江西省南昌市2018届高三第一次模拟测试(英语)

30. Who can get help from food banks? A. Poor people in the UK.

B. Poor people in Africa. D. People in the drought-stricken. B. Time to Appreciate Food

D. How to Spend World Food Day D

Traditionally, robots have been hard, made of metal and other rigid material: But a team of scientists at Harvard University in the US has managed to build an entirely soft robot-one that draws inspiration from an octopus (章鱼).

Described in science journal Nature, the “Octobot” could pave the way for more effective autonomous robots that could be used in search，rescue and exploration. “The Octobot is minimal system which may serve as a foundation for a new generation of completely soft, autonomous robots” the study’s authors wrote.

Robots built for precise, repetitive movements in a controlled environment don’t do so well on rough terrains (地形) or in unpredictable conditions. And they aren’t especially safe around humans, because they’re made out of hard and heavy parts that could be potentially dangerous to their users.

So researchers have been working on building soft robots for decades. They’re taken inspiration from nature, looking to animals from jellyfish to cockroaches, which are often made up of more flexible matter.

But creating a completely soft robot remains a challenge. Even if engineers build a silicone (硅酮) body, it’s still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts, such as a source of power.

“Although soft robotics is still in its early stage, it holds great promise for several applications, such as search-rescue operations and exploration,” Barbara Mazzolai and Virgilio Mattoli of the Italian Institute of Technology’ Center for Micro-BioRobotics, wrote in a comment. “Soft robots might also open up new approaches to improving wellness and quality of life.” 32. What’s the special feature of “Octobot”？ A. It’s soft.

B. It’s made of metal. D. It looks like an octopus. B. They’re too heavy to move. D. They can’t behave well all the time. B. complex components D. flexible power source

C. It’s very small.

C. Starving children in Kenya. 31. What’s the best title for the text? A. Treat Food as a Hobby

C. Food Shortage in Some Countries

33. What’s the disadvantage of traditional robots? A. They’re hard to control. C. They can’t predict conditions. A. silicone body

34. One of the biggest challenges is to build Octobot’s ________. C. precise movements A. Medical research. C. Machine operation.

35. What’s the possible application of “Octobot”？

B. Life rescue.

D. House cleaning.

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第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Why Stand in Line on Black Friday?

Standing in line is a pain. At the post office. At the box office. At a restaurant. 36 The first spot outside some Best Buy stores is usually claimed (认领) weeks in advance, often by a person in a tent. Shoppers at Walmart will print out maps of the store, with circles around their primary targets. 37

“These queues are quite different than the usual annoying ones we come across day to day at the ATM or in the subway,” said Richard Larson, a professor at MIT who has spent years studying line behavior. “Once a year,” he said, “the lines are exciting. They’re the kind you might tell your grandchildren about.” 38 Billie LeClere, 45, was first in line on Thursday at Walmart in Manchester, Iowa. She said she was a regular Black Friday shopper. But this year, she came with a specific purpose: to get a good deal on a new TV. She and her husband had recently separated, and he had taken the old TV earlier that day. “The marriage died, not the TV,” she said. 39 “It’s going to be nice to have something that’s newer-and it’s mine, not his.”

40 The following are two of the typical results. The “gotta have it” atmosphere makes people more anxious. Sometimes the behaviour of the queue turns violent. Therefore，lines test patience，personal space especially on Black Friday, when the crowds can be overwhelming (势不可挡的).

A. Shoppers are excited to buy gifts. B. But on Black Friday, it’s an experience. C. Moreover, the crowds are queuing for good deals. D. Many families are queuing to chat with each other. E. The experience gave her a sense of accomplishment. F. They are trying to turn the experience into an adventure. G. The behaviour of people in lines has inspired decades of research. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

The day I received my letter of acceptance to New York University, I was extremely excited. It was my dream university, and my 41 were pleased for me. But they also hadn’t 42 me to get into such a competitive school. In fact, the best thing they ever did for me was to 43 me from doing things 44 —indeed, when I was in elementary school, they offered to buy me a present 45 I got a C.

It 46 when I was in third grade. An only child in an Asian family, I had just 47 with my family from Taiwan to Los Angeles. Months into third grade, I developed a strong feeling of 48 about getting bad grades. Seeing my anxiety, Dad said, “Kate, tell you what. If you get a C or 49 , I’ll buy you a present. If you score higher than that, I won’t buy you anything，because you won’t 50 it.”

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Clearly dad wasn’t the 51 Asian tiger parent, pressuring me to work tirelessly for the best 52 , and neither was my mom. They didn’t want to push me. They wanted me to be 53 and healthy. Dad’s 54 of a “failing grade” gift amazingly 55 my worries and pressure. What’s more，I 56 getting A’s and B’s throughout high school, but without the added stress and fear of failing. I think it was my parents’ lack of stress on grades that gave me 57 to encourage my own desire for achievements.

I now realize I was 58 when I thought I didn’t receive a present from my dad that day. He gave me two invaluable 59 : the space to develop my own desire for excellence, and the healthy mind to 60 it. 41. A. friends 42. A. convinced 43. A. discourage 44. A. perfectly 45. A. though 46. A. came 47. A. travelled 48. A. worry 49. A. higher 50. A. accept 51. A. normal 52. A. reputations 53. A. energetic 54. A. offer 55. A. piled on 56. A. held on 57. A. hope 58. A. shocked 59. A. gifts 60. A. track

B. classmates B. pushed B. keep B. positively B. if B. appeared B. moved B. embarrassment B. less B. receive B. typical B. subjects B. smart B. supply B. removed B. turned out B. time B. unfortunate B. suggestions B. catch

C. parents C. recommended C. inspire C. passively C. unless C. remained C. returned C. guilt C. more C. need C. general C. majors C. outstanding C. purchase C. gave off C. ended up C. room C. puzzled C. tools C. achieve

D. relatives D. helped D. protect D. proudly D. before D. happened D. left D. anger D. lower D. make D. common D. grades D. happy D. persuasion D. solved D. set about D. choice D mistaken D. experiences D. act

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分I5分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

These days, modem buildings are everywhere. But if you want to see 61 life was back in the old days, China still has many beautiful water 62 (town) to visit. CNN has chosen four of the country’s most beautiful ones.

The village of Zhouzhuang in Jiangsu calls 63 (it) “the oldest water town in China”. The village, which 64 (build) in 1086, is crossed with canals. Taking a boat ride through town, the red lanterns might make you think of China’s romantic past.

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Hongcun, 65 (fill) with lakes and beautiful Anhui-style buildings, is 900 years old. It was built to look like a big ox. Huangshan Mountain is the head； the town is the body and the bridges are legs:

Fenghuang in Human doesn’t look like a bird, 66 its name meahs “phoenix” (凤凰) in Chinese. The town is as beautiful as the 67 (magic) bird. The stilted (吊脚的) buildings on each side of the Tuojiang River make the area look like a scene from 68 postcard.

While most water towns are in the south, Shangdong’s Tai’erzhuang stands out in the north. The town 69 (be) on the bank of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. In the town, there are ancient bridges, a canal and temples, 70 (make) you think of its past glory. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限—词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

It was my grandfather’s birthday on last Friday. Early in the morning, my parents and I set off for the department store to look at a gift. Eventually a warm sweater is bought. To give my grandpa a surprise, I decided to baking a birthday cake. With mom’s help, it still took me a long time when it was my first homemade cake. The moments the cake was out the oven, the celebration began. Watch Grandpa enjoy the cake, I got a greatly sense of achievement. We took a picture of the whole family to record the happiness moment.

第二节 书面表达（满分25分）

假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom对中国谚语（Chinese proverbs）很感兴趣。他来信请教有关知识。请给他回信，内容包括：

1. 中国谚语的由来（人们的智慧和经验，简短有意义，口口相传） 2. 学习中国谚语的方法。 注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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