考博、专八部分考题翻译答案-经典的小短文

（原 文）

1997年2月24日我们代表团下榻日月潭中信大饭店，送走了最后一批客人，已是次日凌晨3点了。我躺在床上久久不能入睡，披衣走到窗前，往外看去，只见四周峰峦叠翠，湖面波光粼粼。望着台湾这仅有的景色如画的天然湖泊，我想了许多，许多……

这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大家走到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中，有着各自不同的生活经历，但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华文化优秀传统的印记，都拥有着振兴中华民族的共同理想。在世纪之交的伟大时代，我们的祖国正在走向繁荣富强，海峡两岸人民也将加强交流，共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。世纪之交的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战将青年推到了历史前台。跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪，这是我们必须回答的问题。

日月潭水波不兴，仿佛与我一同在思索……

（参考译文）

On February 2, 1997, our delegation checked into the ZhongXin Hotel by the side of the Riyuetai Lake. It was already 3 o'clock early the next morning by the time I saw off the last group of guests. For a long time, I could not fall asleep, even though I was comfortably lying in the bed. Putting on my clothes again, I got off the bed and walked to the window. Extending my eyes into the distance through the window, I was greeted by the view of the surrounding mountains and hills shrouded in layered greenness and the silvery flickering of waves scuttling across the surface of the Pool. Looking at the sole naturally-formed picturesque lake in Taiwan, I felt an infinite train of thoughts passing through my mind … …

The current visit to Taiwan for exchange, brief and cursory as it is, has enabled us to see many places, to visit old friends while making new acquaintances. Whenever people gather together, an important topic of discussion has been how the Chinese nation can become prosperous and powerful in the 21st century. Although the young people on the Mainland and in Taiwan live in different social contexts (environments / milieus), with their individually different experiences of life, in the innermost recesses of their hearts are wrought an indelible mark by the fine traditions of the Chinese culture. They all cherish the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation (They share the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation). In this great epoch at the turn of the century, our motherland is developing toward greater prosperity and powerfulness. People across the Taiwan Straits are bound to strengthen their exchanges and will mutually promote the earliest possible achievement of the great cause of reunification of the motherland. The precious opportunities and the tremendous challenges at the turn of the century have pushed the young people to the foreground (forefront) of the historical arena (stage). At this transitional phase between the two millennia, in what way the young generation should embrace the forthcoming new century replete with hopes is a question to which we have to seek an answer.

In the Riyuetai Lake, the waves across the lake surface have by now all vanished. Enveloped in utter tranquility, the Lake has joined me in deep thoughts … …

Section B: Translate the following underlined part of the English text into Chinese

（原 文）

I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader. American literary historians are perhaps prone to view their own national scene too narrowly, mistaking prominence for uniqueness. They do over-phrase their own literature, or certainly its minor figures. And Americans do swing from aggressive overphrase of their literature to an equally unfortunate, imitative deference. But then, the English themselves are somewhat insular in their literary appraisals. Moreover, in fields where they are not pre-eminent - e. g. in painting and music -they too alternate between boasting of native products and copying those of the Continent. How many English paintings try to look as though they were done in Paris; how many times have we read in articles that they really represent an \tradition\

To speak of American literature, then, is not to assert that it is completely unlike that of Europe. Broadly speaking, America and Europe have kept step. At any given moment the traveler could find examples in both of the same architecture, the same styles in dress, the same books on the shelves. Ideas have crossed the Atlantic as freely as men and merchandise, though sometimes more slowly. When I refer to American habit, thoughts, etc., I intend some sort of qualification to precede the word, for frequently the difference between America and Europe (especially England) will be one of degree, sometimes only of a small degree. The amount of divergence is a subtle affair, liable to perplex the Englishman when he looks at America. He is looking at a country which in important senses grew out of his own, which in several ways still resembles his own - and which is yet a foreign country. There are odd overlappings and abrupt unfamiliarities; kinship yields to a sudden alienation, as when we hail a person across the street, only to discover from his blank response that we have mistaken a stranger for a friend.

（参考译文）

在某种程度上，我赞同我那假想中的英国读者的观点。美国文学史家或许惯于过分狭隘地看待其本国文坛，误将卓著当作独特。他们确实会用过多的笔墨来渲染其本国文学，至少，对其次要作家他们肯定会这样做。此外，美国人确实会走极端，要么咄咄逼人地大肆渲染其文学，要么进行着同样不幸的亦步亦趋式的顶礼膜拜。但反过来说，英国人自己在其文学鉴赏中也显得有些狭隘愚陋。此外，在他们并无上乘表现的领域--例如绘画与音乐，他们也会走极端，不是吹嘘他们本国的作品，就是大肆模仿欧洲大陆的作品。有多少幅英国绘画试图看上去仿佛是在巴黎完成的；但我们又有多少次曾在文章中读到它们真正代表着一种\英国式的传统\呢？

那么，要谈论美国文学，倒并非意欲断言，它与欧洲文学全然大相径庭。广而言之，美国与欧洲一直同步发展，协调一致。在任何一个特定的时刻，旅行者在两地均能目睹同一样式的建筑实例，相同款式的服饰，书架上相同的书籍。在大西洋两岸，思想如同人员与货物

往来一样自由交流，尽管有时会略显迟缓。当我提及美国式的习惯、思想等概念时，我意欲在\美国式的\这一词汇之前加上某种限定，因为欧美（尤其是英美）之间的差异往往只是程度上的差异而已，并且有时候仅仅只是微乎其微的一点程度差异而已。差异的多寡是件极为微妙的事务，这极容易使一个英国人在审视美国时大惑不解。他所审视的那个国家，从某些重要的意义上来说，诞生于他自己的国家，并在某些方面仍与他自己的国家相差无几--然而，它却实实在在是一个异邦。两者间存在着某些古怪的交替重迭，以及令人甚感突兀的陌生感；亲缘关系已让位于一种突如其来的异化与疏远，这种情景仿佛就像我们隔着马路向另一个人打招呼，结果却从这个人漠无表情的反应中发现，我们原来竟然错将生人当成了熟人。

The attributes of a good teacher 好教师应具备的优点

I find it hard to identify any other profession which can claim to have such a significant impact on our lives. Doctors may heal, engineers may build. But teachers mould lives and the future of our nation. 我发觉要指明哪一类专业人才对我们的一生能起最大的影响是不容易的。医生能治病，工程师能建屋子，然而，教师却能塑造我们的一生和国家的前途。

What makes a teacher so special? 是什么使教师与众不同？

Teachers who touch our hearts are invariably those who go the extra mile, who act beyond the mere routine performance of their duties. Teachers whom we remember best and whom we appreciate most are those who show they genuinely have their student's welfare and interests at heart. 能够深深影响我们一生的教师，必然是那些能够超越自己的职务范围，负起日常工作以外的职责的教师。令我们最长久怀念，最深切感激的教师，都是那些对学生的福利与切身利益衷心关怀的教师。

I know of teachers who could have worked with the brightest students, but who chose to be posted to schools where they could put their effort into helping those who have difficulty coping.

我知道有一些教师，他们原可以和那些最聪明的学生一起学习，然而，他们却选择被派到别的学校，以便有机会尽他们的能力去帮助功课上有困难的学生。 I know of many teachers who take time to listen to their students' personal problems, who visit their students' families at home after school hours to better understand their home environment, and of some who even help needy students pay their way through school.

我也知道有许多教师常在百忙之中，拨出时间，细心听取他们的学生所遭遇的个人问题；在放学后，不辞劳苦的到学生的家中造访，以便更加了解他们的家庭环境。更有一些教师甚至资助家境贫寒的学生完成他们的学业。

Every gesture of concern and generosity, however small it may be, makes someone's day, and is rarely forgotten.

教师所表现的每一种关怀之情和慷慨之举，无论多小，都会使受益者欣喜不已，极少人过后会忘记。

Good teachers know that their job is not just to impart knowledge, they understand that teaching is more than just instructing. Good teachers inspire in their students a love for learning through their enthusiasm and passion for their subject, and through their own efforts to

continually develop new skills and embrace new ideas in order to bring a fresh perspective to every lesson.

好的教师知道他们的职责不单是向学生灌输知识，他们深切体会到教学工作不只是授课。好的教师运用对所教导的科目的热忱和爱好，来激发学生的学习兴趣，并不断构想新方法和汲取新观点，来为每一堂课注入新的生命。

Above all else, good teachers have the ability to make every student feel that he is a winner. They have faith in their students' abilities, and believe that every child has the potential to be anything he wants to be.

最重要的是：好的教师能使每一名学生深信自己事事都能胜任。他们绝对信任学生的能力，深信每一名孩子都有发挥潜能成为心目中要成为的人物。 Good teachers give their students a sense of self-worth, encourage them to dream, and show them how to pursue those dreams.

好的教师使学生自我肯定本身的能力，鼓励他们勇于追求梦想，并从旁引导他们如何实现这些梦想。

It is clear that high expectations and demands are placed on teachers. Forty years ago, teachers were on a pedestal. In a society where few parents had any education, parents brought their children to school and placed their education in the hands of teachers, trusting them to do for their children what they themselves were unable to do.

显然，人们对教师有很高的期望、很大的要求。40年前，教师被视为知识的权威。在一个只有少数家长有受过良好教育的社会里，家长把儿女送到学校，把他们托付给教师，完全信任教师能为他们的儿女做他们所不会做的事。

Today most parents are well educated. They question and place demands on schools and teachers. Our teachers have to respond by keeping pace with new developments in their profession and constantly upgrading themselves so that they can continue to command the respect of their students, parents and society.

今日的家长已多数受过良好的教育，他们常常对学校和教师提出诸多的问题和要求。我们的教师应该与时并进，熟悉教育事业的各种新发展，并不断提升自己，这样才能赢得学生、家长和社会的尊敬。

The results of a teacher's work may not be immediately obvious, but the rewards and sense of satisfaction he or she enjoys from reaching out and touching the lives of others is immeasurable.

教师的工作成绩也许不能立竿见影，但是他们为教育事业献身，为塑造下一代前途所作的努力，从中所获得的回报与满足感却是不能限量的。

Over the years, letters of appreciation, words of thanks, and visits from former students provide the encouragement and reassurance that all the effort has been worth it. And ultimately, what means most to any teacher, must be to hear a former student say, \I had, and the reason I teach today.\

这些年来，许多表扬的信件、感激的词语和已毕业的学生回校探访，对教师们来说都是激励的泉源，同时也一再的证明他们所付出的努力是值得的。而最终，对任何一位教师来说，最有意义的事，莫过于听到一位以前的学生说：“您是我一生中最好的老师，也是我决定当教师的原因。”