(完整word)2018高考全国1卷英语真题

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题屮所给的A、B、C三个选项屮选 出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话仅谈一遍。

例：How much is the shirt? A.￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。

1. What will James do tomorrow? A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report. 2. What can we say about the woman? A. She’s generous. B. She’s curious. C. She’s helpful. 3. When does the train leave? A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30. 4. How docs the woman go to work? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独內。每段对话或独A后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman regret?

A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major. 7. What is the woman interested in studying now?

A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.What is the man?

A.A hotel manager. B. A tour guide. 52 C. A taxi driver. 9.What is the man doing for the woman?

A. Looking for some local foods. B. Showing her around the seaside. C. Offering information about a hotel. 听第8段材料，冋答第10至12题。

10. Where docs the conversation probably take place?

A. In an office. B.At home. C. At a restaurant. 11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?

A. Go to a concert. B.Visit a friend. C. Work extra hours. 12. Who is Alice going to call?

A.Mike. B.Joan. C. Catherine. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13.Why does the woman meet the man?

A. To look at an apartment. B. To deliver some furniture. C. To have a meal together. 14. What does the woman like about the carpet?

A. Its color. B. Its design. C.Its quality. 15. What does the man say about the kitchen?

A. It’s a good size. B. It’s newly painted. C.It’s adequately equipped. 16. What will the woman probably do next?

A.Go downtown. B. Talk with her friend. C.Make payment. 听第10段材料，回答第丨7至20题。 17. Who is the speaker probably talking to?

A. Movie fans. B.News reporters. C. College students. 18. When did the speaker take English classes?

A. Before he left his hometown. B. After he came to America. C. When he was 15 years old.

19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher?

A. He’s proud. B.He’ssympathetic. C. He’s grateful. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?

A. How education shaped his life. B. How his language skills improved. C. How he managed his business well. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）

阅淡下列短文，从每題所给的A、B、C和D叫个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours

Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.

Duration: 3 hours

This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability - and the cherry blossoms - disappear!

Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour

Duration: 3 hours (4 miles)

Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington,D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.

Duration: 3 hours

Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线）make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.

Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour

Duration: 3 hours (7 miles)

Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington,

D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offersunique factsand history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All ridersare equipped withreflective vests and safety lights.

21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?

A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour. C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour. 22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?

A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park. C. Visit well-knownmuseums. D. Enjoy interesting stories. 23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?

A. City maps. B. Cameras. C. Meals. D. Safety lights.

B

Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role - showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.

In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home eachweek andwith the help ofchef Matt Tcbbutt offers top tips on how to reduce foodwaste,whilepreparing recipes forunder ￡5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.

“We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant.” she explains. “I pay ￡5 for a portion (―份)，but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”

The eight-part series (系列节目) Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.

With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes. 24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?

A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests. B.She has started a new programme.

C. She dislikes working early in the morning. D.She has had a tight budget for her family. 25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?

A. He buys cooking materials for her. B.He prepares food for her kids. C. He assists her in cooking matters. D.He invites guest families for her. 26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?

A. Summarize the previous paragraphs. B.Provide some advice for the readers. C. Add some background information. D.Introduce a new topic for discussion. 27. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.Keeping Fit by Eating Smart B.Balancing Our Daily Diet C.Making Yourself a Perfect Chef D.Cooking Well for Less

C

Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by Hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.

Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanishand Chinese arc increasingly taking over.

At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1.000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数）of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.

Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡)，with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival. 28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?

A. They developed very fast. B.They were large innumber. C. They had similar patterns. D.They were closelyconnected. 29. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined inparagraph 2?

A. Complex. B.Advanced. C. Powerful. D.Modem. 30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?

A.About 6,800. B.About 3,400. C. About 2,400. D.About 1,200. 31. What is the main idea of the text?

A. New languages will be created. B. People’s lifestyles are reflected in languages. C. Human development results in fewer languages.