2010届高三英语复习考点汇集

4、祈使句 Take care! Don't stand there.

Please open the door for the old lady. II．例题

例1，Don't forget to post the letter, _______ ?

A. will you B. do you C. won't you D. shall you

解析：该题答案为A， 在否定句、祈使句后只用\you\，但肯定的祈使句后可用如，Wait for me, will (won't, can, can't, could) you? 例2，Let's go out for a walk, _______ ?

A. will you B. won't you C. shall we D. do we

解析：该题答案为C，let's…后加上shall we来表语气婉转、客气，而在let us后加上will you。

例3，He hardly writes to you, _______ ?

A. doesn't he B. does he C. do they D. has he 解析：该题答案为B，hardly否定副词，反问部分要用肯定形式。 各种从句 I．要点

根据从句在句中的句法功能，从句可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。 1、 名词性从句 （1） 主语从句

What he wants is a piece of paper.

It is believed that he can solve the problem. 注：主语从句的谓语动词用单数。 （2）宾语从句

I don't know how to solve the problem. Do you know where he lives? （3）表语从句

The problem is who can help me. This is why I came here.

（4）同位语从句

I have no idea where he went. I heard the news that he would come.

同位语从句用that引导，常跟在fact, idea, news, promise, thought, message, hope, belief, doubt等词后，that在从句中不作任何成分。 2、定语从句

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，或修饰整个主句的从句叫做定语从句，引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that, as,和关系副词when, where, why。 （1）that指物时一般可与which互换，但在下列情况下，要用that而不用which。 a. 先行词有all, everything等不定代词时，如， Everything (that) he did is wrong.

b. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时，如， I'll read all the books (that) you lend me. c. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，

This is the first letter (that) the boy has written.

d. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时，如 He is the very man (that) I'm looking for. e. 只用which的情况

在介词后或在非限定性定语从句中

This is the book about which we have talked a lot.

The book, which he gave me yesterday, is very interesting. f. where和when作关系副词

This is the room where I worked. This is the room which I stayed in.

I remembered the day when we lived there. I remembered the day that I spent there. g. as和which

as 可以放于句首，而which 不可以 As you know, he is good at English. three of them 和three of which

I have a lot of books, three of which are in Russian. I have a lot of books and three of them are in Russian. 3、状语从句

在复合句中起状语作用的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句可分为时间状语、地点状语、原因状语、目的状语、结果状语、条件状语、行为方式状语、比较状语、让步状语等多种。 II． 例题

例1、 _______ I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business. A. If B. Whether C. Even if D. No matter when

解析：该题答案为B。whether可以和or连用，if不可以，此外if一般仅用于宾语从句。 例2、The way _______ these comrades look at problems is wrong. A. where B. in that C.X D. with which

解析：该题答案为C，先行词是way，定语从句中用that或 in which来引导或不填。 例3， ____a long time since I saw you last time. A．It was B. It is C. It had been D. It can be

解析：该题答案为B，It is +时间数+ since引导的从句是一个句型，意为\从…时候以来过了多久了。\ 主谓一致 I． 要点

谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义上一致和就近一致。 1、语法上一致

（1）以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词要用单数，主语为复数时，谓语用复数，如， To work hard is necessary for a student. （2）用and或both……and连接的并列主语，谓语动词用复数， 如， Both he and I are right.

但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数， 如, His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.

（3）主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like等，谓语动词仍用单数，

如，The teacher as well as his students is excited.

（4）某些不定代词，如做主语，谓语动词要用单数，如:Everyone has a book.

（5）一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数， 如，A lot of people are dancing outside. 2、意义上一致

（1）、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数， 如，Twenty years is not a long time.

（2）、表示总称意义的名词public, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词用复数，如，

People are talking about the accident.

（3）、有些集合名词，如family, team等作主语，如作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数，如指其中每个成员，则用复数，如， My family is a big one. My family are watching TV. 3、邻近一致

用连词or, either……or, neither……nor, whether……or, not only…but also,等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致，如， Either you or I am mad. II．例题

例1、 The chemical works _______ where my father has worked for thirty years in 1949.

A. was built B. were built C. is built D. are built

解析：该题答案为A。works形式上是复数，意思上是单数，因此谓语动词用单数，类似的还有news, maths, politics, physics.

例2、They each _______ a copy of the new physics. A. have B. has C. having D. gets

解析：该题答案为A。They each不等于each of …, each of 这个词组作主语谓语用单数如each of the students hands in their homework，而they each作主语，谓语要随each前面的词来变化。 倒装