车载逆变电源

题目 车载逆变电源设计

系 别 电气工程学院 专 业 生产过程自动化技术 班 级 过 控11-2班 姓 名 刘 学 号 201102102216 指导教师（职称）王 淑 红（教授）

日 期 2014年2月28日 毕业设计（论文）

兰州工业学院毕业论文

摘 要

本系统是根据无源逆变的实用原理，采用单相全桥逆变电路工作方式，实现把直流电源（12v）转换成交流电源（220V，50HZ），并对负载进行供电。达到的性能要求就是转换出稳定的工频电源，供给给汽车上的一些电器如车灯，音像等使用。

车载逆变电源是基于开关电源电路技术等基础知识，采用二次逆变实现逆变器的设计。主要思路是：运用TL494以及SG3525A等芯片,先将12V直流电源升压为320V/50Hz的高频交流电，再经过整流滤波将高频交流电整流为高压直流电，然后采用正弦波脉冲调制法，通过输出脉冲控制开关管的导通。最后经过LC工频滤波及相应的输入输出保护电路后，输出稳定的准正弦波，供负载使用。

本设计具有灵活方便、适用范围广的特点，基本能够满足实践需求。该电源的制造成本较为低廉，实用性强，可作为多种便携式电器通用的电源。

关键词：无源逆变；二次逆变；TL494；SG3525A

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兰州工业学院毕业论文

Abstract

This design is a kind of vehicle that can be converted to 220V/50Hz 12V DC AC electronic device which is commonly used in automotive electronic products. The inverter applications are very broad in the daily life , such as notebook computer, video recorder and electric tools etc.

Car inverter is mainly based on switch power supply circuit technology basic knowledge, using two inverter realize inverter design. The main idea uses the TL494 and SG3525A etc chip, the first 12 V dc power boost for 320 V/frequency 50 Hz high frequency alternating current, and rectification of high frequency ac filter will rectifier for high voltage dc and then using sine pulse regulation law, through the output pulse control switch tube conduction. Finally after LC industrial frequency filter and the corresponding input/output protection circuits, stable output prospective sine wave, used for load.

The design is flexible and convenient, apply a wide range of features, can basically meet the demand of practice. The pragmatism is strong, and it has a function annex to the various portably type.

Keywords：Passive inverter；The two inverter；TL494；SG3525A

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兰州工业学院毕业论文

目 录

1 绪 论 ................................................................ 1

1.1 逆变电源技术的发展概况 ......................................................................................... 1 1.2 车载逆变器及其发展 ................................................................................................. 3 1.3 逆变电源的发展趋势 ................................................................................................. 4 2 总体方案设计 .......................................................... 7

2.1 总体方案的选取 .......................................................................................................... 7

2.1.1 方案比较 ............................................................................................................ 7 2.1.2 方案论证 ............................................................................................................ 8 2.1.3 方案选择 ............................................................................................................ 9 2.2 设计要求及系统指示 .................................................................................................. 9 3 整体电路设计 ......................................................... 11

3.1 逆变电源整体框图 .................................................................................................... 11 3.2 脉宽调制技术及其原理 ............................................................................................ 13

3.2.1 PWM调制的原理 ............................................................................................. 13 3.2.2 PWM逆变电路 ................................................................................................. 15 3.3 正弦波脉宽调制技术的试验方法 ............................................................................ 18

3.3.1 软件生成法 ...................................................................................................... 18 3.3.2 硬件调制法 ...................................................................................................... 19

4 逆变电源元器件特性及各部分电路设计 .................................... 20

4.1 逆变电源主要分立元件及其应用 ............................................................................ 20

4.1.1 电流互感器 ...................................................................................................... 20 4.1.2 变压器 .............................................................................................................. 21 4.1.3 与门 .................................................................................................................. 22 4.1.4 稳压管 .............................................................................................................. 23 4.1.5 场效应管 .......................................................................................................... 24

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