北京学位英语口语考试题及答案

1. What is Big Brother? Give an example. (Unit 1)

any person, organization, or system that seems to want to control people’s lives and restrict their freedom.

for example：the cameras of our classroom , it Monitors our behavior in the exam.

2. Why is it risky to have multiple procedures at once? Give an example. (Unit 3)

Generally, undergoing more than one procedure not only prolongs recovery but also increases the time a patient is anesthetized, which can be risky. For example：james McCormick had decided to go to the Florida Center for Cosmetic Surgery in Fort Lauderdale to nip and tuck his crow`s feet .His doctor recommended a brow job as well and offered to throw in a chin implant at a discount. McCormick agreed to all procedures and was at the facility less than four hours. By the next day，he was dead.

但一般来说，接受一种以上的操作不仅延长了病人复苏的时间，而且延长了病人接受麻醉的时间，这可能带来风险。

例子：詹姆斯·麦考密克决定到劳德代尔堡的佛罗里达整容外科中心来消除眼角皱纹。他的医生建议将额头的皱纹一并清除，并提出额外奉送打折的颏部植入片。麦考密克同意接受所有这些操作，他在诊所里待了不到4个小时。但是第二天他就撒手人寰。

4. Why is it bad for children to learn too much at an early age? (Unit 4)

Given the importance of experience, some might suggest that the earlier children are introduced to certain experiences or stimulation the greater the propensity for learning and early success. However, while we know that input from the environment helps shape the brain, we must also remember that brain maturation and overall development do not follow a nice neat agenda. Significantly, each individual child is different and simply immersing a child in an endless bombardment of stimuli may do more harm than good.

鉴于经验的重要性，有些人会主张儿童越早接触某些经验或刺激，就越热爱学习，越早成功。然而，尽管我们知道来自环境的输入能帮助大脑的形成，也要记住大脑的成熟和全面发展不会循规蹈矩。重要的是，儿童个体存在差异。简单地让一个孩子饱受无休止的连续刺激，只会是弊大于利。

5. Do you think that free online lectures will destroy universities? (Unit 5)

I don’t think that free online lectures can destroy universities, because the University not only Impart(传授) your knowledge, but also provides a social place. Many people leave home for the first time. We learn to be independent and communicate with heterosexual friends in universities. All of these are not available from free online lectures

8. Why are manners important in our daily life? Give an example. (Unit 8)

If we want to be good, we have to get into the habit of being good. And habits are formed by constant repetition of behaviors. The daily practice of civility and politeness helps, because it reinforces a regard for others and concern for their welfare. Another reason to be worried about small acts of virtue is that life is, on the whole, made up of small things.

Most of us manage to avoid murdering people or stealing their cars. Among the majority, what makes the difference between people we think of as good and those we regard as selfish, mean or just disagreeable, is very much how they behave over myriad small issues.

如果我们想做高尚人，就得形成高尚的习惯。而习惯是由行为的不断重复形成的。平时知书达理、彬彬有礼的行为能对你成为高尚的人有帮助，因为这样做可以使你更加尊重他人、关心他人的幸福。我们要关注细小善举的另一个原因是：生活总的看来就是各种各样的小事。

我们大多数人一般都不会去杀人或偷车。但在我们看来，芸芸众生中，高尚的人与自私刻薄、面目可憎的人的区别，在很大程度上就体现在他们言行举止的小节上。

9. What is the main idea of the book Essay on the Principle of Population? (Unit 9)

Human population, malthus observed, increase at geometric rate, doubling about every 25 years if unchecked, while agricultural production increases arithmetically much more slowly. The power of population is indefinitely greater than the power in the earth to produce subsistence for man. This implies a strong and constantly operating check on population from the difficulty of subsistence.

Malthus thought such checks could be voluntary, such as birth control, abstinence, or delayed marriage-or involuntary, through the scourges of war, famine, and disease.

马尔萨斯指出，人口在以几何速度增长，如果不加以限制，大约每25年翻一番，而农业生产却是以算术倍数增长，速度要慢的多。人口力量无限大于地球生产供养人类口粮的能力.这意味着由于人类的生计困难，必须不断实施强有力的人口控制。人口控制可以是自愿的，如计划生育，禁欲，或推迟结婚；也可以是非自愿的，如通过战争，饥荒和疾病等灾难来实现。（六段）