毕业设计主轴箱减速箱的加工工艺及夹具设计

毕业设计综合评定表

题 目 所属班级 学生姓名 学 号 主轴箱减速箱体的机械加工工艺规程及工装设计 姓名 指导职称 教师 部门 指导教师评语 指导教师： 年 月 日 答辩小组评语 总评成绩： 答辩小组负责人： 年 月 日

前言

机械制造技术设计是培养机械工程类专业学生应职应岗能力的重要实践性教学环节，它要求学生能全面综合地运用所学的理论知识和实践知识，进行零件机械加工工艺规程和工艺装备的设计。其基本的目的是：培养工程意识，训练基本技能，培养质量意识，培养规范意识。以及要明确本次设计的任务和要求。

箱体是机器和部件的基础零件，由它将机器和部件中许多零件连接成一个整体，并使之保持正确的相互位臵，彼此能协调地运动。箱体类零件由箱座、箱盖组成，其结构较为复杂，其上通常有一些尺寸精度和位臵精度要求都比较高的定位销孔，用作相关零件定位或在加工过程中定位，故机械加工劳动量相当大，困难也相当大，对工艺人员工艺、夹具设计提出很高要求。

设计箱体类零件，需要将各个专业基础知识运用一起，比如:我们要制造箱体就必须结合机械制造基础进行分析，该怎样获得工件的毛坯，选用什么样的材料;箱体的结构方面，就需要参考机械设计基础方面有关的知识；性能方面，这个工件能够承受多大的力，这就需要我们的力学知识。

保证零件加工质量的前提下，提高了生产率，降低了生产成本，是国内外现代机械加工工艺的主要发展方面方向之一。本文通过对主轴箱减速箱体零件图及结构形式的分析基础上，对主轴箱减速箱体零件进行工艺分析、工艺说明及加工过程的技术要求和精度分析。同时进行工艺过程设计，编写相应工艺卡片；其次再对主轴箱减速箱体的底平面的加工进行专用夹具设计与精度和误差分析，实践证明，该工艺与夹具设计结果能应用于生产要求。

本次毕业设计在老师的指导下完成的，由于我自己存在很多的不足，因此里面此存在许多的不足甚至错误，希望大家能够谅解!

关键词：主轴箱减速箱体；加工工艺；定位；夹具设计

目录

1.主轴箱减速箱体零件的分析 ····················································································································· 1

1.1绘制零件图······································································································································ 1 1.2分析零件的作用 ······························································································································ 1 1.3分析主轴箱减速箱体的主要加工表面 ···························································································· 1 1.4主轴箱减速箱体加工的主要技术要求 ···························································································· 2 2.选择毛坯 ···················································································································································· 2

2.1毛坯种类的确定 ······························································································································ 2 2.2毛坯的形状和尺寸的确定 ··············································································································· 3 2.3毛坯的材料热处理 ·························································································································· 3 2.4绘制毛坯图······································································································································ 3 3.主轴箱减速箱体加工工艺析过程分析 ······································································································ 3

3.1主轴箱减速箱体加工的工艺路线 ··································································································· 3 3.2 加工阶段的划分 ····························································································································· 4 3.3工序的集中与分散 ·························································································································· 5 3.4加工顺序的安排 ······························································································································ 5 3.5辅助工序的安排 ······························································································································ 6 3.6填写工艺卡片 ·································································································································· 6 工艺卡片见后面附图 ····························································································································· 6 4.工序设计 ···················································································································································· 6

4.1选择机床和工艺装备 ······················································································································ 6 5.填写工序卡片 ·········································································································································· 33 6.夹具设计 ·················································································································································· 33

6.1夹紧力大小的确定原则 ················································································································ 33 6.2确定定位方案 ································································································································ 34 6.3定位销尺寸确定与高度计算 ········································································································· 34 6.4定位误差分析 ································································································································ 35 6.5铣削力与夹紧力计算 ···················································································································· 36 6.6绘制夹具装配图及其零件图 ········································································································· 37 结论 ····························································································································································· 38 参考文献 ······················································································································································ 39 致谢 ····························································································································································· 40

毕业设计

1.主轴箱减速箱体零件的分析

1.1绘制零件图

零件图见后面附图。 1.2分析零件的作用

箱体是机器的基础零件，它将机器中有关部件的轴，套，齿轮等相关零件连成一个整体，并使之保持正确的相互位臵，以传递转矩或改变转速来完成规定的运动。因此，箱体的加工质量，直接影响到机器的性能、精度和寿命。

该零件为主轴箱减速箱体零件，具有承载传递和改变力的功能，主要用于支承和固定轴系部件，并保证传动零件的啮合精度，使箱内零件具有良好的润滑和密封。

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图1—1部分主轴箱减速箱体零件图

1.3分析主轴箱减速箱体的主要加工表面

1、主要孔

0.08?0.020?0.030.0202-?52?孔与?35??0.02、?47?0.03、?540?0.03孔。

2、主要平面

箱体的底平面，箱体的上平面（结合面）等。

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