2015年12月英语四级考试真题（第三套）.docx - 图文

Passage Three

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 23.A.It is often caused by a change of circumstances. B.It actually doesn't require any special treatment. C.It usually appears all of a sudden. D.It generally lasts for several years. 24.A.They cannot mix well with others. B.They irrationally annoy their friends. C.They depend heavily on family members. D.They blame others for ignoring their needs. 25.A.They lack consistent support from peers. B.They doubt their own popularity. C.They were born psychologically weak. D.They focus too much on themselves. Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have justheard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

There was a time when any personal information that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and26 in a file cabinet.It could remain there for years and, often27, never reach the outside world.

Things have done a complete about-face since then.28 the change has been the astonishingly29 development in recent years of the computer.Today, any data that is 30 about us in one place or another--and for one reason or another--can be stored in a computer bank.It can then be easily passed to other computer banks.They are owned by individuals and by private businesses and corporations, lending 31 , direct mailing and

telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and32 at the local, state, and federal level.

A growing number of Americans are seeing the accumulation and distribution of computerized data as a frightening33 of their privacy.Surveys show that the number of worried Americans has been steadily growing over the years as the computer becomes increasingly 34, easier to operate, and less costly to purchase and maintain.In 1970, a national survey showed that 37 percent of the people35felt their privacy was being invaded.Seven years later, 47 percent expressed the same worry.Arecent survey by a credit bureau revealed that the number of alarmed citizens had shot up to 76percent.

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension(40 minutes) Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given, in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each.choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the center.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

Children do not think the way adults do.For most of the first year of life, if something is out of sight, it's out of mind.If you cover a baby's36toy with a piece of cloth, the baby thinks the toyhas disappeared and stops looking for it.A 4-year-old may 37 that a sister has more fruit juicewhen it is only the shapes of the glasses that differ, not the38 of juice. Yet children are smart in their own way.Like good little scientists, children are always testing their child-sized39 about how things work.When your child throws her spoon on the floor for the sixth time as

you try to feed her, and you say, \enough! I will not pick up your spoon again!\

the child will 40 test your claim.Are you serious? Are you angry? What will happen if she throws the spoon again? She is not doing this to drive you41; rather, she is learning that her desires and yours can differ, and that sometimes those42 are important and sometimes they are not. How and why does children's thinking change? In the 1920s, Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget proposed that children's cognitive (认知的) abilities unfold 43, like the blooming of a flower,almost independent of what else is44in their lives.Although many of his specific conclusions havebeen45 or modified over the years, his ideas inspired thousands of studies by investigators all over the world. A. AdvocateB.amount C.confirmed D. crazyE. definite F.differencesG.favorite H.happeningI.immediatelyJ.naturally K. ObtainingL. PrimarilyM. ProtestN. RejectedO. theories Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with, ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.

Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Perfect Essay

A.Looking back on too many years of education, I can identify one truly impossible teacher.Shecared about me, and my intellectual life, even when I didn't.Her expectations were high--impossibly so.She was an English teacher.She was also my mother.

B.When good students turn in an essay, they dream of their instructor returning it to them in exactly the same condition, save for a single word added in the margin of the final page : \

for me one afternoon in the ninth grade.Of course, I had heard that genius could show itself at an early age, so I was only slightly taken aback that I had achieved perfection at the tender age of 14.Obviously, I did what any professional writer would do; I hurried off to spread thegood news.I didn't get very far.The first person I told was my mother.

C.My mother, who is just shy of five feet tall, is normally incredibly soft-spoken, but on the rareoccasion when she got angry, she was terrifying.I am not sure if she was more upset by my hubris(得意忘形) or by the fact that my English teacher had let my ego get so out of hand.In any event,my mother and her red pen showed me how deeply flawed a flawless essay could be.At the time,I am sure she thought she was teaching me about mechanics, transitions (过渡), structure, style and voice.But what I learned, and what stuck with me through my time teaching writing at Harvard, was a deeper lesson about the nature of creative criticism.

D.First off, it hurts.Genuine criticism, the type that leaves a lasting mark on you as a writer, also leaves an existential imprint (印记) on you as a person.I have heard people say that a writer should never take criticism personally.I say that we should never listen to these people. E. Criticism, at its best, is deeply personal, and gets to the heart of why we write the way we do. Theintimate nature of genuine criticism implies something about who is able to give it, namely,someone who knows you well enough to show you how your mental life is getting in the way of good writing.Conveniently, they are also the people who care enough to see you through this painful realization.For me it took the form of my first, and I hope only, encounter with writer'sblock--I was not able to produce anything for three years.

F. Franz Kafka once said: \is utter solitude (独处), the descent into the cold abyss (深渊) of oneself.\me that Kafka is right about the cold abyss, and when you make the