2018年上海市嘉定区高考英语二模试卷

（1）______ With his team, he uncovered a vast structure, varied works of art, and many hieroglyphic records, These finds, together with later finds, comprise all that experts know about Minoan culture.

From the evidence experts gathered, it is clear that the Minoans were ahead of their time. The palace at Knossos was five floors high with hundreds of rooms. Buildings throughout the ancient city had plumbing and flush toilets. Stone pavement lined the surfaces of the roads. In addition, the Minoans possessed a highly developed naval fleet for long-distance trade.（2）______ These records confirm the central role of commerce in culture.

Expert analysis of the evidence also offers insight into some aspects of Minoan society.（3）______ Ruins and artwork suggest that people of all classes enjoyed a high degree of social and gender equality. Religious icons show that Minoans worshiped bulls, the natural world, and many female gods.

An unusual feature of Minoans culture was the pursuit of leisure interests. Sport and visual arts were central to Minoan life. Boxing and bull jumping, a sport in which players jumped over live bulls, were popular. Although bull jumping may have served some ritual purpose, experts believe that it was done mostly for fun. Similarly, although some works of art showed political and religious themes, other works served only as pleasant décor（装饰品）.（4）______

The Minoans met their demise after a series of natural disasters. Experts believe that group from the Greek mainland capitalized on these events and looked over the island.

A. Some experts think that the wealth gained from trade allowed for such leisure in sports and the arts.

B. Experts believe that a king and mostly a female priest ruled the government and controlled trade.

C. In ancient Greek myths, Minoan society was quite prosperous and highly civilized. D. The palace that Evans unearthed a century ago was the first proof of Minoan culture. E. Minoan culture didn’t exist before until Arthur Evans discovered the palace under the earth.

F. Although not yet decoded, written script on clay tablets appears to list trade accounts. 【答案】 D,F,B,A 【考点】 高三

说明文七选五 【解析】

本文属于说明文介绍了米诺斯文明，它是欧洲最早的古代文明，也是希腊古典文明的前驱。以精美的王宫建筑、壁画及陶器、工艺品等著称于世，出土的遗迹表明当时是社会文明和商品交易比较发达。 【解答】

（1）D 考查上下文推理能力。根据下文With his team, he uncovered a vast structure, varied works of art, and many hieroglyphic records与他的团队，他发现了一个庞大的结构，各种各样的艺术品，和许多象形文字记录，这与D. The palace that Evans unearthed a century ago was the first proof of Minoan culture伊万斯出土的一个世纪前的宫殿是米诺斯文化的第一个证明，意思相符，故答案为D。

（2）F 考查上下文推理能力。根据下文These records confirm the central role of

commerce in culture这些记录证实了商业在文化中的中心作用，这与F. Although not yet decoded, written script on clay tablets appears to list trade accounts虽然尚未解码，但在

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粘土平板上的书面脚本似乎列出了贸易账户，意思相符，故答案为F。

（3）B 考查上下文推理能力。根据下文Ruins and artwork suggest that people of all classes enjoyed a high degree of social and gender equality废墟和艺术品表明所有阶层的人都享有高度的社会和性别平等，这与B. Experts believe that a king and mostly a female priest ruled the government and controlled trade专家相信一位国王和一位女牧师统治政府并控制贸易，意思相符，故答案为B。

（4）A 考查上下文推理能力。根据前文 Similarly, although some works of art showed political and religious themes, other works served only as pleasant décor同样，虽然一些艺术作品表现出政治和宗教主题，但其他作品只不过是令人愉快的装饰品而已，这与A. Some experts think that the wealth gained from trade allowed for such leisure in sports and the arts一些专家认为，从贸易中获得的财富允许在体育和艺术中进行这种休闲，意思相符，故答案为A。 IV. Summary Writing

Directions： Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible． The Conflict of the Orders

The types of people who served as officials in the Roman government changed over

time． These changes stemmed from the attempts of common people to more rights． The struggles became known as the Conflict of the Orders．

In the early republic， Romans were divided into two classes of people： patricians and plebeians． Patricians were powerful landowners who controlled the government． As nobles， they inherited their power． Plebeians， who made up most of the population， were mainly farmers and workers． For many years， plebeians had few rights． They could vote， but they were barred from holding most public offices． Plebeians could not even know Roman laws because laws were not written down． In court， a judge stated and applied the law， but only patricians served as judges．

Over time， plebeians increased their power through demand and strikes． They gained the right to join the army， hold government office， form their own assembly， and elect leaders． In one of their greatest victories， they forced the government to write down the laws of the Roman Republic． In about 450， B．C． the Romans engraved their laws on tablets called the Twelve Tables． The laws were placed in the Forum， the chief public square， for all to view．

The first plebeians were appointed to the government in the late 400s B．C． After 342B．C．， a plebeian always held one of the consul positions． By about

300B．C． many plebeians had become so powerful and wealthy themselves that they joined with patricians to form the Roman nobility． From that time on， the distinction between patricians and plebeians was not a important． Membership in the nobility was still very important， however， since government officials were not paid a salary， only wealthy nobles could afford to hold office． Thus， the nobles still controlled the republic． ________ 【答案】

Romans was made up of two classes： patricians and plebeians． Patricians， the nobles， inherited power and controlled the government while plebeians， the common people， who used to have few rights， gradually gained various rights through struggles． From 300 B．C．， the distinction between them was less obvious as many plebeians became nobles， and Rome was still controlled by nobles．

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【考点】 提纲类 【解析】

本篇书面表达属于读写任务类类作文，根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态．注意使用高级词汇和句式，以增加文章的亮点．需要归纳大意和要点． 【亮点说明】本文结构紧凑，层次分明，而且使用了多种表达：

Patricians， the nobles， inherited power and controlled the government while plebeians， the common people， who used to have few rights， gradually gained various rights

through struggles（高分句型）句中who used to have few rights为who引导的非限制性定语从句

贵族，享有继承权和统制政府，而平民百姓则很少有权利，而他们只好通过斗争逐渐获得各种权利． 【解答】

Romans was made up of two classes： patricians and plebeians． Patricians， the nobles， inherited power and controlled the government while plebeians， the common people，

who used to have few rights， gradually gained various rights through struggles（高分句型） From 300 B．C．， the distinction between them was less obvious as many plebeians became nobles， and Rome was still controlled by nobles． V. Translation

Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. （1）他在会议上提出的建议值得三思。（worth）______

（2）法律和政策应该适应我们不断发展的社会需求。（adapt）______

（3）绝不能任由困难打倒你，因为你永远不知道你离成功有多么近。（account）______

（4）父母竭力庇护孩子免受问题的困扰，甚至代替他们做重要的决定，这将不利于孩子的健康成长。（which）______ 【答案】

（1）The suggestion he put forward at the meeting is worth giving a second though. （2）Laws and policies should adapt to the developing needs of our society.

（3）On no account can you let any difficulties discourage you, for youcan never tell how close you may be to success.

（4）Parents try to shelter/protect their children from problems and even make important decisions for them, which will do harm to/be harmful to/be bad for the growth of their children. 【考点】 高三 汉译英 【解析】 此题暂无解析 【解答】

（1）The suggestion he put forward at the meeting is worth giving a second thought. 考查汉译英。这是对某种观点的看法，所以使用一般现在时，而从句中则使用一般过去时表示过去的动作。根据句意可知，翻译时应该使用短语be worth doing sth.意为“值得做

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某事”，然后用一个定语从句he put forward at the meeting来修饰先行词the suggestion。give a second thought意为“认真考虑，三思”。

（2）Laws and policies should adapt to the developing needs of our society. 考查汉译英。adapt to意为“使适应于”，情态动词should后接动词原形，to是介词，后接名词和动名词形式；the developing needs of our society意为“我们不断发展的社会需求”。 （3）On no account can you let any difficulties discourage you, for you can never tell how close you may be to success. 考查英译汉。On no account意为“绝不，切莫”，放在句首要倒装；let后接不定to的动词不定式短语作宾语补足语；for意为“因为”，是并列连词，引导并列句；how引导的感叹句形式是：How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语+（it is）。 （4）Parents try to shelter/protect their children from problems and even make important decisions for them, which will do harm/to be harmful to/be bad for the growth of their children. 考查汉译英。这是对教育孩子的一种行为的评价，所以使用一般现在时，而从句中可使用一般将来时表示一种预料中的结果。翻译时可考虑使用非限制性定语从句，shelter/protect their children from problems庇护孩子免受问题的困扰；do harm/to be harmful to/be bad for 对……有害，不利于……。 VI. Guided Writing

Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．

学校拟举行高三告别晚会，现面向全体同学征集意见．请向学生处递交你的晚会策划方案．方案中需包括：1、晚会的主题．2、晚会的时间、地点和参加人员．3、晚会内容及其他安排等． ________ ________ ________ 【答案】

It’s high time to hold a farewell party after three years’ study in our high school． I consider that it is necessary to list some key factors of the party．【高分句型一】（点明主题）,To begin with， I plan to choose our school hall as the place for the party． Not only does it help save money but also it has our precious school memory．【高分句型二】 Next， the aim of the party is more than to recall the students’ memory ，so what matters most is to provide an opportunity to show our talent through wonderful performances． Besides， speeches to show our gratitude to the teachers and parents for their care and help are

necessary． So we should invite our teachers and parents to join us． （晚会的主题地点和参加人员，晚会内容）,The date of the party should be on the afternoon June 9 so that we have one day to prepare for it ater the college entrance examination．（晚会的时间安排） 【考点】 提纲类 【解析】

这是一篇高三告别晚会的安排．根据题目要求可知用第一人称，时态以一般现在时态和一般将来时态为主． 高分句型

1．I consider that it is necessary to list some key factors of the party．句子里 that引导的宾语从句里， it 做 形式主语，代指动词不定式 to list some key factors of the party． 我认为有必要列出晚会的一些关键因素．

2．Not only does it help save money but also it has our precious school memory．句子里Not only位于句首，句子 does it help save money用部分倒装．

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