英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华

14. She was praised for her working hard.

15. Every country invited will be represented by its Prime Minister or Foreign Minister.

三、将下列汉语被动句译咸英语主动句。 1. Have you read today's papers? 2. The book reads difficultly. 3. Shall we do this exercise? 4. Don't tell them about it.

5. The start of operations at the tunnel aquarium, with an investment of RMB 100 million, tipped the balance of the tourism product offerings in China.

三、将下列汉语主动句译咸英语被动句。 L The roads were being widened.

2. Production costs had been greatly reduced.

3．Electricity can be transmitted over a long distance. 4. Such books are written for children. 5. When was the building completed? 6. The factory is run by his father.

7. Language is shaped by human thought. 8. What language is spoken there? 9. A thief was caught yesterday.

10. An agreement was arrived at after a while. 11. A picture by Picasso is hung on the wall. 12. A telephone was fitted up in the pavilion. 13. The findings will be published on Wednesday. 14. It is said that the meeting will not be held.

15. It is decided that I will meet them at the airport. 16. It is known that matter is in constant motion.

17. When asked how she felt, she said: \

18. It will be seen that his reason for thinking the earth is not round is a rather precarious one.

19. All teachers and staff are requested to meet in the conference room at 2:00 p. m. on Friday, March 16 to hear a report.

20. According to sources with the police, the gangsters who were alleged to have involved themselves with the smuggling of dinosaur egg fossil pieces were being investigated and hunted so as to bring them to justice.

笫十一章 断句合句译法

第一节 断句译法

将下列汉语句子译成英语，注意对原文的断句处理。

1. The singing did not last very long. Soon, together with the sound of the flute, it faded away in the darkness.

2. After all, father has much more worldly experience than her. So he will be able to tell, at a glance, what kind of man her boyfriend is.

3. China and Japan are close neighbors separated by just a strip of water. The relations between our two countries have a history of more than 1,000 years.

4. In order to solve the problem, it is necessary to make a systematic and thorough investigation. This is the process of analysis.

5. The living standard of farmers has been raised steadily. The majority of farmers have enough food and clothing while quite a few are leading a quite comfortable life. 6. It must be admitted that every nation has its strong points. If not, how can it survive? How can it progress?

7. He is, however, eccentric. He does not seek fame and gain, and does not like to make friends. Every day he is only engaged in his own job.

8. We want peaceful reunification with Taiwan which is part of our sacred territory. Our policy in this regard is also known to all and will not change. The desire for peace蚰reunification of the motherland is taking hold in the hearts of the entire Chinese nation.

9. The Amazon Basin has a world famous, complex ecosystem. Chinese scientists, for the first time, came to this region in July, 2004, to make scientific probes and studies. 10. However, the French usually are not so ready with such a formality. Both sides will greet each other and even chat casually about any topic and then excuse themselves. Only when they find they like each other and hope to further the relationship, will they exchange cards. It will seem very unnatural to do so before any real conversation gets underway.（居祖纯 译）

第二节 合句译法

将下列汉语句子译成英语，注意对原文的合句处理。

1. Bei Hai Park, covering an area of 68.2 hectares, was the imperial garden in the Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.

2. It would be much appreciated if you would inform us whether the company can be relied on to abide by agreement hence qualified to be an agent on our behalf.

3. Mr. Wang walked hurriedly along, preoccupied with his own thoughts, but the kaleidoscopic street scenes continuously forced themselves on his attention.

4. A massive sandstorm has enveloped most of Northern China, covering the capital Beijing in a shroud of dense dust and reducing visibility to less than 50 meters in some areas.

5. What could be read from that face? Tenacity, humor, resourcefulness, a man fully dedicated to revolution without any thought of himself, and also, perhaps, cool-minded, objective and thoughtful．

6. Pure science has been subdivided into the physical science, which deals with the facts and relations of the physical world, and the biological science, which investigate the history and workings of life on this planet.

7. It has become all too apparent that all the physical and biological systems that make

life possible on this planet are being progressively degraded and thrown off balance by the impact of the growing human population and its ever increasing demands． 8. Though not big, Wiesbaden, famous for its magnificent opera houses and concert halls, used to be a popular resort for dignitaries such as Indian princes and Russian Czars, who were said to pay their annual visits to it.

9. Among primitive people, a person is seen as a dependant part of nature, a frail reed in a harsh world governed by natural laws that must be obeyed if he is to survive.

10. A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps, for there is a companionship of books as well as of men.

笫十二章 长句的翻译

第一节 复杂句子的成分分析

将下列各句翻译成英语，注意句中各种成分的相互转化。

1. She got into her chair and was soon carried through the city wall. Peeping through the gauze panel which served as a window, she could see streets and buildings more rich and elegant and throngs of people more lively and numerous than she had ever seen in her life before.

2. The moon is a world that讧completely and utterly dead, a sterile mountainous waste on which during the heat of the day the sun blazed down with relentless fury, but where during the long night the cold is so intense that it far surpasses anything ever experienced on the earth.

3. The years of university expansion and the emergence of a research culture were the same years that saw increases in the number of women entering the university both as students and as faculty.

4. This power of observation consists in a dual quality of being sensitive to, and curious about, small accidental occurrences and of possessing a frame of reference capable of suggesting the true significance of those phenomena.

5. What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man and woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science?

6. The performance of the navigation system was compared with two existing algorithms, and the experimental results showed that the proposed architecture provides an efficient and flexible solution for higher level control problems.

7. Some Greek philosophers held that all matter was made up of the same four \– earth, fire, air and water; and many people therefore thought that if these elements could be rearranged, one substance could be changed into another, for example, a base metal could perhaps be turned into gold.

8. Throughout the ages only honest laboring people see the truth that wealth is created through labor. Only they can free their minds of any fantastic ideas of getting rich.

And only they create and accumulate wealth for both society and themselves through practical work.

9. The general result of this system's operation over a long period is that relatively a handful of rich capitalists have, by hook or by crook (most crook), grabbed possession of big industries, banks, railroads and shipping lines, as well as most of the nation's natural resources, such as coal, oil, iron, copper and lumber.

10. Owing to the remarkable development in mass-communications, people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above.

11. After the founding of New China, a PLA unit came to this place. Defying the intense heat and overcoming untold difficulties, they built one canal after another to bring to the desert water from the melting snow on the mountains. They also constructed many reservoirs. As a result great changes have come to the barren desert. Today the Gobi Desert yields bumper harvests of grain and cotton every year. There are now towering trees, and apples and grapes in the orchards giving out inviting fragrance. Here is a magnificent picture of how the people by their own hands have transferred nature. (Translated by Xiong Deni)

笫二节 复杂句子的归化处理

把下列句子译成英语，注意翻译时的归化处理。

1. It was only by the husband's incessant labor that they could draw a meager living from their land.

2. If Guangzhou is like a city of jadeite in the daytime, it becomes a luminous pearl, with a sea of lights twinkling in the streets after the sun sets in the west.

3. He smiled at that, with a rueful curve of his lips, but his eyes were alight with an emotion she was afraid to identify.

4. Overall, there could be a net gain in jobs, but the WTO membership will not reverse the trend of growing rural and urban unemployment. It is likely to aggravate disparities between regions as areas unencumbered by large members of state-owned enterprises make the biggest gain. (The Economist )

5. Full attention must be paid to theoretical research in the natural sciences, including such basic subjects as modern mathematics, high energy physics and molecular biology. Negligence in this respect will make it impossible for us to master and apply the results of advanced world science and technology and properly solve important problems in our construction.

6. Shenzhen Helicopter Airport, opened in 1983, is 22 km from downtown. The airport covers an area of 300,000 m2 and owns 17 parking areas for 50 helicopters. Its 800-meter-long runway is available for small fixed-winged airplanes to take off and land.

7. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

8. It was greatly changed, looking desolate in its emptiness. There was little furniture