing clothes. A. after B. before C. that D. while （ ）14. It takes ________ time to go to Beijing by plane than by train. A. more B. fewer C. longer D. less

15. －Excuse me. Have you got an eraser? －Sorry, I haven?t. Why ______ you ask Mary? Perhaps

she?s got one. A. do B. don?t C. did D. didn?t 三. 根据汉语提示填空：

1. 不知道该怎么办，你能给我点建议吗？ I don?t know ________ to do, can you give me some _______? 2. 外星人正在买纪念品的时候，我给警察打了个电话

While the alien was _______ a souvenir, I ________ the police. 3. 我放学回家的路上，看见一只猫从窗户里跑了出来。

On my way home from school, I saw a cat get ________ _______ a window.

4. 我不想在电话里跟你谈论这件事情。 I don?t want to talk _________ it with you _________ the phone. 5. 我们要在周五晚上为约翰举办一个惊喜的晚会。

We are going to have a _______ party for John ________ Friday evening. 一、单项选择 1.-- _________ you go to the movies with me ? -- Sorry, I ______ go to a meeting. A. Could , can B. Could, have to C. Can, may D. Can, can?t

2.Linda forgot _________ her homework yesterday, so the teacher was mad at her .

A. write B. to write C. wrote D.writing 3. Mr Lin is ____________ teacher in our school.

A. most popular B. more popular C the most popular D.populariest 4. I have _________________ to tell you.

A. something important B. anything important C. important something D.everything important 5.There ______________ a basketball game in our school tomorrow.

A. has B. is going to be C. is going to have D.will

6. I hate_______ until late in the evening. A. works B. worked C. working D.to work 7. “ What?s the matter with Kate?” “ She has _________________.” A. a tooth B. a cold C. a dentist. D. a teethache

8. _______ your father usually watch TV at home? A. Is B. Did C. Does D.will 9. It takes me an hour __________ the letter. A. to write B. write C. writing D.wrote 10. In China some students went to school on foot, ________ ride bikes. A. others B. the other C. other D.any other 11. -The apple is too big. -You can ______ first.

A. cut it up B. cut them up C. cut up them D. cut up it

12. He was invited to______ Joe?s birthday party. A takes part in B.take part in C.took part in D.joined 13. -______ yogurt do we need? -One cup is ____.

A. How many ok B. How long do C. How much enough D. How far enough 14. Please put some relish on ______ bread. A. one B. any C. two D. one piece of 15. -Did you meet our English teacher? -______.

A. Yes, I was B. No, I didn't C. Yes, I didn't D. No, I did

16. He didn't have a day ______ last week. A. off B. of C. away D. from 17. After hard work, I felt tired ______ happy. A. and B. or C. but D. so 18. He wants to become an actor ______ the future. A. to B. on C. at D. in

19. Don?t______. I have something special to tell you. A.hold on B hang up C hung up D hang on 20. You are never ______ young ______ start doing things. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. to; too

21.His hair ______ shorter than ________. A. is, her B. are, hers C. is, hers D.will be, her 22. The shirt is ________ than the coat.

A. a little expensive B. little more expensive C. a little more expensive D much expensive 23.Neither Tom ____ Jane is late for class, they are ____good students. A.or all B.nor both C.or both D.and quite 24.It?s too late. Please stop _________ and go home.

A. play soccer B. playing soccer C. to play soccer D.to playing, soccer

25.We?re ____ too old ____. A.even, to learning B.hardly, to learn C.not learn D.never,to learn 26. All the books_______today,so please come tomorrow. A. is sell B are selling C.is sold D.have been sold 27.Did Tina meet a famous actor ? --Yes. She _________Jake Dean. A. meet B. met C. meets D.meeting

28.He ______ any prizes last week. A. doesn?t win B. didn?t win C. didn?t won D.lose 29. Jim is as ______ as Mike,they are_____the same age.

A. young,for B. younger,with C. youngest,on D.young, of 二、根据所给汉语意思完成下列各句，每空一词。

31. 我的弟弟擅长打乒乓球。My brother is ______ ______ ______table tennis.

32. 王小姐在大学主修英语和管理。Miss Wang ______ ______ English and management in the university. 33. 你还有别的什么要说吗？ Do you have ______ ______ to say? 34. 请把牛奶倒进杯里。 Please ______ the milk ______ the cup.

35. 她很聪明，每个人都喜欢她。She is ______ ______ ______everyone likes her.