自动窗的设计

自动窗的设计

学 生 姓 名：指

导

教

师：合作指导教师：

专业名称：所在

学

院：

机械设计制造及其自动化 机械与动力工程学院

2013 年6 月

目 录

摘要 ........................................................................................................................................ I Abstract ................................................................................................................................. II 第一章 绪论 ......................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 自动窗设计背景 ..................................................................................................... 1 1.2 自动窗的工作原理 ................................................................................................. 1 1.3 自动窗的发展现状 ................................................................................................. 1 1.4 自动窗的发展趋势 ................................................................................................. 2 1.5 主要研究内容 ......................................................................................................... 2 第二章 总体设计方案的选择与论证 ................................................................................. 3

2.1 控制系统设计方案的选择与论证 ......................................................................... 3 2.2 系统方案 ................................................................................................................. 5 2.3 机械传动系统方案的选择 ..................................................................................... 5 第三章 控制系统详细设计 ................................................................................................. 7

3.1 硬件介绍 ................................................................................................................. 7 3.2 单片机控制电路 ................................................................................................... 16 3.3 直流电机的接口电路设计 ................................................................................... 16 3.4 光电耦合电路 ....................................................................................................... 18 第四章 机械部分具体设计 ............................................................................................... 19

4.1 直流电机的选择 ................................................................................................... 19 4.2 主动轴的设计 ....................................................................................................... 19 4.3 部分零部件件的二维及三维图 ........................................................................... 21 第五章 结论与建议 ......................................................................................................... 24

5.1 结论 ....................................................................................................................... 24 5.2 建议 ....................................................................................................................... 24 致谢 ..................................................................................................................................... 25 参考文献 ............................................................................................................................. 26 附录 ..................................................................................................................................... 27

摘要

随着科技的不断发展，自动窗在人们日常生活中越来越得到了广泛的应用，同时人们对其安全性及各方面的性能的要求也越来越高。自动窗是随着人们对生活条件的不断追求，科技的不断发展应运而生的高科技产品。本设计中机械系统部分，采用直流电机驱动带转动，窗体体挂接在同步带上。当带转动时，带动窗体动作，实现开关。控制系统部分使用光敏电阻和雨水传感器作为感应器，检测到光线强弱及雨水变化时，将其转化为电信号，传给单片机。通过单片机控制直流电机，驱动传动机构,实现窗的自动开关。

关键词: 自动窗，单片机，传感器。

I

Abstract

With the continuous development of science and technology, automatic window in People's Daily life interrupts a wide range of applications, its security and the properties of the demand is higher and higher. The automatic window is with people living conditions for the pursuit of science and technology, the development of high-tech products. This design use dc motor drive the ribbon running, by joining on the synchronous belt, the window can open and close automatically.In the control system, the inductor that this design using are photoresistance and rain sensor, when light and rainwater change, detection to human radiation of the infrared ray energy change turn it into electrical signals, to micro controller. DC motor as the window drive device. By the single-chip microcomputer controlling DC motor, and the DC motor driving transmission machine. the window open and close automatically.

Key words: automatic window, microcomputer ,sensor.

II