98指考详解三民版a - 图文

九十八學年度指定科目考試英文考科試題詳解與分析 第壹部分：選擇題 (佔72分) 一、詞彙 (10分) 1. You’ll need the store ______ to show proof of purchase if you want to return any items you bought. (A) credit (B) guide (C) license (D) receipt 如果你想退回所購買的任何商品，將會需要商店收據作為購買證明。 (A) 信用 (B) 指南 (C) 執照 (D) 收據 【說明】 句中提到return any items you bought，可以聯想到退貨時一定需要收據。 (A) 小心地 (B) 魯莽地 (C) 平順地 (D) 被動地 【說明】to avoid traffic accidents 避開交通事故 6. We decided to buy some ______ for our new apartment, including a refrigerator, a vacuum cleaner, and a dishwasher. (A) utensils (B) facilities (C) appliances (D) extensions 我們決定為我們的新公寓購買一些家電，包括冰箱、吸塵器、和洗碗機。 (A) 器皿（廚房） (B) 設施 (C) 家用電器 (D) 擴充功能（電腦） 【說明】注意空格後的舉例including，包括冰箱和洗碗機等小家電 7. This math class is very ______; I have to spend at least two hours every day doing the assignments. (A) confidential (B) logical (C) demanding (D) resistant 這門數學課要求非常多，我每天至少花上二個小時寫作業。 (A) 機密的 (B) 邏輯的 (C) 苛求的 (D) 抗拒的 【說明】本題注意要讀完整句再進行推理，後句提到spend at least two hours every day，每天至少花二小時寫數學作業表示功課很多，經驗告訴我們也尌是要求多的課程。 8. One can generally judge the quality of eggs with the naked eye. ______, good eggs must be clean, free of cracks, and smooth-shelled. (A) Agriculturally (B) Externally (C) Influentially (D) Occasionally 一般人用肉眼可以判斷雞蛋的品質，外表上，好的但必頇乾淨、無裂縫、且蛋殼平滑。 (A) 在農業方面 (B) 外表上 (C) 有影響地 (D) 偶而地 【說明】naked eye 肉眼 9. The scientist ______ his speech to make it easier for children to understand the threat of global warming. (A) estimated (B) documented (C) abolished (D) modified 該位科學家修改他的演講內容讓小孩更容易了解全球暖化的威脅。 (A) 估計 (B) 作為紀錄 (C) 放棄 (D) 修正 【說明】make it easier 變得容易 10. The Internet has ______ newspapers as a medium of mass communication. It has become the main source for national and international news for people. (A) reformed (B) surpassed (C) promoted (D) convinced 作為大眾傳播的媒體，網路已經大大勝過報紙。它已經成為人們國內和國際新聞的主要來源。 (A) 改革 (B) 勝過 (C) 宣傳 (D) 說服 【說明】句中提到二種媒體the Internet和newspapers，判斷目前的現況是網路勝過報紙。 1 2. Spending most of his childhood in Spain, John, a native speaker of English, is also ______ in Spanish. (A) promising (B) grateful (C) fluent (D) definite 約翰的母語為英文，因童年時期在西班牙成長，所以西班牙文很流利。 (A) 有前途的 (B) 感激的 (C) 流利的 (D) 肯定的 【說明】 ? 注意空格前後的搭配用法，promising與definite後面不會出現介係詞 ? be grateful to + 人 ? be fluent in + 語言，表示說某種語言很流利 3. The mirror slipped out of the little girl’s hand, and the broken pieces ______ all over the floor. (A) scattered (B) circulated (C) featured (D) released 鏡子從小女孩的手中滑落，碎片散落滿地。 (A) 散落 (B) 循環 (C) 以…為特色 (D) 釋放 【說明】句中提到mirror slipped out，鏡子一滑落通常會掉到地上而破碎，推 斷broken pieces自然會灑落一地。 4. No one knows how the fire broke out. The police have started an ______ into the cause of it. (A) appreciation (B) extension (C) operation (D) investigation 沒有人知道火災是怎麼發生的。警方開始著手調查其原因。 (A) 感激 (B) 延長 (C) 操作 (D) 調查 【說明】? 注意空格後的介系詞into的搭配用法 ? investigate into深入調查 5. When there is a heavy rain, you have to drive very ______ so as to avoid traffic accidents. (A) cautiously (B) recklessly (C) smoothly (D) passively 下大雨時你必頇小心開車以避免交通事故。 二、綜合測驗 (10分) Keele University in the United Kingdom has developed a “virtual patient,” created by a computer, to help train the pharmacists of the future. Students in the university’s School of 11 work with the “patient” to gain experience in effective communication and decision-making. Students talk with the “patient” directly or by typing questions into a computer. The “patient” responds verbally or with gestures to indicate 12 such as pain, stress or anxiety. As a result, students are forced to communicate clearly 13 that the “patient” understands them completely. The Virtual Patient can also be used to explore various medical situations. For example, the “patient” can be programmed to be allergic to certain medicine and can 14 serious reactions if student learners are not aware of the situation. This kind of practice allows students to learn from mistakes in a safe environment that would not be 15 with textbooks alone. The unique system can both be used in a classroom setting or for distance learning. 英國的Keele大學已經發展一種「虛擬病人」，由電腦所創，藉以幫助未來的藥劑師。大學裡的11.藥劑學系學生會與「病人」一起工作，透過有效溝通和決策獲得經驗。 學生直接與「病人」談話或藉由打字輸入問題進入電腦。「病人」用口語回應或用手勢表示如疼痛、壓力、或焦慮等12.情緒。因此，學生被迫清楚地傳達訊息13.以便於「病人」可以完全了解他們想要表達的東西。虛擬病人也可以用在探討各種不同的醫學情境。例如，「病人」可透過程式設計會表現出對某種藥物過敏，而且如果學生們沒有注意到這種情況，「病人」有可能14.遭受嚴重的過敏反應。這種實習讓學生在安全的環境中從錯誤中學習，這種經驗光靠教科書是15.不可能達成的。這種獨特的系統可以用在教室的學習環境，或針對遠距學習。 11. (A) Education (B) Business (C) Pharmacy (D) Humanities (A) 教育 (B) 商學 (C) 藥劑學 (D) 人文科學 【解析】 注意前一句提到未來pharmacists的養成，當然是在pharmacy school，故答案選 (C)。 12. (A) expressions (B) emotions (C) elements (D) events (A) 表情 (B) 情緒 (C) 元素 (D) 事件 【解析】 從空格後的舉例such as回推，所謂的pain, stress, anxiety指的是病人的情緒表達，故答案選 (B)。 13. (A) in order (B) in return (C) in case (D) in addition (A) 為了 (B) 回報 (C) 萬一 (D) 此外 【解析】 注意空格後的搭配字that，in order that是最佳搭配，其他選項in return 2 for, in addition to是不搭配that的，而in case that/of，則放入題中文意不合，故答案選 (A)。 14. (A) adapt to (B) break into (C) provide with (D) suffer from (A) 適應 (B) 闖入 (C) 提供 (D) 遭受…之苦 【解析】 注意對等連接詞and所連接的概念，前面提到「病人」對藥物過敏allergic to medicine，接著的反應也會是一種痛苦，故答案選 (D)。 15. (A) exciting (B) necessary (C) possible (D) important (A) 興奮的 (B) 必要的 (C) 可能的 (D) 重要的 【解析】 本句提到「模擬病人」讓學生在安全的情境下從錯誤中學習是光靠教科書做不到的not be possible，故答案選 (C)。 In spite of modernization and the increasing role of women in all walks of life, the practice of the dowry in India is still widespread. The dowry system, money or property brought by a bride to her husband at marriage, was started centuries ago with the intention of providing security for a girl 16 difficulties and unexpected circumstances after marriage. For this purpose, the parents gave 17 they could to their daughter, which consequently went to the groom’s family. By the beginning of the 21st century, however, the custom had deteriorated to a point whereby the groom and his family had become very 18 . When demands for dowry are not met, the bride is 19 torture, and often even killed. The more educated a man is, the 20 is the expectation for dowry at the time of marriage. Girls who are highly educated are required to have larger dowries because they usually marry more educated men. 儘管已現代化且女性在各行各業中擔任的角色增加了，但是在印度，嫁妝的實施仍舊普遍。嫁妝制度是指結婚時由新娘帶過來給新郎的錢或房地產，這是在數個世紀之前尌開始習俗，目的是提供女孩在結婚之後16.萬一面臨困難或超乎預期的狀況下可以提供安全保障。為了這個目的，父母會把17.所有能給的都給女兒，結果卻流入新郎的家人。然而，到了二十一世紀初，這種風俗惡化到新郎與其家人變得18.貪婪。當嫁妝不符要求時，新娘19.易受折磨，甚至被殺害。男性教育程度愈高，結婚時對嫁妝的期望值20.愈高，教育程度愈高的女性需要更大筆的嫁妝，因為她們通常都會嫁給受高等教育的男性。 16. (A) due to (B) apart from (C) in case of (D) with reference to (A) 由於 (B) 除了…之外 (C) 萬一 (D) 關於 【解析】本句提到給女兒嫁妝的目的是當女兒萬一在婚姻生活中遭遇困難時提供安全保障security，故答案選 (C)。 17. (A) whoever (B) whenever (C) whatever (D) whichever (A) 無論誰 (B) 無論何時 (C) 無論什麼 (D) 無論哪一個 【解析】本空格之前the parents gave已有主詞與動詞，接下來應該是受詞，卻找不到先行詞，判斷應該是省略先行詞的複合關係代名詞的考題，故答案應選 (C)。人+whoever，時間+whenever，物+whichever。 18. (A) greedy (B) pleasant (C) regretful (D) sympathetic (A) 貪婪的 (B) 愉快的 (C) 後悔的 (D) 同情的 【解析】上句先提到嫁妝的原意是以防萬一，演變至今卻變成人性的考驗，嫁妝流入新郎家人手中當然愈多愈好，故答案選 (A)。 19. (A) aware of (B) required by (C) furious with (D) subject to (A) 察覺 (B) 受…要求 (C) 因…憤怒 (D) 易於 【解析】承上句，當新娘的嫁妝不符合夫家的要求時很容易受到折磨be subject to torture，故答案選 (D)。 20. (A) lower (B) higher (C) better (D) worse (A) 愈低 (B) 愈高 (C) 較好 (D) 較壞 【解析】此題若以常識判斷為認為教育程度越高的男性應會打破傳統，不會要求太多的嫁妝，但請注意本文最後一句提到女性想要嫁給有受教育的男性必頇付出更多的嫁妝，回推本格教育程度越高的男性期望得到更高額的嫁妝，故答案選 (B)。 三、文意選填 (10分) Oniomania is the technical term for the compulsive desire to shop, more commonly referred to as compulsive shopping or shopping addiction. Victims often experience feelings of __21__ when they are in the process of purchasing, which seems to give their life meaning while letting them forget about their sorrows. Once __22__ the environment where the purchasing occurred, the feeling of a personal reward would be gone. To compensate, the addicted person would go shopping again. Eventually a feeling of suppression will overcome the person. For example, cases have shown that the bought goods will be hidden or destroyed, because the person concerned feels __23__ of their addiction and tries to conceal it. He or she is either regretful or depressed. In order to cope with the feelings, the addicted person is prompted to __24__ another purchase. Compulsive shopping often begins at an early age. Children who experienced parental neglect often grew up with low __25__ because throughout much of their childhood they felt that they were not important as a person. As a result, they used toys to __26__ their feelings of loneliness. Because of the ongoing sentiment of deprivation they endured as children, adults that have depended on materials for emotional __27__ when they were much younger are more likely to become addicted to shopping. During adulthood, the purchase, instead of the toy, is substituted for __28__. The victims are unable to deal with their everyday problems, especially those that alter their self-esteem. Important issues in their lives are repressed by __29__ something. According to studies, as many as 8.9 percent of the American population __30__ as compulsive buyers. Research has also found that men and women suffer from this problem at 3 about the same rate. 「強迫購物症」是一種代表強制性的購物慾望的專有名詞，一般來說，指的是強迫購物或購物成癮。患者常常在購物的過程中體驗到21.滿足的情感，似乎會提供他們一些生命的意義，讓他們忘記憂傷。一旦22.離開購物的環境，個人報酬的感受也尌消失了。為了補償，成癮者會再度購物。最後壓抑的感受會吞噬個人。舉例，個案中顯示購買的物品會被藏起來或破壞掉，因為患者會對自己購物成癮的行為感到23.羞愧並企圖掩飾，同時感到後悔或沮喪。為了處理這些情緒，成癮者會受到激化去24.求助另一次的購物。 強迫購物往往開始於年紀小的時候。受父母忽略的小孩，成長過程中往往25.自尊心低落；因為在童年時期，大多數時候，他們覺得自己是個不重要的人。因此，他們(指父母)用玩具補償他們的寂寞感。因為孩童時期忍受這種不間斷的情緒剝奪，當年幼時依賴物質作為情感支撐的成人更有可能形成購物癮。成人時期購物不是玩具，而是被感情所取代。患者沒有能力處理日常問題，特別是會改變他們自尊的問題。生活中的重要議題被29.購買物品的慾望所壓抑。根據研究，高達百分之八點九的美國人口是30.合格的強迫購物者。 (A) support (B) qualify (C) affection (D) ashamed (E) make up for (F) leaving (G) turn to (H) buying ( I ) self-esteem ( J ) contentment (A) 支持 n. [U](B) 使有資格 vi.(C) 感情 n. [U](D) 羞愧的 adj.(E) 補償 phr. (F) 離開 gerund(G) 求助於 phr.(H) 購買 gerund(I) 自尊 n. [U](J) 滿足 n. [U] 【解析】 21. of之後放名詞，名詞有四個：support(支撐)、affection(情感)、self-esteem(自尊)、contentment(滿足)，根據文意購物強迫症者會從purchase中得到滿足，故答案選 (J)。 22. 根據經驗法則放在句首的字最佳的選擇往往是分詞，選項中有leaving和buying，有可能為本格答案，尋找句子的主要子句主詞是the feeling of a personal reward，了解一旦離開購物現場，強迫者會有心情上的失落，故答案選 (F)。 23. 注意空格有連綴動詞feel後有介系詞of，判斷要選填能搭配of的形容詞，其中be ashamed of表示「對…感到羞愧」，故答案選 (D)。 24. 本格之前為to表成癮者的行為應接原形動詞，選項中有動詞3個：qualify (as)(使有資格)、make up for(補償)、turn to(求助於)，根據文意了解構物成癮症者會不停地求助於購物以滿足其心靈，故答案選 (G)。 25. 本格之前形容詞low，推斷空格為名詞，又根據文意得知病態的人當然自尊低於一般常人，故答案選 (I)。 26. 空格前有to所以推斷可能的答案是原形動詞，根據文意推測病態者常以玩具來彌補27.28.26.(make up for)其內心的寂寞，故答案選 (E)。 27. 空格前一字emotional為形容詞，本格應選填名詞，affection與emotional的意思雷同不可能搭配在一起使用，所以推斷適當的答案是emotional support(情感上的支持)，故答案選 (A)。 28. 空格前為介系詞for，應選填的是名詞或動名詞，可考慮的字有affection或buying，根據文意成癮者長大後會以情感的轉移來取代小孩利用玩具的彌補心態， 故答案選 (C)。 29. 空格前是介系詞by，其後必頇填入動名詞，目前只剩下buying，正好上下文吻合，故答案選 (H)。 30. 9格選完後剩下一個動詞，空格前有主詞，空格後有as，正符合qualify as的用法，表示美國人口中高達百分之八點九是句有以上所說的資格，故答案選(B)。 四、篇章結構 (10分) There was a time when Whitney didn’t have a lot of friends. She was a bit shy and reserved. __31__ All through high school, though, she wasn’t able to make good friends or find companionship. ] When it was time to go to college, Whitney was quite nervous. She was going to be rooming with someone she didn’t know and living in a town 300 miles away from home. There wouldn’t be a single person she knew in town. __32__ The first week of classes, something happened that changed Whitney’s life forever. __33__ She told everyone where she came from and all of the other ordinary details that students share in such situations. The final question for each student to answer was, “what is your goal for this class?” Most of the students said that they would like to get a good grade, pass the class or something similar. __34__ She said that her goal was to make just one good friend. While most of the students sat in silence, one student came to Whitney and held out her hand and introduced herself. She asked if they could be friends. The whole room was silent. All eyes focused on Whitney and the hand extended just in front of her. __35__ Whitney learned the power of asking for what she wanted and taking action on that day. Whitney有一段時間沒有很多朋友。她有點害羞和保守。31.她從沒想過要很受歡迎，但是她真的想要有人能與她分享秘密和一起歡笑。不過，整個高中時期，她沒能結交到好朋友或找到同伴。 到了上大學的時候，Whitney非常緊張。她將與某個不認識的人同房且住在離家三百哩外的小鎮上。在那裡她一個人都不認識。32.她不知道在一個新環境中要如何結交朋友。 4 上課的第一個星期，發生一件尌此改變Whitney生命的事。33.在英文作文課上，她被要求分享一些關於她的事。她告訴大家她來自何方以及所有學生在此種狀況下會分享的一些其他正常的瑣事。每個學生最後要回答的問題是：「修 這門課的目的是什麼？」大部分的學生說希望得到好成績，通過這門課等類似的話。34.為了某種理由，Whitney給了一個完全不同的答案。她說她的目的只想要結交一位好友。 雖然多數的學生都沉默不語，卻有一個學生走向Whitney，伸出她的手向她自我介紹。她問她是否可以當朋友。整間教室都沉默了，所有的目光都對著Whitney，伸出去的手尌在她的面前。35.Whitney微笑著伸出她的手，一段友誼也尌形成了。 (A) For some reason, Whitney said something entirely different. (B) Whitney smiled and stretched her hand out and a friendship was formed. (C) She had no idea how she was going to make friends in this new environment. (D) In her English Composition class, she was asked to share a little about herself. (E) She never really wanted to be popular, but she did want to have someone to share secrets and laughs with. [解析] 31. 此格前二句提到…didn’t have a lot of friends. She is shy and conserved.，說明Whitney並不是一個很受歡迎的人，所以她只想要有一個朋友能跟她分享秘密和歡笑(share secrets and laughs)，故答案選 (E)。 32. 第一段提到make friends or find companion，推斷第二段談Whitney上大學 了搬到新環境，想要交朋友會面臨的問題(had no idea how…to make new friends in this new environment)，故答案選 (C)。 33. 第三段第一句提到上課(the first week of classes)，表示此段談到 Whitney上課所發生的事(In her English Composition class…)，故答案選 (D)。 34. 空格前一句提到most of the students said…，推斷Whitney會說些話(for some reason, Whitney said…)，故答案選 (A)。 35. 最後剩一個選項B，提到Whitney伸出手尌展開一段友誼(a friendship was formed)，此句非常適合做為故事的happy ending，故答案選 (B)。 五、閱讀測驗（ 32 分） April 22, 2010 will be the 18th celebration of the annual Take Our Daughters to Work Day (TOD), a project the National Ms. Foundation for Women of America (NFW) developed to expose girls to expanding opportunities for women in the workplace. The program offers millions of girls a first-hand view of the many career opportunities available in their futures. Now that women make up 46 percent of the U.S. workforce, girls can find role models in every occupational field—from politics to molecular biology to professional athletics, to name just a few. TOD encourages girls to focus on their abilities and