2018年上海市嘉定区高考英语二模试卷

2018年上海市嘉定区高考英语二模试卷

II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A

1.

Stephen Hawking： Science’s Brightest Star

His family released a statement in the early hours of Wednesday morning confirming his death at his home in Cambridge．

Hawking’s children， Lucy， Robert and Tim， said in a statement： \saddened that our beloved father passed away today． He was a great scientist and an extraordinary man （1）________ work and legacy will live on for many years．\

For fellow scientists and loved ones， it was Hawking’s intuition and wicked sense of humor （2）________ marked him out as much as the fierce intellect that， coupled with his illness， came to symbolize （3）________ unbounded possibilities of the human mind． Hawking was driven to Wagner， but not the bottle， when he （4）________ （diagnose） with motor neurone disease in 1963 at the age of 21． Doctors expected him （5）

________ （live） for only two more years． But Hawking had a form of the disease that progressed more slowly than usual． He survived for more than half a century．

Hawking once estimated he worked only 1，000 hours during his three undergraduate years at Oxford． In his finals， he came close （6）________ a first﹣ and second﹣class

degree． （7）________ （convince） that he was seen as a difficult student， he told his examiners that if they gave him a first he would move to Cambridge to pursue his phD． Award a second and he threatened to stay． They opted for a first．

Those who live in the shadow of death are often those who live most． For Hawking， the early diagnosis of his terminal disease， and （8）________ （witness） the death from leukemia of a boy he knew in hospital， aroused a fresh sense of purpose． \（9）

________ there was a cloud hanging over my future， I found， to my surprise， that I was enjoying life in the present more than before． I began to make progress with my research，\． Taking up his career in earnest， he declared： \． It is a complete understanding of the universe， why it is （10）________ it is and why it exists at all．\【答案】

whose,that,the,was diagnosed,to

live,between,Convinced,witnessing,Although/Though/While,what/as 【考点】

说明文语法填空 【解析】

霍金的家人在星期三凌晨发表声明，确认他在剑桥的家中死亡．本文简短地介绍了著名的科学家霍金年轻时的学习情况和他与疾病作斗争的过程． 【解答】

1． whose．考查定语从句．先行词是man，在定语从句中做定语，所以用whose来引导．

2． that．考查强调句．被强调部分是Hawking’s intuition and wicked sense of humor ，根据强调句的固定结构It was +被强调部分+that+句子的剩余部分．

3．the．考查冠词．这里指： 象征人类心灵无限的可能性．是特指所以用定冠词the． 4． was diagnosed．考查被动．根据句意：他被诊断为运动神经元病．he与diagnose之间是被动关系，所以答案是was diagnosed．

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5． to live．考查固定短语．expect sb to do sth 是固定短语“希望某人做某事”． 6． between．考查介词．between…and…是介词的固定短语“在…之间”．

7． Convinced．考查非谓语．主句的主语he与动词convince之间是被动关系 ，所以用过去分词在句中做状语．

8． witnessing．考查非谓语．动词witness的逻辑主语是Hawking，它们之间是主谓关系，所以用现在分词做状语．

9． Although / though / While．考查连词．根据句意：我的未来笼罩着一片乌云，令我惊奇的是，我比以前更享受现在的生活．两句之间是让步关系，所以可以用表让步的连词although，though，或者while．

10． what．考查表语从句．分析句子可知___it is是一个表语从句，从句中缺少表语，所以用what来引导． Section B

After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. analysis B. usually C. assures D. pours E. development F. necessary G. cloudy H. absent I. cultivate J. allow K. extremely He is kindly

The other evening at a dancing club a young man introduced me to Mr. and Mrs. F. Scott

Fitzgerald, and Scott seemed to have changed a lot from the first time I met him at Princeton, when he was an eager undergraduate trying his best to（1）______ himself into a great author. He is still trying hard to be a great author. He is at work now on a novel which his wife（2）______ me is far better than This Side of Paradise, but like most of our younger novelists he finds it（3）______ to produce a certain number of short stories to make the wheels go around. That The Vegetable, his play, did not receive a Manhattan presentation seems to have disappointed rather than discouraged him. He is still（4）______ light-hearted.

I have always considered him the most brilliant of our younger novelists. Not one of them can tough his style, nor the superb quality of his satire（讽刺）. He has yet to put them in a novel with carefulness of conception and（5）______ of character. He can become almost any kind of writer that his peculiarly restless character will（6）______.

Born in St. Paul, he attended Princeton, served in the Army, wrote his first novel in a training camp, achieved fame and fortune, married a Southern girl, has a child and lives in New York. At heart, he is one of the kindliest of the younger writers. Artistry means a great deal to F. Scott Fizgerald, and into his own best work he（7）______ great efforts. He demands this in the work of others, and when he does not find it he criticizes with passionate earnestness. I have known him, after reading a young fellow-novelist’s book, to take what must have been hours of time to write him a lengthy, careful（8）______.

Just what he will write in the future remains（9）______. With a firmer reputation than that of the other young people, he yet seems to me to have achieved rather less than Robert Nathan and rather more than Stephen Vincent Benet, Cyril Hume. His coming novel should mean a definite prediction for future work. It is to be hoped that from it will be（10）______ the seemingly unavoidable modern girls. 【答案】

I,C,F,K,E,J,D,A,G,H 【考点】

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固定用法 高三 名词基础 形容词基础 副词基础 动词基础 选词填空 【解析】

本文主要介绍了F. Scott Fizgerald努力成为一名有名作家的故事。他出生在圣保罗，曾就读于普林斯顿大学，曾在军队服役，在训练营写了他的第一部小说，获得了名声和财富，应该说他是最年轻的作家之一。他虽然他经历了很多艰辛，但是还是勇往直前。 【解答】

（1）I 考查固定用法。cultivate…into意为“把……培养成”，句意：他尽力把自己培养成一个伟大的作家。故选I。

（2）C 考查动词。assures考查动词。assure意为“保证”。句意：他的妻子向我保证，他现在正在写一部小说，这部小说比This Side of Paradise 小说要好看得多。故选C。 （3）F 考查形容词。necessary意为“必要的”。句意：但就像我们的大多数年轻小说家一样，他发现有必要制作一些短篇小说来故事顺利进行。故选F。

（4）K 考查副词。extremely意为“极其的”。句意：他仍然是极其轻浮的。故选K。 （5）E 考查名词。development意为“发展”。 句意：他还没有把它们写进一部对人物的构思和发展都很细致的小说。故选E。

（6）J 考查动词。allow意为“允许”。句意：他几乎可以成为任何一种作家，只要他那特别不安的性格允许。故选J。

（7）D 考查名词。pours意为“倾泻，流出”。句意：艺术对斯科特菲兹杰拉德来说意义重大，在他自己最好的作品中，他付出了巨大的努力。故选D。

（8）A 考查名词。analysis意为“分析”。句意：我认识他，在读了一本年轻的小说家的书之后，花了几个小时的时间给他写了一篇长长的、仔细的分析。故选A。

（9）G 考查形容词。cloudy意为“模糊不清的；含糊的”。句意：他将来会写的东西仍然是模糊不清的。故选G。

（10）H 考查形容词。absent意为“缺席的”。句意：人们希望，从这一过程中，那些看似不可避免的现代女孩将不复存在。故选H。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A

Standards for Schools: Developing Organizational Accountability（绩效）

Quality teaching depends on not just teacher’s knowledge and skills but on the environment in which they work. Schools need to offer a coherent curriculum focused on higher-order thinking and performance across subject areas and grades, time for teachers to work（1）______ with students to accomplish challenging goals, opportunities for teachers to plan with and learn from one another, and regular occasions to evaluate the outcomes of their（2）______.

If schools are to become more responsible, they must, like other professional organizations, make evaluation and assessment part of their everyday lives. Just as hospitals have standing committees of staff that meet regularly to look at evaluation data and discuss the（3）______ of each aspect of their work—a practice reinforced by their accreditation（评定）requirements, schools must have regular occasions to examine their practice and effectiveness.

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As Richard Rothstein and colleagues describe in Grading Education: Getting Accountability Right, school-level accountability can be supported by school（4）______, like those common in many other nations, in which trained experts evaluate schools by spending several days visiting classrooms,（5）______ samples of student work, and interviewing students about their understanding and their experiences,（6）______ looking at objective data such as test scores, graduation rates, and so on. In some cases, principals accompany the inspectors into classrooms and are asked for their own evaluations of the lessons. In this way, the inspectors are able to make（7）______ about the instructional and supervisory competence（能力）for principals. As described earlier, inspectors may also play a role in ensuring the（8）______ and comparability of school-based assessments（as in England and Australia）, as well as school’s internal assessment and evaluation process（as in Hong Kong）.

In most countries’ inspection systems, schools are rated on the quality of instruction and other services and supports, as well as students’（9）______ and progress on a wide range of aspects, including and going beyond academic subject areas, such as extra-curricular, personal and social（10）______, the acquisition of workplace skills and the（11）______ to which students are encouraged to adopt safe practices and a（12）______ lifestyle. Schools are rated as to whether they pass inspection, need modest improvements, or require serious intervention（介入）, and they receive extensive feedback on what the inspectors both saw and（13）______. Reports are publicly posted. Schools requiring intervention are then given more expert（14）______ and support, and are placed on a more frequent schedule of visits. Those that persistently fail to pass may be placed under local government control and could be（15）______ if they are not improved.

（1）

A.occasionally B.closely C.strictly D.peacefully

（2）

A.challenges B.competence C.curriculum D.practices

（3）

A.effectiveness B.faults C.progress D.requirements

（4）

A.instruction B.protection C.inspection D.consideration

（5） A.taking B.improving C.examining D.copying

（6） A.as far as B.rather than C.other than D.as well as

（7）

A.judgments B.decisions

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