2014高考英语语法复习专题精讲精练 情态动词和虚拟语气.doc

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【解析】答案为B。前半句为“有些人不喜欢讲很多话未必就是因为害羞,”后半句应该

为”他们也许是比较安静的人。”

②— I take the book out? —I'm afraid not.

A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need

【解析】答案为B。表请求可用情态动词can, may, could, might ,表允许用can, may。句

意：“我可以将这本书带出去吗？”“恐怕不行”。故应选表情请求的情态动词may。

③—May I take this book out of the reading room?

—No, you . You read it in here. A. mightn’t

B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t

【解析】答案为D。英语中用could，might表示询问或征求意见的问句中，肯定性应答

要用can或may来代替could或might，而may或might征求意见的问句否定应答时要用mustn’t，故本题选D项。

▲should表示“应该；按理应该”

—I don’t care what people think. —Well, you _______ A. could

B. would C. should D. might

【解析】答案为C。答话的人提了一个建议——你应该关注别人对你的评价的。should

可以用来向别人提建议，所以答案为C项。

▲shall表示“征询对方意见；在第二人称中表示允诺，还可以表示强制，命令，威胁，警告表示法律法规条文的规定”

—Will you read me a story ,Mummy?

—OK. You________ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.

【解析】答案为D。句意：“妈妈，可以读一个故事给我听吗？”“好的，如果你马上上

床睡觉的话。”shall 用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等，题中是母亲对儿子的承诺，故选D项。

▲must表示“主观意愿”意为：“一定要”；表示“命令或要求”意为“必须、一定”

I have told you the truth. I keep repeating it? A. Must

B. Can

C. May

D. Will

【解析】答案为A。must必须,一定，can可以,能够， may也许，will意愿,倾向性动作。

前半句说我告诉你事实了，这里用的是现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响,既然我已经说了,我还必须重复一遍吗？

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▲have to表示“客观”上的“不得不”

①You_________ buy a gift , but you can if you want to. A. must to

【解析】答案为D。don’t have to 意为“没有必要”，符合语境，句意：你没有必要买礼

物，但如果你想买的话，你也可以买。

②Some aspects of a pilot’s job _______be boring, and pilots often ________work at convenient hours. A. can; have to must

【解析】答案为A。can意为“可能”。have to意为“不得不”表示“由于受客观条件的限制

不得不做某事”。句意：从某些方面看，飞行员的工作可以说是很乏味的，因为他们经常不得不在不舒服的环境下工作好几个小时。

①I’m afraid Mr. Harding _______ see you now; he’s busy. A. can’t

B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t

D. needn’t

B. may; can

C. have to; may

D. ought to;

B. mustn’t

C. have to

D. don’t have

【解析】答案为A。结合语境，根据情态动词用于疑问或否定推测时，要用can’t。 ②“You ____ have a wrong number,” she said. “There’s no one of that name here.” A. need 【解析】答案为C。

【解析】肯定的猜测，用must。

③—Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. —Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters. A. might

B. must C. would D. can B. can

C. must

D. would

【解析】答案为B。第一个说话人说和史密斯小姐有约，那下面的人就回应说，“那您一

定就是Mrs. Peters了”因此排除A，C，D三个选项。

①Jack descried his father, who _____a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been

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【解析】答案为D。句意：杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人，他的父亲多年前

肯定很勇敢。用must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测。

②They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed. A. will

B. can C. must

D. should

【解析】答案为D。will have done将来可以完成；can have done可能做过……吗？表示

对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句；must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做。but their flight was delayed这样的结果，说明他们本来该到达却没有到达，因此选D。句意：他们本该午饭时到达，但他们的航班推迟了。

③—I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. —How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it. A. will have stolen have stolen

【解析】答案为B。will have stolen是将来完成时，表示到将来某个时间，某件事一定

会发生，显然不符合语境;should have stolen表示本该做某事，也不符合意思;must have stolen表示一定做了某事，显然错误。这里应该选用might have stolen表示说话者觉得包落在火车上，很有可能会被别人偷走的。句意：“我把包忘在火车上了，但幸运的是，有人拾到后交给了一位铁路官员。 “失而复得，简直令人难以置信！我的意思是，本来可能有人会偷走的。”

④I_______ have watched that movie —it’ll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldn’t

B. needn’t

C. couldn’t

D. mustn’t

B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must

【解析】答案为A。句意：“我本来不应该看那部电影的——它会使我做噩梦的。”表

示“本来不应该做而做了某事”用shouldn’t have done, 所以A项正确。

⑤I________ through that bitter period without your generous help. A. couldn’t have gone B. didn’t go gone

【解析】答案为A。that bitter period表示过去的时间，对过去的虚拟语气用主语+should

/ would / could / might + have done表达，故选A。句意：没有你的慷慨帮助，我是不可能度过那段痛苦的时期的。

C. wouldn’t go D. hadn’t

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（二）虚拟语气

①This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.

A. would B. should C. could

D. might

【解析】答案为B。句意：这台打印机的质量很好。如果在第一年里它坏了的,修理费用

由我们负担。对将来虚拟时，用should/were to do +v原形。

②If he __________my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job. A. followed follow

【解析】答案为C。根据“wouldn’t have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事

实相反的虚拟，故选C项。

③If we _ __ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take

B. had taken C. took

D. have taken

B. should follow

C. had followed D. would

【解析】答案为B。所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语，根据主句的谓语动词形

式might have arrived可知题干是与过去事实相反，故所填部分用had+过去分词形式，选B项。句意：如果当时走了另一条路，我们就有可能及时赶到这儿开会了。

特别注意省略“if”的虚拟条件句

④Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy __ . A. would have been saved C. will be saved

B. had been saved

D. was saved

【解析】答案为A。根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气，原形是：If I

had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .句意：如果我早知道这个电脑程序，就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。

①Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. A. studied

B. would study

C. had studied

D.

was