2010最新高考完形填空解题技巧指导

that is to say, what is more, all things considered等。逻辑关系语对准确理解语篇意义能够起到很强的提示作用。完形填空中很多题目都围绕它们而设。考生在解题时要充分利用这些逻辑关系语，找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项，如其同义词、近义词或反义词等，有时这些词、短语甚至复现在文中。

【例】 The girl became increasingly worried about this, both when__46__and in her dreams. （07全国卷I） 46. A. asleep B. away C. around D. awake

【析】本句的逻辑关系语是both ... and ...，它表示并列关系。and后出现了in her dreams，故此空必定和其有关。选项中只有awake和in her dreams构成反义关系，因此D项正确。

【例】 Before leaving, I had turned the heater__48__in the roadhouse, so that when we went in, it was nice and__49__.（07湖北卷） 48. A. on B. off C. in D. over 49. A. neat B. hot

C. warm D. attractive

【析】本句的逻辑关系语是so that和and。连词and表并列关系，但要注意，nice and后接形容词或副词，大多意为“很”，如：The room is nice and warm. （这个房间很暖和。） / The breeze is nice and cool. （这阵微笑很凉

爽。） / The car is going nice and far. （这辆轿车跑得很快。）发热器只能使房间变暖或变热，因此49 选C；so that表因果关系，根据句意“为了我们进来时室内很温暖”，只有turn on the heater才合乎逻辑，因此48选A。 【技巧小试】

① ... those challenges are the very things that__37__us and make us who we are ... （07山东卷）

37. A. design B. promote C. direct D. shape ②It’

s a little funny seeing friends in clean shoes and trousers or colorful__36__, instead of the usual school uniform. （07北京卷） 36. A. shapes B. dresses C. flowers D. pictures

③“You need__36__,” his father said. “But if you don’t work hard, no fortune will come.” （07辽宁卷） 36. A. exercise B. fortune C. knowledge D. wealth 答案：① D② B ③ B

【技巧二】通晓上下文意，注意习惯搭配

词汇的习惯用法或固定搭配，特别是动词、名词、形容词、介词等的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例很大。如果考生在备考时对常用的习惯用法或固定搭配能牢固地掌握，并在解题时灵活运用，就能达到事半功倍的效果。

【例】 A young man, wet from__42__to toe, explained that he had__43__out of petrol about 30 km up the road. （07湖北卷） 42. A. finger B. shoulder C. head D. hand 43. A. driven B. used C. come D. run

【析】本句中两个考点都是固定搭配。第一个from head to toe / foot意为 “从头到脚，全身上下”；第二个run out of意为 “用完，耗尽”。答案分别为C和D。 【例】 Java began to enjoy one of the year’

s greatest event: “the Night of the Full Moon”, a festival（节日）that is especially popular__44__young people.（07安徽卷） 44. A.for B.to C.with D.in

【析】 be popular with为固定词组，意为“受??欢迎”。其它选项均不能和popular构成固定搭配，故答案为C。 【技巧小试】

①He tried to__31__a telephone call, but was unable to__32__. （07浙江卷） 31. A. make B. fix

C. use D. pick

32. A. get on B. get up C. get through D. get in ②

He got good grades in the school, especially__43__biology and chemistry, which was a great comfort.（07重庆卷） 43. A. in B. about C. of D. for 答案：① A; C ② A

【技巧三】明确文章语境，搞清词语差异

高考完形填空选项的设置一般均属于同一词类，有的甚至在意义上也非常接近。为了顺利解答此类问题，考生在平时记忆单词时，要在例句中把握其用法并能在考试中结合语境，比较四个选项的细微差别，推敲什么是最佳答案。

【例】 I felt the__48__of a lifetime had come.（07江西卷） 48. A. moment B. period

C. while D. date

【析】 四个选项均有“日期、时期”之意，但仔细辨析可知，moment 意为“时刻、契机”，“转机”；period意为“时期、阶段”；while意为“一会儿”；date意为“日期”。根据of a lifetime had come（一生的??到了）设置的语境，可知moment为最佳选项。 【例】 ... the lady didn’

t take a bite. She sat there__34__her husband eat, and taking turns (轮流) sipping the drink.（07陕西卷）

34. A. seeing B. noticing

C. watching D. finding

【析】四个选项都有“看”之意。see sb. do sth.意为“看见了某人做了某事”；notice sb. do sth. 意为“（无意中）注意到某人做了某事”；watch sb. do sth. 意为“注视 / 观看某人做某事”，find后不接动词原形作宾补。通过语境可知，女士自己不吃，只是看着丈夫吃，因此C项正确。 【技巧小试】

①

The doors had been shut. They__30__be opened from the inside. He was trapped（被困） in a library. （07浙江卷）

30. A. wouldn’t B. shouldn’t C. couldn’t D. needn’t

②I was so nervous that my hands shook, and I__47__a cup into pieces. （07湖南卷）

47. A. damaged B. destroyed C. broke D. ruined

答案：① C ② C

【技巧四】探究前后逻辑，确定连接词汇

连接词是构成语篇的纽带，也是相关语句信息的结合点。命题人常在这些“关节”上设置题目，考查学生的语用能力。因此，考生在解题时，要仔细分析，推理前后的逻辑关系，确定最佳选项。

【例】 She had excellent grades,__24__she always thought that something was missing.（07天津卷）

24. A. orB. soC. forD. but 【析】 根据空前的excellent grades和空后的always和something was missing，可推知“她”成绩虽突出，可对生活仍不满足，故选择转折连词but，即答案为D。

【例】 ...

“Would you mind telling me when you are thinking of leaving?__40__are you going to sit in your car all day?” （07全国卷II）

40. A. For B. Or C. But D. So

【析】根据空前的leaving和空后的sit in your car all day，说明对方在询问并让“我”做出选择，从而推知答案为表示选择关系的连词or。 【技巧小试】

①

My body had long since used up all its energy__50__it went on running just the same.（07江西卷）

50. A. so B. But C. or D. as

②I told her I would mess it up__37__I had never worked at the bar before.（07湖南卷）

37. A. because B. though C. until D. while 答案：① B ② A

【技巧五】利用语法关联，推理最佳选项

虽然高考完型填空的考查越来越淡化语法，但一个语义连贯的语篇必须通过省略、指代、时间或地点关联等语法关系来实现。因此，命题人常利用这些关联“制造语境”，设置考点。考生解题时可利用这些语法关系对句子进行分析、判断并推理出最佳选项。

【例】 I was too busy__55__the restaurant I would open one day.（07湖南卷） A. imagining B. preparing C. examining D. describing

【析】如果不看下文时态，很难确定选项。但空后would表明“我”将在未来某一天开自己的饭店，从而推知现在只是在忙着“想像”将来的情景，故答案为A。

【例】 That day, he(Lang Lang) told his father__45__he had been waiting to hear—that he wanted to study with a new teacher.（07辽宁卷） 45. A. that B. what C. which D. when

【析】 07辽宁卷讲述了青年钢琴家郎朗年幼时学钢琴的故事。解答此题的关键在于确定第二个he的指代对象。如果他指Lang Lang，则句子不但在语法上错误，而且在语义上也讲不通。可见45空要选一个既能引导宾语从句，又能在从句中当hear的宾语的词，在四个待选词中只有what才能胜任，所以应选B。破折号之后的that从句是what的同位语从句。

【技巧小试】

① ... he would say, “If you want them, make the money and buy them__39__.”（07福建卷）

39. A. themselves B. ourselves C. yourself D. myself ②

In dealing with many challenges that friendship will bring to you, try to see them for50they are: small hurdles you need to jump ... . （07山东卷） 50. A. what B. who C. where D. which 答案：① C ② A

【技巧六】联系生活常识，再现相关情景

完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的记叙文或叙议结合、富有哲理的论说文，这些语篇都非常贴近学生生活。考生在解题时，可以根据生活常识或结合常识充分地想像当时的情景，从而达到去“伪”存“真”的目的。

【例】 ... the girl was able to lead her birds to run across the grass, but she could not teach them to__45__.（07全国卷I） 45. A. fly B. race

C. swim D. sing

【析】 根据常识，人类可以race、swim或sing，但是不会直接像鸟一样振翅飞翔，因此小女孩不能教给鸟儿“飞翔”，故答案为A。

【例】 Everywhere, there were the paper remains of usedfireworks lying on the g