人教版八年级下册英语Unit1知识点

Unit1 What's the matter？ 名词：

matter 问题；事情 stomachache 胃痛；腹痛 stomach 胃；腹部 foot 脚；足 neck 颈；脖子 throat 咽喉；喉咙 fever 发烧 X-ray X射线；X光 toothache 牙痛 动词： lie 躺；平躺

hurt （使）疼痛；受伤 形容词：

sick 生病的；有病的 代词： herself 她自己 介词： onto 向；朝 兼类词：

rest v&n 放松；休息 cough n&v 咳嗽

off adv&prep 离开（某处）；不工作；从…去掉 短语：

have a cold 感冒 have a stomachache 胃痛 have a fever 发烧 lie down 躺下

take one's temperature 量体温 take breaks=take a break 休息 get off 下车

get on 上车

to one's surprise 使……惊讶的是 right away 立即；马上 get into 陷入；参与 take risks=take a risk 冒险 run out（of）用尽；耗尽 cut off 切除

risk n&v 危险；风险；冒险 control n&v 限制；约束；管理 ourselves 我们自己 sore 疼痛的；酸痛的 hit （用手或器具）击；打 mean 意思是；打算；意欲

headache 头痛 break 间歇；休息 passenger 乘客；旅客 trouble 问题；苦恼 knee 膝盖

climber 登山者；攀登者 situation 情况；状况 kilo（=kilometer）千克；公斤 rock 岩石

knife 刀 blood 血

importance 重要性；重要 decision 决定；抉择 spirit 勇气；意志 death 死亡 nurse 护士

get out of 离开；从……出来 be in control of 掌握；管理 used to do sth 过去常常做某事 知识点：

1、What's the matter？怎么了？

What's the matter with sb？某人怎么了？ 询问某人或周围发生了什么事情

=What's wrong？=What's the trouble/problem？ 例：—What's the matter？—I have a cold.

give up 放弃

be used to doing sth 习惯于…；适应于…

—What's the matter with him/Tom？—He failed the math exam. 2、have + a/an + 疾病名称 患……病 have a cold 感冒= get a cold=catch a cold have a cough 咳嗽 have a fever 发烧 have a toothache 牙痛 He has a cough. 他咳嗽了。

Tina had a fever yesterday. Tina昨天发烧了。 3、sore adj 疼痛的；酸痛的 Mike's legs are sore. Mike的腿疼。 have a sore + 身体部位 ……疼 have a sore throat 喉咙疼 have a sore back 背疼 have a sore foot 脚疼

Do you have a sore throat？你喉咙疼吗？ 4、lie v 躺；平躺

lie down 躺下 He lied down and had a rest. 他躺下休息了。

lie in 坐落 My hometown lies in a valley. 我的家乡坐落在一个山谷里。 5、take breaks=take a break=have a rest 休息 We should have a rest. 我们应该休息一下。 It's a time to take a break. 该休息了。 6、have a + 名词：

have a look 看一看 have a talk 谈一谈

have a headache 头痛 have a backache 背痛 have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a stomachache 胃痛

have a rest 休息一下 have a walk 散步 Let's have a walk. 我们散步去吧。 7、need to do sth 需要做某事

I need to clean my room. 我需要打扫我的房间。 He needs to do his homework. 他需要做作业。 needn't 不需要

You needn't do that. 你不需要做那些。 8、go to a doctor 去看医生

If you are ill, you should go to（see）a doctor. 如果你生病了，你应该去看医生。 9、get off 下车，从公交车/火车/飞机上下来

They got off the bus and walked away. 他们从公交车上下来走了。 get on 上车

She gets on the plane. 她上飞机了。

10、to one's + 情感名词 令某人……的是，使某人感到……的是 to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是 to one's happiness 令某人高兴的是

To my surprise, they said okay！令我惊讶的是，他们说可以！

To her happiness, all her students passed the exam. 令她高兴的是，她的所有学生都通过了考试。 11、get into trouble 陷入困境

If you don't keep the rules, you will get into trouble. 如果你不遵守规则，你将陷入麻烦。 12、have problems/ trouble（in）doing sth = have problems/trouble with sth 做某事有困难 He has a lot of problems/ trouble in looking after the baby alone at home. 他一个人在家照顾孩子有很大困难。

Mary has problems/trouble with doing homework. 她做作业有困难。 13、动词 + up： give up 放弃 cheer up 振作起来 put up 举起 get up 起床 set up 建立

14、动词 + er/or = 名词，表示 从事某种职业的人 climb 爬 → climber 登山者

work 工作 → worker 工人 grow up 长大 stay up 熬夜 wake up 醒来 look up 查阅 pick up 捡起

drive 驾驶 → driver 司机 teach 教 → teacher 教师 visit参观 → visitor 参观者 15、should ：情态动词 应该

（1）肯定句：主语 + should + 动词原形 + 其他

sing唱歌 → singer 歌手 invent发明 → inventor 发明家

You should obey the traffic laws. 你应该遵守交通规则。 （2）否定句：主语 + should not + 动词原形 + 其他 You shouldn't go out alone at night. 你晚上不应该独自外出。 （3）一般疑问句：Should + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ Should I open the door？ 我应该打开门吗？

（4）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + should + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ When should we go？我们应该什么时候去？ 16、反身代词：某人自己

反身代词 人称 单数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 myself yourself himself/ herself/ itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves by oneself 某人自己独自做 She does her homework by herself. help oneself to sth 某人自便 Please help yourselves, children. enjoy oneself 某人玩的开心 Please enjoy yourself, John. teach oneself 自学 He teaches himself at home. 注意单复数！！