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重点词语辨析900例

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第二部分 重点词语辨析900例 ·79·

lift:提起(由上)。例如:

例275:He lifted a stone, only to drop it on his own foot.(他搬石头砸自己的脚。) 例276:She went shopping, lifting a basket. (她提着箩筐,购物去了。)

rise:上升(相当于go up);起身(相当于stand up);起床(相当于get up)。例如: 例277:Prices rise day by day. (价格一天天上涨。) 例278:Sales rose by 20% over the Christmas period. 例279:The sun rises in the east.

例280:The old lady was too weak to rise.

例281:I was about to rise when another guest came in.

(我正要起身,这时又进来一位客人。)

例282:Thomson rises at 6:00 every morning.

arise是不及物动词,主要意义为“出现,产生”,常用于借喻。例如: 例283:Some new difficulties have recently arisen in our work.

(最近在我们的工作中又出现了一些新困难。)

例284:A strong wind arose and blew over our boat. (一阵狂风吹起,刮翻了我们的小船。)

57.receive / accept receive:收到,获得;款待,遭受。例如:

例285:Yesterday we received his e-mail, telling us that he was well received by the native

students while he was receiving further education in the States.

(昨天我们收到他的电子邮件,说他在美国进修期间,很受当地学生的欢迎。) accept:接受,答应。例如:

例286:He didn’t accept the invitation he received yesterday.

例287:I cannot accept you as my assistant. (我不能接收你为助手。)

58.remember / remind / memorize

remember:记忆,回忆。表示过去的事情留在记忆里,无需经过有意识的努力便可在脑子中出现。例如:

例288:I remember paying him already. (我记得已给他报酬了。) 例289:Please remember to turn off the lights when you leave the office.

(离开办公室时请记得关灯。)

memorize:记住,熟记。相当于learn … by heart。例如:

例290:Please memorize the first paragraph of the passage. (请熟记本文的第一段。)

remind:提醒,使想起。表示由相似之物或相关人员引起联想,唤起记忆。例如: 例291:The song reminded me of my childhood. (这首歌使我想起了我的童年。)

59.require / demand / request require,demand和request都有“要求”的意思,其宾语从句多用虚拟语气。require侧重于制度方面的要求;demand侧重于理直气壮的要求;request侧重于客气的要求。如:

·80· 第二部分 重点词语辨析900例

例292:It is required that everybody (should) go to school at 7:00. (要求每个人7点到校。) 例293:The workers demanded that they (should) be given a rise. (工人们要求加工资。) 例294:All I request of you is that you (should) be early. (我对你的要求就是你应该早点来。)

60.result in / result from

result in:导致,引起。相当于lead to,cause。例如:

例295:Careless driving resulted in the accident. (粗心驾驶导致这场事故。)

result from:由于,产生于。相当于lie in。例如:

例296:The accident resulted from careless driving. (这场事故是由于粗心驾驶造成的。)

61.rob / steal / pick rob:抢劫,掠夺,指公开用暴力抢劫他人财物,常用于rob somebody / someplace of something结构。例如:

例297:He was robbed of his wallet.

steal:偷窃(指暗中窃取),常用于steal something from somebody / someplace结构。例如:

例298:Robins is accused of stealing thousands of dollars from his employer. 例299:When he got home he found his TV set stolen. 比较: 例300:When he got home he found his house robbed.

(此处不能用stolen,房子不可能被偷走,偷走的只能是东西。) pick:扒窃(常与pocket连用)。例如:

例301:Someone picked my pocket on the bus the other day.

62.run out / run out of

run out:耗尽。其后不接宾语,无被动结构,相当于give out。例如: 例302:Our oil has run out.

run out of:耗尽。其后应接宾语,有被动结构,相当于use up。例如: 例303:We have run out of our oil. 例304:Our oil has been run out of.

63.say / speak / talk / tell

say:说。常用作及物动词,对某人说用say to sb。例如: 例305:What you said is wrong. 例306:How do you say it in English?

例307:He said to me, “I will come here soon.”

speak:讲。除讲某种语言以外,不用作及物动词,其后常跟to, with, on, of等引起的短语。例如:

例308:He is speaking at the meeting.

例309:You oughtn’t to have spoken to your uncle like that.

第二部分 重点词语辨析900例 ·81·

例310:He speaks English well.

talk:谈。指两人或两人以上的一般交谈,一般用作不及物动词,但在有些习语中作及物动词用。例如:

例311:What are you talking about?

例312:Let’s talk business. (我们谈正事吧。)

tell:告诉,区分,判断,预言。常用作及物动词。例如: 例313:Tell Bill the news when you meet him. 例314:Tell Bill to be there on time.

例315:He can’t tell right from wrong; after all, he’s only a boy of four.

(他不能辨是非,毕竟,他只是个四岁孩子。)

例316:Who can tell what will happen tomorrow?

64.scold / blame

scold:责骂,发怒。例如:

例317:She was scolded for being late. (她因迟到挨骂。)

blame:责怪,归咎。例如:

例318:Bad workmen often blame their tools. (拙劣的工人常怪工具不好使。) 例319:He blamed the teacher for his failure. (他把失败归咎于老师。) 例320:He blamed his failure on the teacher. (同上)

例321:It’s you rather than I that are to blame for starting the fire.

(引起这场火灾,该受责备的是你而不是我。)

65.search / search for

search: 搜查,搜身。它是及物动词。search for:寻找。相当于be in search of或be in

the / one’s search for。例如:

例322:The police are searching the hill (for the robber).

例323:The police are searching the robber (for the necklace). 例324:The police are searching for the robber (in the hill).

例325:The police are in search of / in the search for the robber (in the hill).

66.separate / divide

separate:分开,隔离;把……分离出来,析出;作为形容词是“单独的”意思。例如: 例326:Britain is separated from France by the English Channel. 例327:Oxygen can be separated from water. (氧可以从水中析出。) 例328:We need two separate rooms.

divide:分,划分。指把整体分为若干部分。例如: 例329:I divided the moon cake in half / into two halves.

例330:He divided the cake among the children. (他把这块蛋糕分给了孩子们。)

被divide分隔的东西在一定的条件下具有统一性,separate分隔的东西没有统一性。

·82· 第二部分 重点词语辨析900例

67.shut / close shut:关,闩住(门窗等);闭(口、眼、耳等)。close:关(门、窗等);不开放。如: 例331:He shut the door behind him. (他把门闩上。)

例332:Better shut your mouth. (= Better shut up!) (最好闭嘴!)

例333:It’s a pity he shut eyes to his faults. (遗憾的是,他对过失视而不见。) 例334:He closed the door behind him. (他随手把门关上。)

例335:This road is closed to heavy motor traffic. (此路禁止大卡车通行。)

68.sit / seat sit:坐。是不及物动词。例如: 例336:Sit down, please.

seat:就座;容纳。是及物动词。例如: 例337:Be seated, please.

例338:When he entered the classroom, he found the villagers seated at the back of the

classroom. (= sitting / seating themselves)

例339:The hall is not large enough to seat 2,000 people.(= hold容纳)

69.stick to / insist on / persist in

stick to:坚持(原则、计划、意见、决定、理论等)。例如:

例340:The theory he stuck to proved true in the end.(他所坚持的理论最终证明是正确的。)

insist on:坚持(人的意志),坚决要求,一定要。 例如:

例341:He insisted on checking everything himself. (他坚持要亲自检查一切。)

persist in:坚持(继续坚持原来做的事或对某种意见固执不改)。例如: 例342:If you persist in breaking the law, you will be put into prison.

70.stop / pause stop:停止,阻止。例如: 例343:My watch stopped.

例344:Nothing can stop me from going. 例345:Time’s up. Let’s stop to have a rest. 例346:It’s time for class. Stop talking please.

pause:停顿。指暂时的停止。例如: 例347:I paused for a reply. 例348:He paused to look round.

71.suit / fit / do / match / go

suit:合适,中意(多指符合需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等。特别是指颜色、款式等)。 fit:合适,合身(常指大小、尺寸等)。do:合适(常与for连用)。match / go:

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第二部分 重点词语辨析900例 ·79· lift:提起(由上)。例如: 例275:He lifted a stone, only to drop it on his own foot.(他搬石头砸自己的脚。) 例276:She went shopping, lifting a basket. (她提着箩筐,购物去了。) rise:上升(相当于go up);起身(相当于stand up);起床(相当于get up)。例如: 例277:Prices rise day by day. (价格一天天上涨。) 例278:Sales rose by 20% over the Christmas period. 例279:The sun rises in the east. 例280:The old lady was too weak

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