(完整版)嵌入式Linux笔试题库和答案(新)

is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the \d grade\y, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment offixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is 3) 4) 5) 6)

嵌入式操作系统开发和移植 根文件系统制作和移植 应用程序开发 系统集成和测试

7*．嵌入式根文件系统的设计目标应该包括哪些方面？ 8*．arm系列处理器arm7tdmi中的tdmi四个字母的含义。 9.嵌入式系统发展经历了那些阶段，有什么特点？

10*.嵌入式系统的设计方法和过程与传统的单片机开发有什么不同？ 11.简述哈佛体系结构和冯诺依曼体系结构的不同点。 12.简述NAND_FLASH和NOR_FLASH的异同点？ 13.简述S3C2410与ARM920T的关系.

14．嵌入式系统常用调试方法有几种，各有什么优缺点？

15.什么是嵌入式操作系统？常见的嵌入式操作系统有哪些？（列举五个以上），嵌入式操作系统有什么特点？

16.什么是交叉开发环境？简述嵌入式linux系统交叉开发环境的构建过程？

17．什么是bootloader？常用的bootloader有那些？bootloader两种工作模式有什么不同，分别应用在那种情况下？

18．简述bootloader在嵌入式系统平台上的移植过程？

19．说明linux平台下用C语言软件开发方法？（说明需要用到那些工具） 20什么是SOC?

21.嵌入式系统有什么特点？ 22. 什么是交叉编译工具链？

23.简述嵌入式Linux系统根文件系统的作用。 25.名词解释ARM

答：ARM（Advanced RISC Machine的缩写），ARM可以认为是一个公司的名字，也可以认为是对一类

微处理器的通称，还可以认为是一种技术的名字，全名是Advanced RISC Machine。该公司1990年11月成立于英国剑桥，主要出售芯片设计技术的授权，是苹果电脑，Acorn电脑集团和VLSI Technology的合资企业。Acorn曾推出世界上首个商用单芯片RISC处理器，而苹果电脑当时希望将RISC技术应用于自身系统，ARM微处理器新标准因此应运而生。 26.CISC

答：复杂指令系统计算机 CISC（Complex Instruction Set Computer）依靠增强指令的功能，增加指令系统的复杂程度来提高计算机系统的性能。特点：

(1) 指令系统复杂庞大，指令数目一般多达200～300条。 (2) 指令格式多，指令字长不固定，使用多种不同的寻址方式。 (3) 可访存指令不受限制。

(4) 各种指令的执行时间和使用频率相差很大。 (5) 大多数采用微程序控制器。

27.RISC:（Reduced Instruction Set Computer）精简指令系统，简化指令功能及优化的编译程序来提高计算机系统的性能。特点：

(1) 选取使用频率高的简单指令以及很有用但又不复杂的指令组成指令系统。

(2) 指令数少，指令长度一致，指令格式少，寻址方式少，指令总数大都不超过100条。

(3) 以寄存器 — 寄存器方式工作，只有取数/存数(LOAD/STORE)指令访问存储器，其余指令的操作都在寄存器之间进行。

is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the \d grade\y, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment offixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is(4) 采用指令流水线调度，使大部分指令在一个机器周期内完成。 (5) 使用较多的通用寄存器以减少访存。

(6) 以组合电路控制为主，不用或少用微程序控制。 采用优化编译技术，力求高效率支持高级语言的实现。 28.JTAG

答：JTAG(Joint Test Action Group;联合测试行动小组)是一种国际标准测试协议（IEEE 1149.1兼容），主要用于芯片内部测试。现在多数的高级器件都支持JTAG协议，如DSP、FPGA器件等。标准的JTAG接口是4线：TMS、TCK、TDI、TDO，分别为模式选择、时钟、数据输入和数据输出线。 JTAG最初是用来对芯片进行测试的，基本原理是在器件内部定义一个TAP（Test Access Port;测试访问口）通过专用的JTAG测试工具对进行内部节点进行测试。JTAG测试允许多个器件通过JTAG接口串联在一起，形成一个JTAG链，能实现对各个器件分别测试。现在，JTAG接口还常用于实现ISP（In-System Programmable�在线编程），对FLASH等器件进行编程。JTAG编程方式是在线编程，传统生产流程中先对芯片进行预编程现再装到板上因此而改变，简化的流程为先固定器件到电路板上，再用JTAG编程，从而大大加快工程进度。JTAG接口可对PSD芯片内部的所有部件进行编程 29.Bootloader

答：简单地说，Boot Loader 就是在操作系统内核运行之前运行的一段小程序，程序的主要功能是初始化系统基本硬件设备、建立内存空间的映射图，从而将系统的软硬件环境带到一个合适的状态，以便为最终调用操作系统内核准备好正确的环境。 30.U-boot

答：U-Boot，全称Universal Boot Loader，是遵循GPL条款的开放源码项目。从FADSROM、8xxROM、PPCBOOT逐步发展演化而来。其源码目录、编译形式与Linux内核很相似，事实上，不少U-Boot源码就是相应的Linux内核源程序的简化，尤其是一些设备的驱动程序，这从U-Boot源码的注释中能体现这一点。但是U-Boot不仅仅支持嵌入式Linux系统的引导，当前，它还支持NetBSD, VxWorks, QNX, RTEMS, ARTOS, LynxOS嵌入式操作系统。U-boot支持众多的硬件平台，是应用非常广泛的bootloader 31.make

答：make是Linux下的工具软件，make工具与makefile文件配合使用，实现Linux系统下工程管理，实现程序编译的自动化。 32.makefile

答：Linux系统下一种文件，该文件与Linux下的工具make配合使用，实现Linux下工程项目管理，实现程序编译的自动化。