七年级英语第三单元语法篇

Unit 3 The Earth（语法篇）

一.可数名词和不可数名词

1. 可数名词的用法

（1）可数名词有单复数之分。可数名词单数形式常为名词本身，且一般要在其前加冠词或其他限定词。单数可数名词做主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。 eg：My name is Alice. （2）名词负数形式一般是在名词词尾加-s（-es），具体变化规则如下： ①大多数名词变复数时均在词尾加-s。如：ruler→rulers, book→books ②以s，x，ch，sh结尾的在词尾加-es。如：watch→watches

③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-es。如：family→families，strawberry→strawberries

④以f，fe结尾的，变y为i，再加-es。如：knife（小刀）→knives，wife→wives ⑤以o结尾的，一般来说加-s。如：zoo→zoos，photo→photos；也有单词加-es，如：tomato→tomatoes，potato→potatoes，hero→heroes 名词变复数不规则变化： ①通过内部元音变化构成复数。 woman→women，man→men，foot→feet，tooth→teeth，goose→geese ②有些名词的单复数形式相同。 ，deer→deer（鹿），Chinese→Chinese,Japanese→Japanese sheep→sheep（绵羊） ③有些名词单复数形式不同。 child→children，mouse→mice（老鼠） 2.不可数名词的用法 不可数名词不能计数，一般没有复数形式，也不能用不定冠词a/an或数词one直接修饰。它包括物质名词和抽象名词。不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 eg：This is glue.这是胶水。 ①不可数名词可用some，any，much，a lot of，（a）little，a bit of来修饰，表示一定的量。 eg：I don’t have any milk, but I have some tea. 我没有牛奶，但我有茶。 ②不可数名词可用表示数量的名词来表示其数量，此时的名词有复数形式。 eg：Three bags of milk are three yuan. 3袋牛奶3元钱。 二.There be句型

There be句型表示其地或某时有某物。There是引导词，本身无实际意义；be是谓语动词，be后的名词是真正的主语。其句式变化见下表： 肯定式 否定式 There+be+主语+地点状语/时间状语 Eg：There is a car in front of the house. There+be+not+主语+其他. Eg：There isn’t any water here. Be+there+主语+其他？ Yes,there+be./No,there+be+not. Eg：—Are there any books in the bag? —Yes, there are./No,there aren’t. 一般疑问句及其答语

将来时结构 There will be.../There be going to be... Eg：There will/is going to be a meeting tomorrow. ①当主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时，其谓语必须用单数；当主语是可数名词复数 时，其谓语必须用复数。 ②如果There be句型后的主语是几个并列名词时，则根据第一个名词地点数确定be的 形式，即该名词若是单数或不可数名词，be用单数；该名词若是复数，be用复数。 实践才是硬道理： 一. 单项选择

1. —Are there any maps on the wall? — A. There are some. B. Yes, there is. C. Yes, there is one. D. No, there are. 2. How many ____ are there in the picture? A. woman B. women C. boy D. milk

3. There on the wall .They are very beautiful.

A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos 4. There are four and two in the group.

A. Japanese, Germen B. Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese, German D. Japanese, Germans 5. The boys have got already.

A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 6. The old man wants . A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples 7. There some in the river. A. is, fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are, fish 8. We should clean twice a day.

A .our tooth B. our tooths C. teeth D. our teeth 9. The meeting room is near the reading room. A. teacher B. teacher’s C. teachers’ D. teachers 10. In Britain are all painted red.

A. letter boxes B. letters boxes C. letter box D. letters box 11. There are birds in that big tree.

A. hundreds of B. five hundreds of C. five hundred of D. hundred of 12. There two bowls of rice on the table. A. is B. have C. has D. are

13. There not milk in the cup on the table. A. are, many B. are, much C. is, many D. is, much 14. There is some on the table. A. apple B. orange C. cake D. sandwich

15. There isn't ____ paper in the box. Will you go and get some for me? A. any B. some C. a D. an

16. How many ____ are there in your classroom? A. desks B. desk C. chair D. door

17. There ____ something wrong with our classroom.

A. are B. has C. is D. have

18. ____ any flowers on both sides of the street ?

A. Is there B. Are there C. Has D. Have 19. There ________ a football match on TV this evening. A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have

20. There ____ an apple and ten bananas in the basket. You can take any of them. A. are B. is C. has D. have 二．完形填空

Bruce likes playing 1 a river. But there 2 a river near his new house. He is not very happy.

One day, he asks 3 mother,“ 4 a river near here?”“No, there 5 ”,his mother says, “But 6 new house has a garden? ”“I don’t like 7 ”says Bruce.

One morning, his mother says “ 8 is a beautiful park near here. Bruce, and there 9 two pools in it. We’ll go there this afternoon.” Bruce is very happy.

After lunch, Bruce and his mother 10 the park, and he plays in one of the pools. He has a very good time.

( )1.A. at B. to C. in D. from ( )2.A. isn’t B. is C. aren’t D. are ( )3.A. her B. his C. our D. their ( )4.A. There is B. Are there C. There are D. Is there ( )5.A. isn’t B. is C. aren’t D. are ( )6.A. your B. my C. our D. us ( )7.A. you B. me C. them D. it ( )8.A. They B. It C. This D. There ( )9.A. is B. are C. isn’t D. aren’t ( )10.A. go to B. comes to C. to D. come 三. 阅读理解

It seems to us that the earth stands quite still (静止的). But it is really moving all the time. It turns around a make-believe line through its center. We call this make-believe line the earth's axis (地轴). The two ends of the earth's axis are called its poles (极). The earth travels twenty-four hours around its axis once.

We look at the sun and say it \turning of the earth makes us feel as if the sun were moving across the sky. We can't see that the earth is moving because everything else on the earth is turning with us. As the earth turns around every twenty-four hours, first one half faces the sun and then the other half. When our half of the earth is facing the sun, we say it is \It is the turning of the earth that tells us when to go to bed and when to get up. 1.The meaning of \ A. is called pole B. we can't see

C. anyone can see D. we can make and believe

2.It takes the earth ______ to turn around its axis once. A. a week B. a month C. 12 hours D. 24 hours

3.Usually we say, \ A. does not move B. is moving all the time C. moves sometimes D. is too heavy to move

4.We can't see the earth moving because _________. A. the earth stands still

B. everything on the earth is moving with us C. the earth is smaller than the sun D. the earth goes only at night

5.When our part of the earth turns away from the sun we have \faces the sun we have \

A. day; night B. day; day C. night; day D. night; night 四．写出下列名词的复数形式

1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、bed 9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、potato 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife 21、sheep 五．根据所给汉语完成句子。

1. 桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。There a book and two pens on the desk. 2. 钱包里有些钱。There some money in the picture.

3. 在吉姆的书包里有一些卡片。 some cards in Jim’s bag. 4. 里面还有其他的东西吗？ anything else in it? 5. 我们学校有许多班。There many _________ in our school. 6. 树上没有鸟。There _____ ______ birds in the tree.

7. 树上有很多苹果。______ ______ _______apples ______the tree. 六．句型转换：

1.There is a woman near the house.（变复数） 2. There are some buses near the hill.（变单数） 3. There are some apples on the tree.（变一般问句） 4. There is some orange in the glass.（变否定句）

5. Is there a baby in the room?（变复数） 6. There aren't any pictures on the wall. (同意句转换) There _______ _______ pictures on the wall. 7. There is no milk in the glass. (同意句转换) There milk in the glass.

8. There are four children on the playground. (就划线部分提问)

_______ children ______ on the playground? 9. There is only one cat behind the door. (就划线部分提问) ______ there behind the door? 10. There is some water in the bottle. (就划线部分提问) ______ there in the bottle?

参考答案：

一．1~5：CBBDC 6~10：AADCA 11~15：AADBA 16~20：ACBBB 二．1~5：CABDA :6~10：CDDBA

三．1~5：1.B。根据句子的意思及地理课上学到的知识，可知地球绕其中心旋转的那条线叫做地轴。这是一条假想的、看不见的东西。故答案是B。 2.D。根据\这个句子可直接选出正确答案。事实上，确切地说，地球自转一周所用的时间是23时48分46秒。

3.A。答案就在\o so. The turning of the earth makes us feel as if the sun were moving across the sky.\这两句话中。选项D迷惑性较大，但是这利用由地理知识来排除。 4.B。这是表层理解题，很明显答案在%us\一句中。

5.C。只要理解了\half is away from the sun, we say it is 'night'.\这句话中face的意思，即它在此处用作动词(意思是\对着；面向\，答案即可迎刃而解。 四．1. orange/oranges 2. classes 3. texts 4. monkeys 5. pianos 6. children 7. shelves 8. beds 9. countries 10. families 11. toys 12. feet 13. Japanese 14. radios 15. potatoes 16. armies 17. tomatoes 18. foxes 19. women 20. knives 21. sheep

五．1. is 2. is 3. There are 4. There is 5. are classes 6. aren’t any / are no 7. There are many on 六．1. There are some women near the house. 2. There is a bus near the hill. 3. Are there any apples on the tree? 4. There isn’t any orange in glass.

5. Are there any babies in the room? 6. are no 7. isn’t any 8. How many, are there 9. How many cats are 10. How much water is there